Feeding of high-productive cows with protected plant fats

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
А.В. Головин
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Hydrogenated Fat

С целью изучения эффективности использования сухих защищённых растительных жиров, приготовленных по различным технологиям (Ultra Feed F – гидрогенизированный жир и Extra Feed F – фракционированный жир (Россия)), в кормлении высокопродуктивных молочных коров был проведён научно-хозяйственный опыт в экспериментальном хозяйстве «Клёново-Чегодаево» (Москва). В эксперименте, проведённом на трёх группах коров голштинизированной чёрно-пёстрой породы, с удоем 7000 кг молока за лактацию, по 10 голов в каждой, установлено, что повышение концентрации обменной энергии в сухом веществе рациона кормления коров с 10,7 до 11,0 МДж/кг в период с 21-го по 120-й день лактации, за счёт включения в состав рациона коров опытных групп исследуемых защищённых жиров в количестве 300 г/гол/сутки, способствовало увеличению удоя молока 4% жирности за 100 дней опыта на 9,7 и 11,0% по сравнению с контролем, а продукции молочного жира и белка — соответственно на 9,6–11,0% и 7,4–8,3%, затраты кормов, выраженные в ОЭ, снизились на 4,9–5,2%. При этом сервис-период, который составил 138,2 дней в контрольной группе, в опытных группах сократился соответственно до 121,4 и 126,5 дней. Экономические расчёты показали, что себестоимость 0,1 т молока базисной жирности у коров опытных групп снизилась на 12,1–19,6 руб., или на 0,6–0,9%, по сравнению с контролем, при одновременном получении дополнительной прибыли в обеих опытных группах в размере 2063,6–2588,3 руб. на голову. The experiment was carried out at the Research Farm “Klenovo-Chegodaevo” (Moscow). The aim was to analyze the effectiveness of dry protected plant fats in dairy cow feeding. The fats were prepared using different technologies (Ultra Feed F – hydrogenated fat and Extra Feed F – fractionated fat (Russia). The experiment included three groups of Holstein black-and-white cows producing 7000 kg of milk per lactation. Each group consisted of 10 heads. Feeding cows with 300 g of protected fats daily increased exchange energy concentration in dry matter from 10.7 to 11.0 MJ/kg from the 21st to 120th day of lactation leading to the increase of 4% milk yield by 9.7 and 11.0% as well as milk fat and protein — by 9.6–11.0% and 7.4–8.3%, respectively. Forage consumption expressed as exchange energy dropped by 4.9–5.2%. Service period decreased from 138.2 days to 121.4 and 126.5 days. Economic efficiency of 0.1 t of 4% milk reduced by 12.1–19.6 rubles, or 0.6–0.9%. Both experimental groups provided the additional profit of 2063.6–2588.3 rubles per head.

Effects of protected vegetable fats on rumen metabolism and productivity dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
A. V. Golovin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Rumen Metabolism ◽  
Economic Experiment ◽  
Feed Costs

In a scientific economic experiment conducted in the experimental farm «Klenovo-Chegodaevo» (Moscow) on three groups of Holsteinized black-and-white cows with a milk yield of 7000 kg of milk per lactation, 10 heads in each, it was found that the inclusion in the diet of cows of the experimental groups tested protected fats (hydrogenated and fractionated) in the amount of 300 g per head per day, contributed to the tendency for more intensive metabolic processes in the rumen due to a slight increase in the concentration of volatile fatty acids by 5,6–7,4% and an increase in the mass of microorganisms in the contents of the rumen by 5,4–14,4% (P≥0,05). At the same time, an increase in the concentration of metabolic energy in the dry matter of the cows ration from 10,7 to 11,0 MJ / kg in the period from 21 to 120 days of lactation, due to the inclusion of protected fats in the diet of cows from the experimental groups, contributed to an increase in milk yield 4% fat content for 100 days of the experiment by 9,7% and 11,0% (P≤0,05), compared with the control, as well as the production of milk fat and protein, respectively by 9,6–11,0% (P≤0,05 in the second case) and 7,4–8,3%, feed costs expressed in ME decreased by 4,9–5,2%.

scholarly journals Reppoductive ability of ukrainian black and white dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Kuziv ◽  
E. I. Fedorovych
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Lactation Duration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Period Duration

