Enculturation of Ambon’s Public Spaces as a Tool of Building Inclusivity of Segregated Communities

Beside having significant values that would enrich the Indonesian nation, tribal, cultural, and religious diversity brought seeds of conflicts that could potentially disrupt social order and threaten national unity. The conflicts that occurred in Ambon from 1999 to 2004 were conflict examples that were caused by religious plurality that had appeared many societal problems that could not be fully resolved until today. The trust among Ambon's plural communities had not returned well and it was even worsened by settlement segregation separating Muslim and Christian communities that factually brought potential for further conflicts. In the present life of Ambon’s segregated societ today public spaces inspired by brotherhood and “unity in diversity” spirits thatt could be meeting and socializing means of the communities and to reduce the social polarization were to be absolutely necessary. Unfortunately, the existing public spaces in Ambon for the time being served only as stages of activities and they did not connect with the communities’ social spectrums so that the public spaces remained meaningless. A public space here served just as a witness, not as a means of socializing in accordance with the communities’ cultures and characters. This paper would discuss how to integrate the communities’ cultures and characters into a public space design that had significant meaning in overcoming the polarization of Ambon’s segregated communities. The public space would be designed by taking into account a location choice where two segregated communities could easily meet. In the public space a macro space concept where the sea as the front page of Ambon communities should be applied and even forwarded since such a concept tended to be forgotten. Beside the spatial format, the public space should also be designed by facilitating various cultural-based activities so that the communities’ characteristics that were integrated in the urban culture and daily activities would appear in the public spaces.

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The Improvement of the Comfort of Public Spaces as a Local Initiative in Coping with Climate Change

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11236546 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (23) ◽

pp. 6546 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vukmirovic ◽

Gavrilovic ◽

Stojanovic

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Public Space ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Actual State ◽

Scale Level ◽

The Public ◽

Space Network ◽

Space Design ◽

Public Space Design

Being the vital element of successful cities, public spaces play an important role in achieving sustainable development goals and in coping with climate change. The new urban agenda considers public spaces indispensable for sustaining the productivity of cities, social cohesion and inclusion, civic identity, and quality of life. Accordingly, there is no doubt about the importance of public spaces, while their quality is generated through the symbiosis of various elements. On the basis of normative theories of urban design, several public space design frameworks have been established in order to define what makes a good public place. Such a framework for public space quality evaluation is developed and tested at the Chair for Planning and Design in Landscape Architecture at the University of Belgrade—Faculty of Forestry. The framework covers six criteria which illuminate key aspects of public spaces: safety and security, accessibility, legibility, comfort, inspiration and sensitivity and liveability. In this research, special attention is paid to the criteria of comfort analysed on two scale levels in Belgrade, Serbia. In the past, Belgrade was affected by extreme weather events that caused serious and sometimes disastrous consequences. The most pronounced challenges among them are heat waves in summer that, due to the shortage of vegetation combined with the proliferation of tarmac and concrete surfaces and reduced air ventilation, particularly threaten the densely populated central municipalities of Stari Grad, Savski Venac and Vracar. The first scale level covers the analysis of the public space network and the degree of establishment of green infrastructure in Lower Dorcol quartier, which is located in the Municipality of Stari Grad, using quantitative and qualitative indicators and GIS (Geographic Information System) digital tools. The aim of this study is to observe the actual state of the public space network and to define a future scenario of its development in line with climate change challenges. Jevrejska Street, as an element of the above-mentioned public space network, is the subject of the next phase of the research. The study on this scale level will cover qualitative and quantitative analysis of public space elements such as paving, urban equipment, greenery, lighting, water facilities, etc. Next to that, by using the ENVI Met platform, the actual and proposed improvement of the street will be explored. The final part of this research will include a discussion about the research methodology used in order to improve the public space design process and to point out the need for the careful consideration of comfort as an important aspect of good public space.

