THE ESSENCE, TYPES AND SEQUENCE OF THE MECHANISM FUNCTIONING FOR ENSURING THE ENTERPRISES ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olexandr Yemelyanov ◽  
◽  
Ostap Ivanchyna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Goals And Objectives

For many enterprises, ensuring their economic development is a required condition for maintaining a high level of economic efficiency for a long period of time. Economic development affords an opportunity to gain certain long-term competitive advantages that enable business entities to survive in the face of adverse environmental conditions. However, ensuring the economic development of enterprises is a difficult task, the solution of which requires the creation and operation of an effective mechanism for such provision. The development of ensuring mechanism to the economic development of enterprises should be based on appropriate theoretical principles. The research aim is to establish the essence, grouping of species and determining the sequence mechanism functioning of economic development of enterprises. It is shown that this mechanism can be interpreted as an ordered relationships set between the organizational structure elements of the enterprise economic development and between these elements and its external environment, carried out in the form of information flows, as well as the characteristics of these relationships (regarding their content and distribution methods) and procedures for their generation, which are based on the laws of rational business decisions. The mechanism types for ensuring the enterprises economic development were grouped by the number of criteria, duration of use, the coverage degree of the solved tasks, the amount of means used to achieve the objectives, the essence of algorithms for making business decisions and other features. The main stages of the mechanism functioning for ensuring the enterprises economic development were allocated, namely: goals and objectives formation of enterprise economic activity in the context of ensuring its economic development; procedures creation for developing business decisions; drawing up plans and programs for the implementation measures to ensure the enterprise economic development; making business decisions, monitoring their implementation and possible adjustments. The use proposed sequence of mechanism functioning of enterprise economic development in the practice of their activities increases the validity of economic decisions.

scholarly journals Enterprise innovation development strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
V. G. Lutchenko ◽  
A. I. Khorev ◽  
L. O. Zhitinskaya ◽  
N. M. Parshin ◽  
S. V. Ionov
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Enterprise Innovation ◽  
Long Term Forecasting ◽  
Goals And Objectives

In the innovative development of an enterprise, an important role should be played by the determination of methods for ensuring a long-term direction of development by choosing an algorithm of actions, that is, a sound strategy based on economic decisions, business approaches, ways of their implementation, and establishing relationships with other subsidiaries of the integrated structure. In conditions of tough competition in the markets, the only way to ensure competitive advantages for an enterprise can only be strategic management of innovative development, which is capable of providing long-term forecasting and implementation of the innovative goals and objectives set in the strategy. There are quite a few formulations and varieties of strategies for innovative development, among which the most characteristic types can be distinguished: offensive - typical for enterprises that base their activities on the principles of entrepreneurial competition and the creation of "breakthrough" innovations; defensive - aimed at maintaining competitive positions in existing markets; imitation - aimed at copying the consumer properties of innovations from other enterprises; “Niche” - aimed at adapting to narrow market segments with products with unique characteristics associated either with differentiation or with low costs. The mission of innovative development is formulated as follows: "The company guarantees its shareholders adherence to the innovative direction of development by developing and manufacturing high-quality innovative products that are not inferior to the best foreign models and generating high employee incomes, fulfilling obligations to society and profit to shareholders." Implementation of the strategy of innovative development should be reduced to constant monitoring of its implementation and adjustments, taking into account the changing external environment and internal conditions of the enterprise. This function at the analyzed enterprise is performed by the management of the enterprise, since its functions include not only the formulation of the strategy, but also the choice of methods for its implementation, as well as control and, if necessary, its adjustment.

scholarly journals State support mechanisms of small and midsize business entities

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 01089
Author(s):  
Vera Vorobyeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
State Support ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
Business Entities