The major components of economically useful traits in cattle dairy productivity, which conducted the selection is milk productivity and reproductive ability of cows. Studies conducted on animals Ukrainian black and white dairy cattle in the «Milk River» farm in the Sokal and Brody offices breeding reproducers «Breeder» Lviv region and plant breeding «Yamnytsya» Ivano–Frankivsk region. Ukrainian black and white dairy breed in the western region of Ukraine is characterized by good reproductive ability. Depending on the husbandry and lactation duration, service period lasted within 87.4 – 121.5 day, intercalving period – within 364 – 402.6 day, dry period within – 47.3 – 72.9 day, the fertility index was 46.3 – 48.0, coefficient of reproductive ability – within 0.92–0.99,  output of calves per 100 cows – within 91.8 – 98.8. The duration of pregnancy in cows of different  farms and lactations were in range 277 – 283.5 day and meet the requirements of the physiological norm. It has been shown that the milk yield of cows depends on the parameters of reproductive capacity. The correlation between duration of service–period and intercalving period, and milk yield, milk fat in most cases was positive. Correlation dry period duration and parameters of milk yield changed from negative to positive. Depending on the husbandry, lactation and index the impact share of service–period duration on milk yield was 7.0 – 29.7, for intercalving period – 8.8 – 31.8, for dry period – 9.2 – 23.8% respectively.

Influence of energy supply of diet of cows on dairy productivity and biochemical blood status

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
A. V. Golovin ◽  
◽  
R. A. Rykov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Experimental Group

In a research and production experiment carried out in the milk farm of «Klenovo-Chegodaevo» (Moscow) on two groups of holsteinized black-and-white cows with a milk yield of 7000 kg of milk per lactation, 20 heads each, it was found that an increase in the concentration of metabolic energy (CME) in the dry matter of the cows ration from 10,7 to 11,0 MJ/kg in the period from 21 to 120 days of lactation, due to the inclusion of protected fat in the diet of cows in the experimental group, in the amount of 300 g/head/day, produced on the basis of vegetable raw materials, contributed to an increase in milk yield of 4% fat and milk fat yield by 9,5% (p<0,05) for 120 days of lactation, while reducing feed costs for its production, expressed in CME by 5,4%. More intensive milking of cows in the experimental group in the new calving period had a positive effect on the tendency to increase milk yield of standard (4%) fat content and the yield of milk fat in general for 305 days of lactation by 7,4% (p>0,05), compared with control. Calculations of economic efficiency have shown that the use of fractionated fat in the amount of 300 g in the ration of high-yielding cows during the milking period from 10,7 to 11,0 MJ/kg can reduce the cost of 1 quintal of milk of base fat content (3,4%) produced by cows from the experimental group for the first 120 days of lactation by 43,6 rubles. or by 1.9% while receiving additional profit from its sale in comparison with the control in the amount of 3502,5 rubles. for 1 head. Biochemical studies of the blood of cows in the experimental groups, carried out on the 120th day of lactation, revealed a tendency for a more intense course of protein and lipid metabolism in the body of cows was revealed, who received a diet with an increased to 11,0 MJ/kg level of CME in dry matter of the diet, due to the use of protected vegetable fat in an amount of 300 g.

Effect of the level of concentrate supplementation, herbage allowance and milk yield at turn-out on the performance of dairy cows in mid lactation at grazing

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Delaby ◽  
J. L. Peyraud ◽  
R. Delagarde
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Cow Performance

AbstractIn order to establish the response of dairy cow performance to concentrate supplementation in contrasting grazing conditions and for cows differing in milk yield at turn-out, three experiments were conducted. Each year, two levels of herbage allowance were studied in interaction with four (experiment 1) or three (experiments 2 and 3) levels of concentrate on two groups of 30 to 40 mid-lactation Holstein cows producing between 20 and 46 kg milk at turnout. Amount of concentrate and herbage allowance ranged from 0 to 6 kg fresh weight and from 12 to 22 kg dry matter (DM) per cow per day respectively. The supplementation led to average responses, per kg DM concentrate, of 104 kg milk, +66 g/day body-weight gain, +0·19 g/kg milk protein and -0·57 g/kg milk fat. These responses remained linear up to 4 or 6 kg according to the years and treatments. The response to the concentrate did not vary with the milk yield or composition at turn-out. The increase in the herbage allowance from 12 to 16 kg DM per cow per day (experiment 1) improved milk yield (+1·2 kg/day) and milk protein (+0·7 g/kg) while the increase from 16 to 22 kg DM (experiments 2 and 3) had less effect (+0·5 kg/day milk yield and +0·4 g/kg milk protein). There was no clear interaction between concentrate supplementation and herbage allowance. Under the usual conditions of spring pasture, with cows in mid lactation, the use of a constant level of concentrate at grazing proves to be a technique of some interest.

