Productivity of long-term swards on drainage lands of the Non-Chernozem region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Н. Иванова ◽  
А.Д. Капсамун ◽  
Е.Н. Павлючик ◽  
Н.Н. Амбросимова ◽  
Т.Н. Пантелеева
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
First Year ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Stand Productivity ◽  
Vegetative Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Number

В статье представлены результаты исследований формирования продуктивности бобово-злаковых травосмесей, созданных с участием самовозобновляющихся видов трав: полевицы гигантской ВИК 2, мятлика лугового Балин и овсяницы красной Максима. Исследования 2018–2019 годов показали, что данные травы обладают высоким потенциалом вегетативного возобновления. По обеспеченности побегами и шильцами на второй год жизни отличилась овсяница красная: 320–600 шт./м2— на естественном фоне произрастания и 320–680 шт./м2 — при внесении минеральных удобрений в дозе N45Р45К45. Обеспеченность почками возобновления у исследуемых видов трав превосходила количество побегов в 2,0–2,1 раза на неудобренных и 2,3–2,7 раза — на фоне удобрений. Преобладание почек возобновления над побегами указывает на высокую приспособленность видов к длительному вегетативному возобновлению в данных условиях. Высокие показатели органов возобновления отмечены у мятлика лугового — 2,1–2,7 и овсяницы красной — 2,0–2,7. Коэффициент реализации почек (отношение побегов к почкам, выраженное в процентах) наиболее высоким был у неудобренных трав — 48,8–50,0%. Установлено, что неудобренные травостои 1-го года пользования, созданные на основе низовых злаков, сформировали 14,2–18,1 т/га зелёной массы. Продуктивность травостоев с полевицей составляла в среднем 16,2 т/га, с мятликом — 15,3 т/га, с овсяницей красной — 15,7 т/га зелёной массы. Травосмеси, в составе которых был райграс пастбищный, обеспечивали меньшую продуктивность — 14,2–15,2 т/га, что на 2,4–2,7 т/га меньше по сравнению с травостоями с овсяницей тростниковой (16,6–18,1 т/га). Значительных изменений урожайности травостоев от вида бобового компонента (люцерны изменчивой и лядвенца рогатого) не установлено. Внесение удобрений способствовало росту продуктивности самовозобновляющихся травостоев. Урожайность зелёной массы и сбор сухого вещества увеличились в 2 раза. Наибольшую продуктивность на фоне удобрений обеспечили травостои с мятликом луговым — 3,60–4,70 тыс. корм. ед. Наименее продуктивными были травостои с полевицей гигантской — 3,57–4,42 т/га. The article reports on the productivity of legume-gramineous swards of “VIK 2” giant bentgrass, “Balin” bluegrass, and “Maksim” red fescue. The research conducted in 2018–2019 proved high potential of these species to vegetative regeneration. Red fescue developed a lot of shoots and seedlings in the second life cycle: 320–600 pcs/m2 — without fertilization and 320–680 pcs/m2— when applying N45Р45К45. Plants formed more buds than shoots showing good adaptability to a long-term vegetative regeneration. Bud number of bluegrass and red fescue exceeded the shoot number by 2.1–2.7 and 2.0–2.7 times, respectively. Unfertilized plants showed the highest bud formation coefficient — 48.8–50.0%. Low-growing grasses produced 14.2–18.1 t ha-1of green mass under no fertilization in the first year. Bentgrass swards yielded 16.2 t ha-1 of green mass, bluegrass — 15.3 t ha-1, red fescue — 15.7 t ha-1. Perennial ryegrass mixtures had the lowest productivity (14.2–15.2 t ha-1) while tall fescue provided 16.6–18.1 t ha-1. Legume component insignificantly affected stand productivity. Fertilization improved crop performance. Green mass and dry matter yields increased by 2 times. Fertilized bluegrass ecosystems performed the best yielding 3.60–4.70 thousand feed units. Bentgrass swards gave the lowest yield of 3.57–4.42 t ha-1.

scholarly journals Influence of increasing doses of nitrogen on feed productivity of perennial grasses