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Political Representation In Urban Public Space In Jakarta Child-Friendly Public Space (Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak – RPTRA)

International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability ◽

10.11113/ijbes.v6.n2.351 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 39-49

Author(s):

Eka Permanasari ◽

Sahid Mochtar ◽

Rahma Purisari

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Political Representation ◽

Public Spaces ◽

The Political ◽

Top Down ◽

Urban Architecture ◽

The Public ◽

Space Design ◽

The Government ◽

Participative Design

The design of public space often embodies the power and political representation of a specific regime. As urban architecture symbolizes and establishes the identity of a regime, authorities often use a top-down approach to implement urban architectural programs. As a result, the spaces constructed often display power and identity, but lack consideration of public use. Public spaces are often exclusionary for public use. They merely stand for the representation of the authority. Accordingly, many public spaces built by the government are abandoned soon after their launch. Big ceremonies and public space displays only last a few days before these spaces are then closed to the public or appropriated for different uses. Most top-down approaches focus on the physical development, overlooking the users’ inclusion in decision making. This research analyses the political representation of public space design in RPTRA Bahari located in the South Jakarta. It analyses the political reason behind the development of RPTRA in Jakarta and the way participative design approach is employed during the design process to get public engagement in public space. Therefore, it investigates how the political representation is perceived in everyday life by analysing how the public space has been used three years since its launch. Through observation and interviews, this paper interrogates the political representation in urban forms and how public spaces become an arena where the government’s intentions and everyday uses meet. It concludes that a participative, bottom-up approach leads to more public use and engagement.

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OPTIMASI LAHAN TERLANTAR MENJADI RUANG PUBLIK DI KAMPUNG KOTA; Studi Kasus: Lahan Terlantar Kampung Badran RW. 09, Yogyakarta

Jurnal Arsitektur KOMPOSISI ◽

10.24002/jars.v11i5.1295 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 217

Author(s):

Wiliarto Wirasmoyo

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Public Spaces ◽

City Center ◽

Open Spaces ◽

The Public ◽

Inappropriate Use ◽

Space Design ◽

Almost All ◽

The City ◽

Public Space Design

Abstract: The urban kampong is a phenomenon created by the uncontrolled growth of the city and the inappropriate use of land. The city of Yogyakarta is known as a city of culture and tourism, inhabited by communities living around the city center. The area around downtown Yogyakarta has a high population density, so that almost all roads and rivers are filled with settlements (kampong), leaving a small portion for urban open spaces. Kampung Badran is a kampong-kota located in the center of economic activity of Yogyakarta city. Uncontrolled land use in the kampong Badran produces displaced space among the houses. The effort to transform displaced space into public spaces is an alternative to creating public spaces for citizens. The purpose of the research is the direction of optimization of multifunctional public space design that is suitable with the needs of Badran villagers. The results of the design optimization of displaced space were positive, that is, the public space became active, increased in quality and beneficial to the citizens because it suited their needs.Keywords: urban kampong, displaced space, public space, optimization.Abstrak: Kampung kota merupakan fenomena yang tercipta akibat dari pertumbuhan kota yang tidak terkendali dan pemanfaatan lahan yang tidak sesuai peruntukan. Kota Yogyakarta dikenal sebagai kota budaya dan pariwisata, dihuni komunitas masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar pusat kota. Kawasan sekitar pusat kota Yogyakarta memiliki tingkat kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi, sehingga hampir semua tepian jalan dan sungai terisi permukiman (kampung), dan menyisakan sebagian kecil untuk ruang terbuka kota. Kampung Badran merupakan kampung-kota terletak di pusat kegiatan ekonomi kota Yogyakarta. Penggunaan lahan yang tidak terkendali di kampung Badran menghasilkan lahan-lahan terlantar di antara rumah-rumah warga. Upaya mengubah lahan terlantar menjadi ruang publik merupakan alternatif menciptakan ruang publik bagi warga. Tujuan penelitian adalah arahan optimasi desain ruang publik multifungsi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan warga kampung Badran. Hasil optimasi desain lahan terlantar ternyata positif, yaitu ruang publik menjadi aktif, meningkat kualitasnya dan bermanfaat bagi warga karena cocok dengan kebutuhan mereka.Kata kunci: kampung kota, lahan terlantar, ruang publik, optimasi

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Przestrzeń publiczna Kampusu Morasko w Poznaniu w opinii studentów

Prace Geograficzne ◽

10.4467/20833113pg.20.017.13213 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 33-50

Author(s):

Barbara Konecka-Szydłowska

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Urban Space ◽

Social Order ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Differential Method ◽