The article deals with the relevant problems of using state support mechanisms for the development of small and midsize business in Russia and the further usage of its competitive advantages at the present stage of the market economy functioning. Great attention is paid on the current condition of the development of small and midsize enterprises (the usage of state support tools based on the Conception of long-term social and economic development of Russia, the program of development in regions). In the nearest future small and midsize business is considered to be the most important stabilization factor of social and economic development of the country and its regions.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF REGIONAL FACTORS ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UNDERDEVELOPED REGIONS OF SIBERIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
S. P. Mongush
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Investment Capital ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Negative Factors

Due to various factors, the regions of Russia have significant differences in the level of socio-economic development. Thus, each region of Russia has certain specific qualities inherent only to it, which must be taken into account when implementing regional policy. By reducing the influence of negative factors and, conversely, activating positive ones, it is possible to significantly increase the competitiveness of regional economies and the country as a whole. One of the features of the economies of the underdeveloped regions of Siberia is a significant share in their structure of low-productivity and low-tech industries, a lack of investment capital, low innovative activity of business entities, poor development of the territory, insufficient transport infrastructure, a shortage of highly qualified personnel and a number of others. The strategic priority of the state's economic policy in recent years in relation to underdeveloped regions is to achieve an acceptable average Russian level. In this regard, it becomes relevant to search for natural competitive advantages that can provide, through the correct and justified selection of "growth points" based on the use of the internal potential of such territories of their more dynamic development in relation to the most successful regions.

15. Democracies, Democratization, and Authoritarian Regimes

2020 ◽  
pp. 336-362
Author(s):  
Peter Ferdinand
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Democracy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Long Term Trends

This chapter focuses on democracies, democratization, and authoritarian regimes. It first considers the two main approaches to analysing the global rise of democracy over the last thirty years: first, long-term trends of modernization, and more specifically economic development, that create preconditions for democracy and opportunities for democratic entrepreneurs; and second, the sequences of more short-term events and actions of key actors at moments of national crisis that have precipitated a democratic transition — also known as ‘transitology’. The chapter proceeds by discussing the different types of democracy and the strategies used to measure democracy. It also reviews the more recent literature on authoritarian systems and why they persist. Finally, it examines the challenges that confront democracy in the face of authoritarian revival.

scholarly journals Fast and long-lasting immune response to S-trimer COVID-19 vaccine adjuvanted by PIKA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Lianpan Dai ◽  
Xiaoli Feng ◽  
Ran Gao ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Protein Vaccine ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
The Face ◽  
Potential Vaccine ◽  
High Level

AbstractIn the face of the emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2, there is an urgent need to develop a vaccine that can induce fast, effective, long-lasting and broad protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we developed a trimeric SARS-CoV-2 S protein vaccine candidate adjuvanted by PIKA, which can induce robust cellular and humoral immune responses. The results showed a high level of neutralizing antibodies induced by the vaccine was maintained for at least 400 days. In the study of non-human primates, PIKA adjuvanted S-trimer induced high SARS-CoV-2 neutralization titers and protected from virus replication in the lung following SARS-CoV-2 challenge. In addition, the long-term neutralizing antibody response induced by S-trimer vaccine adjuvanted by PIKA could neutralize multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants and there is no obvious different among the SARS- CoV-2 variants of interest or concern, including B.1.351, B.1.1.7, P.1, B.1.617.1 and B.1.617.2 variants. These data support the utility of S-trimer protein adjuvanted by PIKA as a potential vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

THE ECONOMIC HUMAN MODEL AND ITS ROLE IN STUDYING MODERN SOCIAL PROCESSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
T. V. NAUMENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Homo Economicus ◽  
Culturally Specific ◽  
National Cultures ◽  
Life Planning ◽  
High Level ◽  
National Economies