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vasil'evna Ivanova ◽  
Olga Vasil'evna Kurdakova ◽  
Aminat Msostovna Konova ◽  
Anna Yurievna Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
The State ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
State Register ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

In the course of the experiment, the effect of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of clover of the meadow variety Nadezhny, entered in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2012, was analyzed. A comparison is also made of this influence with the timothy of the meadow variety Leningradskaya 204. It was established that the pre-sowing introduction of mineral nitrogen for clover and timothy has influenced the productivity of these crops, but the nature of this effect varies depending on the type of grass. The introduction of N20 against the background of P30K90, which provided an increase in control of 51.2% for green mass and 33.6% for air-dry matter, was optimal for meadow clover of the first year of life. For grassland clover second year of life, the best option was N0P30K90, which gave an increase of 56.6% to the control on green mass and 50.6% on air-dry matter. A further increase in the dose of nitrogen on the options caused a decrease in yield increase. Timothy meadow for two years of life was traced responsiveness to the provision of nitrogen. The most productive in all respects was the option N120P30K90.    

scholarly journals Biological products of the associative group in adaptive technology of cultivation of Scarlet amaranth and Poterium polygama in the conditions of forest steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Anna Nikolaevna Kshnikatkina ◽  
Elena Aleksandrovna Zueva ◽  
Inna Aleksandrovna Voronova ◽  
Anna Anatolyevna Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
First Year ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
The Third ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Second Year

In the course of studies, it was found that taking inoculation of Scarlet amaranth and Poterium polygama seeds with biologics has a positive effect on the formation of photosynthesis parameters. In amaranth agrocenoses during the panicle sweeping phase, the leaf surface area was significantly higher when seeds were inoculated with biological products than in the control variant for Kizlyarets cultivar by 23.1-36.3% and Valentina cultivar by 23.8-38.0%, the most effective the method was exogenous seed treatment with agric. The maximum parameters of photosynthesis were noted during seed maturation. So, on average for three years of research, the leaf area of the Kizlyarets variety was 64.1 and the Valentine variety 62.3 thousand m2 / ha, the photosynthetic potential, respectively, was 2.05 and 1.98 million m2 days / ha, the net productivity of photosynthesis - 8.56 and 7.66 g / m2 per day. The most intensive increase in the leaf area in the crops of the blackhead was noted in the budding phase, according to the experimental variants, it amounted to 40.8-45.3 thousand m2 / ha in the first year of use, and 41.9-46.8 thousand m2 in the second year of use / ha, in the third year of use - 42.8-47.4 thousand m2 / ha On average, over three years the largest collection of dry matter (6.9 t / ha), feed units (9.1 t / ha), digestible protein (1.45 t / ha) and metabolic energy (81.6 GJ) were obtained from Kizlyarets varieties when inoculating seeds with Agrika biological product. At the same time, the highest seed yield was obtained (1.31 t / ha), which is 2.39 times higher than the control variant and 1.44 times higher than the Valentina variety. Optimization of the plant’s mineral nutrition by seed inoculation with associative bacterial preparations provided for an increase in the productivity of the polygamous monofil. The yield of green mass of the Poterium polygama of the first year of use for an average of three years according to the experimental options was 28.5–31.8 t / ha, collection of dry matter – 7.3–8.2 t / ha, feed units – 4.36–4.87 t / ha, digestible protein - 0.56–0.65 t / ha, exchange energy - 88.7–99.6 GJ. The highest productivity of the blackhead was when treating seeds with Agrika with microelements together with Azotobacter: green mass - 31.8 t / ha, dry matter collection - 8.2 t / ha, feed units - 4.87 t / ha, digestible protein – 0.65 t / ha, exchange energy - 99.6 GJ, which significantly exceeds the performance of the control option. The treatment of seeds with biologics provided an increase in the seed productivity of the polygonidae by 91.7–223.1 kg / ha (10.1–24.6%). The highest seed yield in the first year of use is 1130.1 kg / ha, the second year of use is 1258.9 kg / ha, the third year of use is 1268.3 kg / ha, which significantly exceeds the control indicators by 27.3% and 27.8% was obtained during bacterization of seeds with Agrika, enriched with microelements and together with Azotobacter.