Town Planning ◽

The Public ◽

Peripheral Location ◽

The One ◽

Geological Sciences

Public space of the Morasko Campus in Poznań in the opinion of students Public spaces are an important part of urban space. The paper presents the results of the research on the assessment of the public space of the Morasko Campus situated in the northern part of Poznan. The analysis covers the years 2006 and 2017 and uses the semantic differential method worked out by Osgood, Succi and Tannenbaum in 1957. The study of public space was conducted in terms of five basic categories of spatial order: (1) town-planning – architectural order, (2) functional order, (3) aesthetic order, (4) social order and (5) ecological order. The obtained results show that, in the opinion of students, the Morasko space obtained a higher assessment in all the categories over the study period (an increase in the average assessment from 3.9 to 4.8). In 2017, ecological order was the category assessed highest , and functional order the one assessed lowest,. In the studied years the Campus space was assessed lowest by the students of the Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, which was caused by its peripheral location. Due to the great importance of the natural values of the Campus, their detailed description is presented at the end of the study. Zarys treści: Ważną częścią przestrzeni miejskiej są przestrzenie publiczne. W opracowaniu zaprezentowano wyniki badań na temat oceny przestrzeni Kampusu Morasko, położonego w północnej części Poznania. Zakres czasowy analizy obejmuje zasadniczo lata 2006 i 2017. W opracowaniu posłużono się metodą dyferencjału semantycznego opracowaną przez Osgooda, Succiego i Tannenbauma w 1957 r. Badanie przestrzeni publicznej przeprowadzono w odniesieniu do pięciu podstawowych kategorii ładu przestrzennego: 1) ładu urbanistyczno-architektonicznego, 2) ładu funkcjonalnego, 3) ładu estetycznego, 4) ładu społecznego oraz 5) ładu ekologicznego. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają stwierdzić, że zdaniem studentów w badanym okresie nastąpił wzrost oceny przestrzeni Kampusu Morasko we wszystkich kategoriach (wzrost średniej oceny syntetycznej z 3,9 do 4,8). W 2017 r. zdecydowanie najwyżej ocenianą kategorią był ład ekologiczny, a najniżej ład funkcjonalny. W badanych latach najgorzej przestrzeń Kampusu oceniali studenci Wydziału Nauk Geograficznych i Geologicznych, co spowodowane było peryferyjną lokalizacją tego wydziału. Ze względu na duże znaczenie walorów przyrodniczych Kampusu w końcowej części pracy przeprowadzono ich pogłębioną charakterystykę.

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Participatory Design of Space

EAAE Annual Conference Proceedings ◽

10.51588/eaaeacp.36 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 192-197

Author(s):

Kristina Careva ◽

Rene Lisac

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Participatory Design ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Small Scale ◽

Business Sector ◽

Conceptual Level ◽

The Public ◽

Space Design ◽

Viable Solution ◽

Elective Course

Complexity of the 20th century society, along with strong professions' specialization, led to separation between all participants in the developing processes, especially in public spaces design. Lack of cohesion and consensus along with poor communication between professions, citizens, government and business sector, resulted in new participative and interdisciplinary trends emerging in the 21st century to bring sectors back together. Students' education must follow these trends, as their orientation in shaping the desirable futures. Elective course ‘Participatory design of space’ (POP) is planned as a faculty-based fieldwork workshop that gives students the opportunity to become acquainted with participatory methods in space design. In this way, the user's opinion is included in the cognitive fund when drafting the conceptual solution of a small-scale task in the public space or in any area of interaction. Students learn to identify and critically evaluate participatory content, to generate the conceptual level of planning — intent, to discuss it with users, to translate it directly and recognizably into a viable solution, to present it successfully, and to participate in the realization.

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Pop-Up Planning

10.1093/oso/9780190691332.003.0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Gordon C.C. Douglas

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Aesthetic Experience ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Cultural Value ◽

Space Design ◽

Creative Placemaking ◽

Tactical Urbanism ◽

Social Environmental ◽

Public Space Design

Chapter 6 looks at the world of official urban planning and placemaking, providing different perspectives on its relationship to DIY urbanism. Through the voices of professional planners, the chapter explores their conflicted opinions on DIY approaches: criticizing their informality and emphasizing the importance of regulations and accountability for everything from basic functionality to social equity, yet sympathetic to do-it-yourselfers’ frustrations and often excited to adopt their tactics, harness their energy, and exploit their cultural value. The chapter then describes how some DIY projects have found pathways to formal adoption and inspired popular “tactical urbanism” and “creative placemaking” approaches to public space design. Many such interventions can result in innovative public spaces with social, environmental, and economic benefits. But the reproduction of an aesthetic experience selectively inspired by a hip grassroots trend and combined with “creative class” values can mark the resulting spaces themselves as elite and exclusionary.