The problem of the model of an economic person in modern scientific theory occupies an essential place. Post-nonclassical science, focusing its attention on the subject of scientific research, puts at the center of research the influence of a person on all processes of society, including economic ones. The influence of the human factor and the factor of culture on the economy is studied by many modern economists in order to identify the most general patterns of functioning of national cultures and national economies. The article proposes a culturological interpretation of the model of an economic person on the basis of ethnometric parameters developed by the Dutch sociologist G. Hofstede, provides evidence of the need to build new models of a person in the economy, taking into account the culturally specific characteristics of nations, and also substantiates the thesis existing in modern humanities about the influence of culture on the economy. The homo economicus model of man is one of the most widespread and most debated. At the same time, in the scientific space, the model of the economic person is assigned a crucial role for achieving the prosperity of nations. At the same time, the thesis that in economics culture has a meaning that has a great influence on the study of models of an economic person from the standpoint of culturological science and sociology becomes important. Ethnometric indices developed by G. Hofstede allow for a correlation analysis between such cultural indicators as a high level of individualism, dominance of masculine values, and a long-term period of life planning and satisfaction of one's desires, combined with a low power distance and lack of fear of change, help to achieve a high economic development of the nation. Despite the belief of many sociologists and economists that the possession of these characteristics leads to the prosperity of the nation, none of the developed European countries, based on the results of their development, confirms the conclusion about such a correspondence. In this regard, it seems correct to abandon the construction of a universal model of a person in the economy and focus on the culturally specific characteristics of individual nations with their potential for economic development. The toolkit developed by G. Hofstede undoubtedly has a high heuristic potential in the study of the relationship and interdependence of culture and economy, but it is also obvious that the universalization of the model of an economic person is possible only in theory, and in the case of practical application, it deviates to some extent from the ideal model. due to the peculiarities of national cultures, which have a significant impact on the economic prosperity of nations.

scholarly journals COMMERCIAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WILD GOLDFISH IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF RESERVOIRS OF THE TEREK-CASPIAN FISHERY SUBDISTRICT

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Timur Akhmaevich ABDUSAMADOV ◽  
Aminat Kamilovna ALIEVA ◽  
Akhma Saydbegovich ABDUSAMADOV ◽  
Ruslan Magomedovich BARKHALOV
Keyword(s):  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Coastal Sea ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions

The article is devoted to the study of the commercial and biological characteristics of the wild goldfish in the coastal sea waters of the Terek-Caspian fisheries subdistrict. The features of the formation of wild goldfish stocks under the influence of natural-climatic and anthropogenic factors in the long-term aspect are shown. It has been revealed that in recent years, the stocks of wild goldfish in the coastal part of the Terek-Caspian fisheries subdistrict are stable and range from 1,210 to 1,950 thousand tons having reached the maximum in 2020. Biological indicators of wild goldfish in the coastal part of the Caspian Sea have been stable in recent years and are not subject to significant fluctuations. The high rate of increase in number and commercial stocks, as well as the expansion of the range of wild goldfish in new areas of habitat in the Caspian basin, is probably due to its competitive advantages - the ability to adapt to adverse environmental conditions.

scholarly journals BASIC PRECONDITIONS FOR ACTIVATING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN KAZAKHSTAN IN MODERN CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.К. Кунязова ◽  
Е.К. Кунязов ◽  
А.С. Кадырова ◽  
С.К. Жетпысбаев ◽  
S. Kunyazova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Business Entities