scholarly journals Change over Time in Quality and Cover of Various Turfgrass Species and Cultivars Maintained in Shade

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Gardner ◽  
J.A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Supplemental Irrigation ◽  
Red Fescue

In 1992, a cultivar trial was initiated in Columbus, Ohio to evaluate differences in establishment and long-term performance of cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), creeping red fescue (F. rubra), chewings fescue (F. rubra ssp. fallax), hard fescue (F. brevipila), kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), rough bluegrass (P. trivialis), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) under low maintenance conditions in a shaded environment. Fertilizer and supplemental irrigation were applied until 1994 to establish the grasses, after which no supplemental irrigation, or pesticides were applied and fertilizer rates were reduced to 48.8 kg·ha-1 (1 lb/1000 ft2) of N per year. Percentage cover and overall quality data were collected in 2000 and compared with data collected in 1994. Initial establishment success does not appear to be a good predictor of long-term success of a cultivar in a shaded environment. There was some variability in cultivar performance under shade within a given turfgrass species. The tall fescue cultivars, as a group, had the highest overall quality and percentage cover under shade, followed by the fine fescues, kentucky bluegrass, rough bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass cultivars.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of cultivar samples of meadow clover from a competitive variety test with high feed qualities

2021 ◽  
Vol 210 (07) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
M. Tormozin ◽  
A. Zyryanceva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Spring Sowing ◽  
Variety Testing

Abstract. The article provides information on the yield of green mass, dry matter, nutritional value, as well as the yield of seeds of promising numbers of meadow clover in a competitive variety test. The purpose of research on the combination of economically valuable characteristics (dry matter yield, dry matter yield) is to identify promising cultivars of single-grained diploid meadow clover in nurseries of competitive variety testing for further work and transfer of promising material to breeding nurseries. Research methodology and methods. The material for the study was 14 cultivars of meadow clover, self-selected, obtained by hybridization and polycross, standard is Orion. In the nursery of the competitive variety testing (sowing 2018), the productivity was evaluated during spring sowing, under the cover of spring wheat. The accounting area of the plot is 100 m2, when evaluating the numbers for feed productivity, the repetition is fourfold. Observations and records were carried out according to the generally accepted methodology. Meteorological conditions in 2018–2020 varied significantly from the long-term average. Results. The yield of green mass for two years was 51.35–63.3 t/ha. The numbers significantly exceeded the standard: Ogonek × Ermak (7) – by 7 %, Orfey – 10.5 %, Oniks – 11.4 %, Vitebchanin × Orfey (5) – by 10.7 %. The collection of dry matter for two seasons was 10.93–13.95 t/ha. The numbers were highlighted: Ogonek × Ermak (7) – 13.7 %, Orfey – 15.3, Oniks – 8.5, Vitebchanin × Orfey (5) – 9.8 and 143-98 – 10.8 %. The seed yield in 2019 was 92–176. 6 kg/ha. The protein content for the season was 14.20–17.52 % in 2019, and 12.89–16.60 % in 2020. The average protein harvest for two years was 1593–2196 kg/ha. The highest indicator was provided by the following numbers: Ogonek × Ermak (7) – 2135 kg/ha (+15.8 % to st.), Orfey – 1960 kg/ha (+6.3 %), 143-98 – 1958 kg/ha (+6.2 %), Oniks – 2054 kg/ha (+11.4 %) and Vitebchanin × Orfey (5) – 2196 kg/ha (+19.2 %). Scientific novelty. As a result of the conducted research, promising cultivars were identified, which will be included in the further selection study.

scholarly journals Sustainability of Perennial Grasses Under Long-term Use in the Conditions of Drained Lands of the Non-Chernozem Zone (Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
N. Ivanova ◽  
A. Kapsamun ◽  
E. Pavlyuchik ◽  
D. Vagunin ◽  
N. Ambrosimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Green Mass