Haylage from Hungarian sainfoin for cow feeding

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Волошин ◽  
Н. Морозков
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Perennial Legume

По результатам научных исследований, выполненных за ряд лет в растениеводстве и животноводстве, показана целесообразность интродукции в кормопроизводство Пермского края новой многолетней бобовой культуры эспарцета песчаного. По четырёхлетним наблюдениям (2012 2015 годы) в полевых опытах культура не уступала по урожайности кормовой массы традиционному для региона клеверу луговому, а по концентрации обменной энергии и сырого протеина в сухом веществе была на уровне клевера лугового и люцерны изменчивой, но в разы превосходила их по содержанию сахара. Сенаж это единственный вид зимнего корма, максимально сохраняющий обменную энергию, протеин, сахар, каротин, достаточно концентрированный, чтобы обеспечивать потребности высокопродуктивных животных. В 2018 году на Лобановском молочном комплексе ООО Русь в Пермском районе Пермского края были проведены научнохозяйственный и физиологический опыты по скармливанию сенажа из эспарцета песчаного голштинизированным коровам чёрнопёстрой породы. При использовании сенажа из эспарцета песчаного животные в сутки потребляли сухого вещества на 2,3 3,9 кг на голову больше по сравнению с группой, где в рационе было сено (контроль). В результате использования сенажа из эспарцета песчаного переваримость сухого вещества рациона у опытных групп животных была выше на 2,55 5,80 по сравнению с контрольной органического вещества на 2,54 4,14 . За учётный период научнохозяйственного опыта (120 дней) от коров опытных групп получено по 399327,2 и 414431,9 кг молока, что со средней степенью достоверности выше продуктивности животных контрольной группы (391045,4). По содержанию молочного жира и молочного белка преимущество достоверно также было за опытными группами. Затраты корма на 1 кг молока составили в контроле 0,74 энергетических корм. ед. (ЭКЕ), в опытных группах 0,71 и 0,69 ЭКЕ. Hungarian sainfoin was shown to be an effective perennial legume crop in the forage production of the Perm Territory. For 4 years (2012 2015) this crop produced forage mass, exchange energy and crude protein comparable to the ones of red clover and bastard alfalfa but exceeded them significantly in carbohydrate content. Haylage is the only type of winter forage that has sufficient concentrations of exchange energy, protein, carbohydrates and carotene, satisfying needs of highproductive livestock in nutrients. Haylage from Hungarian sainfoin was fed to Holstein BlackandWhite cows in the frame of experiments conducted in 2018. Cows consumed 2.3 3.9 kg more of dry matter (DM) with the haylage, compared to hay (control). Digestibilities of DM and organic matter were 2.55 5.80 and 2.54 4.14 higher than in the control group, respectively. For 120 days the experimental groups produced 3993 27.2 and 4144 31.9 kg of milk versus 3910 45.4 kg of the control one. The former also exceeded the latter in milk fat and protein contents. Fodder costs per 1 kg of milk amounted to 0.74 energy feed units in the control and 0.71 and 0.69 energy feed units in the experimental groups.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT ASSESSMENT METHODS OF BREEDING BULLS OF BLACK-AND-WHITE BREED BY THE OFFSPRING QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
E. I. Anisimova E. I. ◽  
◽  
P. S. Katmakov ◽  
A. V. Bushov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Hydraulic Engineering ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Offspring Quality ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Ideal Line

The paper presents results of assessing black-and-white bulls by the quality of the offspring with application of different methods. The evaluation of bulls was carried out with application of the “daughter-mother” method in the conditions of Volzhsky Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation. The valuation showed that the bulls Aist 7 and Muscat 8 increased milk yield of daughters, in comparison with mothers, by 951 and 486 kg, or by 26.7 and 12.9%. The rest of the servicing bulls reduced milk yield of the offspring by 46 - 1019 kg (1.1 - 24.7%). When assessing the bulls using the “daughterpeer” method, the highest milk productivity was shown by the descendants of Sazan 25 and Aist 7 of Vis Back Ideal line, which surpassed their peers in milk yield by 273 and 419 kg, or by 3.8 and 5.7%, respectively. The producers Snop 57 (his 17 daughters had average milk yield of 4224 kg for the first lactation with milk fat of 3.80%) and Muscat 8 (with an average milk yield of daughters of 4254 kg , milk fat - 3.83%) are also of significant value for the breeding work of this farm. According to the assessment results, the producer Aist 7 was assigned to the breeding category of A1 of milk yield improvers. Bulls Sazan 25 and Muscat 8 are also rated as daughters’ milk yield improvers and are categorized as A2 and A3. All bulls evaluated by comparing daughters to the breed standards are improvers of daughters’ milk yield (+ 454-1860 kg).

scholarly journals Effect of herb mixture supplementation in ratio on milk yield, milk composition and its technological suitability

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Grega ◽  
M. Sady ◽  
J. Kraszewski
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Fermentation Test ◽  
Experimental Group