В статье отмечается, что экономический рост должен предполагать активизацию развития предпринимательства и повышение его роли в национальной экономике. Малое и среднее предпринимательство как особый способ хозяйственной деятельности призвано стимулировать усиление внутрихозяйственного развития, расширение занятости населения и реализацию конкурентных преимуществ Казахстана в международном разделении труда. Предпринимательская среда и реальный сектор экономики больше всего подверглись негативному влиянию во время пандемии. Несмотря на это, отечественная экономика продолжает показывать положительную динамику в это нелегкое время. Проведен анализ доли активных субъектов в общем количестве зарегистрированных субъектов МСП, структуры занятых в индивидуальном предпринимательстве по видам экономической деятельности, показана оценка вклада малого и среднегопредпринимательства в валовой внутренний продукт и динамика кредитования банками субъектов малого предпринимательства в разрезе отраслей экономики за последние годы. Авторы отмечают, что главным фактором, ограничивающим возможности предпринимателей, являются трудности получения финансирования. Поэтому одной из целей поддержки малого и среднего предпринимательства является создание условий для удешевления кредитных ресурсов, развитие государственно-частного партнерства, формирование групп банков, финансовых компаний, инвестиционных фондов, работающих с субъектами предпринимательства. Остро возникает необходимость в увеличении объемов доступной финансово-кредитной поддержки малого и среднего предпринимательства по приоритетным направлениям экономического развития страны, также должно быть уделено внимание снижению налоговой нагрузки. The article notes that economic growth should involve the intensification of the development of entrepreneurship and an increase in its role in the national economy. Small and medium-sized businesses as a special way of economic activity are designed to stimulate the strengthening of intra-economic development, the expansion of employment of the population and the implementation of Kazakhstan's competitive advantages in the international division of labor. The business environment and the real sector of the economy were most negatively affected during the pandemic. Despite this, the domestic economy continues to show positive dynamics during this difficult time. The analysis of the share of active subjects in the total number of registered SMEs, the structure of those employed in individual entrepreneurship by type of economic activity, shows the assessment of the contribution of small and medium-sized businesses to the gross domestic product and the dynamics of bank lending to small businesses in the context of economic sectors in recent years. The authors note that the main factor limiting the opportunities for entrepreneurs is the difficulty of obtaining funding. Therefore, one of the goals of supporting small and medium-sized businesses is to create conditions for cheaper credit resources, the development of public-private partnerships, the formation of groups of banks, financial companies, investment funds working with business entities. There is an urgent need to increase the volume of available financial and credit support for small and medium-sized businesses in priority areas of the country's economic development, and attention should also be paid to reducing the tax burden.

Approaches to Skills in the Asian Developmental States

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnny Sung ◽  
Arwen Raddon
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Developmental States ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
The Face ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
And Training ◽  
Over Time

The developmental state model was proposed in the early 1990s as a better means of understanding the mechanisms underlying the rapid growth of the Asian Tiger economies, when compared to classic economic models. The national skills systems of South Korea and Singapore are examined in order to consider how the Asian developmental state approach has worked in practice. It is shown that, whilst the state identifies and firmly guides the direction of economic development, the market plays a fundamental role in the concrete delivery of long-term economic objectives. Within this approach, education and training act as a vehicle to achieve broader economic and social development goals. Examples are used to consider how these systems changed throughout the industrialisation process. We reflect on some of the challenges faced over time, which have put the long-term viability of the developmental state approach in question. Most notable is the gradual erosion of the state’s ability to lead capital and labour in order to achieve long- rather than short-term goals, particularly in the face of globalisation.

Developing a business model and internal reports as a way for advertising businesses to adapt to recession

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-123
Author(s):  
Mariya A. VAKHRUSHINA ◽  
Nadezhda E. GIRYA
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Advertising Agencies ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
The Face ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Management Reporting

Subject. The advertising business in Russia is characterized by high level of competition. Many areas of advertising activities showed a negative trend even before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. In such unfavorable conditions, solutions to problems associated with the development of adequate business models of advertising agencies, become especially relevant. Objectives. Our aim is to underpin the need for transforming the business models of advertising agencies as a way of their survival in the face of future recession. Our working hypothesis is that under crisis conditions, organizations that continue to develop their business model tend to survive. Methods. The study employs general scientific methods, like comparison, deduction, analysis, synthesis. Results. We updated the definitions of ‘business model’, ‘optimal business model’, ‘internal reporting’, disclosed relationship between them. Based on foreign and domestic experience of advertising business functioning in conditions of the global financial and economic crisis of 2014–2015 and existing approaches to building business models, we offered an integrated business model. We also developed a form of management consolidated report, which reflects the specifics of advertising agencies. The recommended business model for an integrated group of companies and the adapted form of management consolidated report will provide the top management with integrated information about the total operating activities of agencies and enable adequate economic decisions. Conclusions. To address the threats of the looming crisis, companies should continue to develop their business model and improve in-house management reporting.

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