Recently, much attention has been paid by grassland farmers to the problem of extending the productive longevity of grasslands of the pasture type. Field studies were carried out on the agropolygon of FGBNU VNIIMZ in the period from 2012 to 2018. The object of research was pasture grass stands created on the basis of pasture ryegrass (Loliurn perenne) and inter-genera festulolium hybrid (× Festulolium F. Aschers. Et Graebn). Two, three, and four species of grass mixtures with various leguminous and cereal herbs were studied in the experiment. The types and varieties of herbs were selected taking into account their potential productivity and sustainable longevity in the conditions of drained soils. Ryegrass grazing VIC 66, festulolium VIC 90, alfalfa changeable (Medicago varia Nakhodka), lotus horned (Lotus cornilatus Sun), creeping clover (Trifolium repens) VIC 70, red fescue (Festuca rubra) Sigma, red clover (Trifolium pratense) VIC 7, timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.) VIC 9, meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) Sakharovskaya were used in the experiments. It has been shown that in the conditions of drained lands, such species as red fescue, alfalfa changeable, horned deer can be attributed to perennial grasses with a competitive advantage for long-term sustained production in multicomponent pasture agrophytocenoses. It has been established that the introduction of additional leguminous species into the grass mixture (alfalfa changeable and lotus horned) increases the period of use and increases the yield of a green mass of grass stands. Over the years of research (2013–2018), the highest average yield of green mass was obtained by grass stands with alfalfa variable and young horned — 24.5–28.2 t/ha, which exceeds the traditional grass mixture by 3.5–7.2 t/ha.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF HERBAL RAW MATERIALS AND NUTRIENT REMOVAL IN LONG-TERM MID-RIPENING THREE-CUT CEREAL STANDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Natalya Zhezmer
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Reed Canary Grass ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Third ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Canary Grass ◽  
Brome Grass

The studies were conducted on long-term (1–34th years of use) mid-ripening three-cut agrocenoses. It was found that during irrigation and application of N260P75K220, an increase in the yield of 1 ha compared to non-irrigated grasses when feeding N180P35K160 amounted to 21–23% on the agrocenoses with awnless brome grass and 30–31% with reed canary grass. Consumption of nitrogen by herbs increased by 20–24 (herbage with awnless brome grass) and 27–29% (with reed canary grass), and phosphorus (P2O5) — by 20–25 and 34–35%. The increase in the removal of potassium and calcium during irrigation did not depend on the composition of agrocenoses and amounted to 17–22 (for K2O) and 47–51% (for CaO). With each centner of dry matter is carried out: 2.1–2.2 kg of nitrogen; 2.2–2.4 K2O; 0.6–0.7 P2O5 and 0.6–0.8 kg CaO. Some of these substances are extracted from the grass soil. To maintain the productivity of grass stands at a high level with long-term intensive use of the meadow, the reserves of nutrients available to herbs in the soil are not enough. Multi-cut use of agrocenoses is possible only with the systematic feeding of each subsequent mowing with optimal doses of fertilizers. In the mowing conveyor system, mid-season grass stands allow to extend the harvesting period of high-quality green mass for haylage and silage by 7–10 days in each mowing. The obtained grass raw materials on three-mowing agrocenoses (during irrigation and without irrigation) in terms of the content of crude protein and crude cellulose meet the requirements of GOST in the first mowing on grass stands with awnless brome – the second class, with reed canary grass – of the third class. In the second mowing of all agrocenoses, the raw material mass corresponded to the second class, in the third mowing – to the first class. According to the content of macronutrients (phosphorus, potassium and calcium) in the dry matter of grass raw materials obtained on agrocenoses with awnless brome and reed canary grass during irrigation and natural moisture, the green mass corresponds to zootechnical norms of animal feeding. The use of high-quality bulky feeds prepared from the green mass of the middle link of the raw material conveyor will reduce the consumption of concentrates and mineral additives in the winter diet of animals.