Investigations were carried out on milk cows of Black -and- White breed being in 2-nd lactation 30-120 day after parturition. Experiment was performed during winter feeding season (corn silage, fodder beet silage, super beet pulp, concentrate, meadow hay). Cows of the experimental group received supplement (5% of concentrate) of the herb mixture in feeding ratio. The composition of this mixture was as follows: Urtica dioica, Fructus carvi, Pradix teraxaci, Agrimonio eupatoria, Matrica chamomilla. The obtained results show that supplementation of the diet by herb mixture induced increase of the following parameters: milk yield (+2 kg), fat content (+0,04%), protein content (+0,06%), citric acid (+0,10%), whey proteins (+0,02%), casein (+0,04%), dry matter (+0,12%), non fat dry matter (+0,07%). It was stated that in the experimental milk non-saturated fatty acid level was higher (+20%), in opposite to lower level of saturated fatty acids (-15%) and total cholesterol (-25%). The beneficial effect of herb mixture supplementation on the results of rennet-fermentation test, fermentation test, Sehern' s test and heat stability was stated in the experimental group milk.

scholarly journals GRAZING MANAGEMENT IN SPRING AND SUBSEQUENT DAIRY COW PERFORMANCE

1988 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Hoogendoorn ◽  
C.W. Holmes ◽  
A.C.P. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Experimental Feeding ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Cow Performance

Two levels of grazing intensity were unposed on pasture during a spring-time pre-treatment period in two years at Massey University's Dary Cattle Research Unit. The two grazing intensws were lax (L), 2000-2500 kg DMlha residual herbage mass (RHM) and intense (I) 1000-1500 kg DM/ha RHM imposed for 2 grazing rotations. During this period, net herbage accumulation (NHA) on the L swards was approximately twice that on I wards. However, by early summer, NHA was greater on the I than L swards. Subsequently, during the experimental feeding period in early summer, herbage on the I swards contained lower percentages of reproductive tillers, grass stem, and senescent matter, and was of higher digestibllity than herbage on the L wards. Durmg the feedlng period, cows grazing the I wards had greater yields of milk and milk fat than cows on the L wards when offered both generous and restricted daily herbage dry matter allowances. The effect of ward type on dry matter intake (DMI) was dependent on dry matter allowance. However, when a common allowance of leaf was offered, DMI, milk and milk fat yield were not significantly affected by sward type on offer. The results emphasise the importance of maintaining green, leafy swards into late spring and summer in order to maximise milk yield per cow at this time. This was achieved by maintaining a RHM of no more than 1500 kg DMlha throughout spring by imposing sufficiently high stocking rates. Keywords: residual herbage mass, ward characteristics, dry matter allowance, leaf allowance, dry matter intake, milk yield.

scholarly journals Bioenergetic and ethological features of the first-calf heifers of different genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
O. O. Borshch ◽  
S. Yu. Ruban ◽  
O. V. Borshch ◽  
V. M. Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Slight Advantage ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of this work was to study bioenergetic and ethological indicators in crossbred first-calf heifers compared to purebred first-calf heifers. The research was conducted on the first-calf heifers of Ukrainian Black-Pied dairy breed and first-generation crossbreeds obtained as a result of crossing with Brown Swiss breed, as well as, on the first-calf heifers of Ukrainian Red-Pied dairy breed and first-generation crossbreeds obtained as a result of crossing Ukrainian Red-Pied dairy with Montbéliarde breed. The purebred Black-and Red-Pied first-calf heifers prevailed over crossbreed first-calf heifers on the indicator of milk yield for 305 days of lactation by 106.45 and 218.36 kg, respectively. Accordingly, the indicators of average daily milk yield were also higher by 0.35 and 0.72 kg and the indicators of average daily milk yield adjusted by 4 % fat content per 0.15 and 0.16 kg. At the same time, the indicator of average fat content in milk prevailed in crossbreeds of Black-Pied and Brown Swiss breed by 0.08 % compared to purebred Black-Pied breeds, and in Red-Pied crossbreeds with Montbéliarde breed by 0.16 % compared to purebred Red-Pied breeds. The purebred Black-Pied first-calf heifers had an advantage by 2.04 MJ compared to crossbreeds, while the Red-Pied first-calf heifers had a slight advantage by 0.06 MJ compared to crossbreed first-calf heifers on the indicator of daily cost of exchange energy (EE). The purebred Black-and Red-Pied first-calf heifers had higher cost of exchange energy allocated with milk compared to crossbreed first-calf heifers by 0.42 and 0.82 MJ. They also had higher cost of exchange energy rates for heat products by 0.79 and 0.25 MJ. According to the energy index indicator, purebred Black - and Red-Pied first-calf heifers prevailed over crossbreeds first-calf heifers by 0.16 and 0.07 %, respectively. The same trend was observed in relation to the productive index indicator. The purebred Black-and Red-Pied first-calf heifers had a slight advantage by 0.001 and 0.002 kg adjusted by 4 % of milk fat content per 1 MJ. According to the indicators of daily behavioral reactions, no special differences between a purebred and crossbreed were found.

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