scholarly journals Results of economically valuable indicators of varieties of children's hornous in the selection nursery in the conditions of the Smolensk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vasil'evna Ivanova ◽  
Olga Vasil'evna Kurdakova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
First Year ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Second Year

The article presents the results of a test of new varietal species of baby eagles in a breeding nursery in 2018 - 2019. The options for the first and second year of use were evaluated. The purpose of these studies was to identify the most valuable economic traits of new highly productive varieties for use in further work. Weather and climatic conditions were generally favorable for the wintering and development of plants of horned calves in the spring and summer. During field trials, it was found that in terms of green mass yields in the total over two years of use, the E-25 variant stood out (+ 30.5% to Smolensky 1 standard). Over the entire period of testing, he showed a high and stable increase. It was slightly lower with the E-49 varietomer (+ 24.2%), which showed higher yields in the first year of use than in the second. They also stood out by the yield of air-dry matter (+ 21.4% and + 31.45%, respectively). Such productivity of the plant of horned lamb was shown in the conditions of sowing on slightly acidic loamy soil with a low content of humus, mobile potassium and a high content of phosphorus.

The effects of the long-term application of a wide range of nitrogen rates on the yields from perennial ryegrass swards with and without white clover

1972 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
First Year ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Grass Sward ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

SUMMARYThe yield results are reported for the final 3 years of a 6-year experiment in which twenty-one rates of nitrogen fertilizer ranging from 0 to 800 lb/acre (897 kg/ha) were applied annually on S. 23 perennial ryegrass swards with and without S. 100 white clover. The long-term effects of the treatments on herbage yields are discussed using the results from all 6 years. Four-parameter exponential curves fitted to the herbage yield data from each year show that the response pattern for the pure-grass sward remained relatively constant over the years although the mean annual yields varied slightly. The response of dry-metter yield to nitrogen rate on this sward was almost linear between the 0 and 300 lb nitrogen/acre (336 kg/ha) rates, then it decreased progressively, becoming non-significant about the 500 lb/a ere (560 kg/ha) ra te. Crude-protein yield responded almost linearly up to the 600 lb/acre (673 kg/ha) rate. The average yield responses over the 6 years for the pure-grass sward with nitrogen rates between 0 and 300 lb/acre was 27–8 lb dry matter (range 25·8–29·8 lb) and 4·2 lb crude protein (range 3·8–4·8 lb) per lb of nitrogen applied. At high nitrogen rates the yield curves for the grass and clover sward were similar to those for the pure-grass sward but at low rates the grass and clover sward gave a lower response to nitrogen and a greater yield at each nitrogen rate. The yield response to nitrogen rates between 0 and 300 lb/acre applied on this sward increased from 13·1 lb dry matter/lb of nitrogen in the first year to 20·2 lb in the sixth year. The difference in yield between the grass and clover and the pure-grass swards given no nitrogen fertilizer decreased from 4850 lb dry matter/acre (5440 kg/ha) to 2370 lb/acre (2660 kg/ha) over the same period. Within each year the yield difference between the two swards decreased with increasing nitrogen rate reaching an insignificant value at a rate of about 350 lb/acre (392 kg/ha) in the first year declining to 150 lb/acre (168 kg/ha) in the sixth year. On average the weight of nitrogen required annually on the pure-grass sward to give the same herbage yield as the grass and clover sward receiving no nitrogen was 125 lb/acre (140 kg/ha) on a drymatter basis and 195 lb/acre (219 kg/ha) on a crude protein basis.

scholarly journals Influence of selection on economically valuable characters of plant-microbial populations of red fescue

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 680-687
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Malysheva ◽  
T. B. Nagiev ◽  
N. V. Kovaleva ◽  
L. L. Malyshev
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
First Year ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Sowing Experiment ◽  
Bacterial Preparations ◽  
High Seed Yield ◽  
Term Field

Ecologization of agricultural production and at the same time increasing of its efficiency is possible through the use of bacterial preparations. In long-term field experiments of 2016-2019 valuable characters of plant-microbial populations of red fescue (Festuca rubra L) variety Severnaya 82 of lawn and pasture use were studied after re-inoculation of seeds, obtained from the parent populations, which were also developed after inoculation with rhizosphere microorganisms on the basis of preparations of Mobiline 880, Azorizin 8, Azorizin 6, Flavobacterin, Agrofil and Rizoagrin. In the sowing experiment of 2016, plants of the first year of growth from the population with Mobilin 880 significantly exceeded in height (82 cm) the control plants without seed inoculation (77 cm, LSD05 = 3.5). In the experiment of 2017, the plants of all created plant-microbial populations of the second year of growth exceeded in height (48-50 см) the control variant plants (45 cm, LSD05 = 2.3). According to the yield of green mass in the 2016 experiment, populations of red fescue with Mobilin 880 and Rhizoagrin were distinguished (by 1.1 t/ha with yield in the control of 0.80 t/ha, LSD05 =0.23). The prolongation of the effect of Flavobacteria in the experiment has not been observed. Plant-microbial populations with Azorizin 8 and Mobilin 808 proved to be promision according to the character of high seed yield: in the third generation, they had higher seed productivity (0.144 и 0.152 t/ha, respectively) compared to the control without inoculation (0.076 t/ha, LSD05 = 0.064). To create highly productive plant-microbial populations of red fescue seeds, it is necessary to search among highly productive parent populations inoculated with associative symbionts, followed by inoculation of daughter populations with the same bacterial preparations.

scholarly journals The effect of mineral fertilizers and liming on the properties of sod-podzolic soils and the productivity of legume-grass mixture in the conditions of the Komi Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
N. T. Chebotaryov ◽  
O. V. Brovarova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The research was carried out in 1998-2018 in the conditions of the Komi Republic. Under study was the effectiveness of single application (1983) of lime doses (1.0; 2.0; 2.5 h. a.) and the systematic use of mineral fertilizers (N60P75K75) against the background of lime effect in the cultivation of perennial grass mixtures (meadow clover, meadow timothy and cocksfoot). High efficiency was shown by liming at doses of 2.0 and 2.5 h. a., the effect remained for 35 years since their introduction to the soil. Thus, in 2018, the exchange acidity was 4.5-4.8 pHKCl (the initial 4.1-4.2 pHKCl). A similar decrease was observed in the hydrolytic acidity and the content of exchangeable aluminum in the soil. The amount of humus by 2018 increased to 1.7-1.8 % (the initial 1.4-1.5 %). The average yield of perennial grasses during soil liming at doses of 2.0 and 2.5 h .a. was 24.0-25.1 t/ha of green mass (5.3-5.5 t/ha of good quality dry matter), which is 52.8-59.8 % higher than the variant without fertilizers (15.7 green mass and 3.7 t/ha of dry matter). In the variant with the systematic use of NPK, the exchange acid content of the soil and the humus content remained at the initial level, the amount of the mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium increased to 198 and 121 mg/kg of soil (the initial 42 and 62 mg/kg). The average annual yield of grasses was 25.3 t/ha of green mass (5.4 t/ha dry matter) and was 61.1 and 45.9 % higher than the control. Against the background of the aftereffect of lime flour, the effect of NPK on soil properties was similar to the effect of non-fertilizing cultivation, with the exception of a significant increase in the availability of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium – up to 254-288 and 148-166 mg/kg, respectively. A high yield of green mass of 28.1-30.7 t/ha (6.4-6.7 t/ha dry matter) was obtained, exceeding the control by 78.9-95.5 %. In these variants, grass mixture of high quality was obtained: the content of crude protein – 13.8-13.9 %; dry matter – 21.8-21.9 %; the content of total phosphorus – 0.92-0.94 %; potassium – 2.93-2.95 % and calcium – 0.79-0.81 %. The amount of nitrates in the feed did not exceed the MPC (147-149 mg/kg dry matter). Long-term studies on sod-podzolic poorly cultivated soil showed that the optimal method for the cultivation of long-term legume-cereal grass mixture was the use of lime flour (2.0 and 2.5 h .a.) and the annual use of N60P75K75.

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