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‘Party in the street’: The partisan politics of space

Environment and Planning C Politics and Space ◽

10.1177/23996544211033875 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 239965442110338

Author(s):

David Jenkins ◽

Lipin Ram

Keyword(s):

Public Sphere ◽

Public Space ◽

State Power ◽

Public Spaces ◽

The State ◽

Political Community ◽

Democratic Legitimacy ◽

Partisan Politics ◽

The Public ◽

The Public Sphere

Public space is often understood as an important ‘node’ of the public sphere. Typically, theorists of public space argue that it is through the trust, civility and openness to others which citizens cultivate within a democracy’s public spaces, that they learn how to relate to one another as fellow members of a shared polity. However, such theorizing fails to articulate how these democratic comportments learned within public spaces relate to the public sphere’s purported role in holding state power to account. In this paper, we examine the ways in which what we call ‘partisan interventions’ into public space can correct for this gap. Using the example of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPIM), we argue that the ways in which CPIM partisans actively cultivate sites of historical regional importance – such as in the village of Kayyur – should be understood as an aspect of the party’s more general concern to present itself to citizens as an agent both capable and worthy of wielding state power. Drawing on histories of supreme partisan contribution and sacrifice, the party influences the ideational background – in competition with other parties – against which it stakes its claims to democratic legitimacy. In contrast to those theorizations of public space that celebrate its separateness from the institutions of formal democratic politics and the state more broadly, the CPIM’s partisan interventions demonstrate how parties’ locations at the intersections of the state and civil society can connect the public sphere to its task of holding state power to account, thereby bringing the explicitly political questions of democratic legitimacy into the everyday spaces of a political community.

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Activating Data through Eco-Didactic Design in the Public Realm: Enabling Sustainable Development in Cities

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13084577 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 4577

Author(s):

Carmela Cucuzzella ◽

Morteza Hazbei ◽

Sherif Goubran

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Public Space ◽

Knowledge Exchange ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Public Realm ◽

Design Data ◽

Art And Design ◽

The Public ◽

Community Based Design ◽

The City

This paper explores how design in the public realm can integrate city data to help disseminate the information embedded within it and provide urban opportunities for knowledge exchange. The hypothesis is that such art and design practices in public spaces, as places of knowledge exchange, may enable more sustainable communities and cities through the visualization of data. To achieve this, we developed a methodology to compare various design approaches for integrating three main elements in public-space design projects: city data, specific issues of sustainability, and varying methods for activating the data. To test this methodology, we applied it to a pedogeological project where students were required to render city data visible. We analyze the proposals presented by the young designers to understand their approaches to design, data, and education. We study how they “educate” and “dialogue” with the community about sustainable issues. Specifically, the research attempts to answer the following questions: (1) How can we use data in the design of public spaces as a means for sustainability knowledge exchange in the city? (2) How can community-based design contribute to innovative data collection and dissemination for advancing sustainability in the city? (3) What are the overlaps between the projects’ intended impacts and the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? Our findings suggest that there is a need for such creative practices, as they make information available to the community, using unconventional methods. Furthermore, more research is needed to better understand the short- and long-term outcomes of these works in the public realm.

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Planning the Urban Waterfront Transformation, from Infrastructures to Public Space Design in a Sea-Level Rise Scenario: The European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture Case

Water ◽

10.3390/w13020218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 218

Author(s):

Francesca Dal Cin ◽

Fransje Hooimeijer ◽

Maria Matos Silva

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Sea Level ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Public Spaces ◽

The European Union ◽

Space Design ◽

Urban Waterfront ◽

Mies Van Der Rohe ◽

The Impact

Future sea-level rises on the urban waterfront of coastal and riverbanks cities will not be uniform. The impact of floods is exacerbated by population density in nearshore urban areas, and combined with land conversion and urbanization, the vulnerability of coastal towns and public spaces in particular is significantly increased. The empirical analysis of a selected number of waterfront projects, namely the winners of the Mies Van Der Rohe Prize, highlighted the different morphological characteristics of public spaces, in relation to the approximation to the water body: near the shoreline, in and on water. The critical reading of selected architectures related to water is open to multiple insights, allowing to shift the design attention from the building to the public space on the waterfronts. The survey makes it possible to delineate contemporary features and lay the framework for urban development in coastal or riverside areas.

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Reconceptualizing the Public Spaces of New Urban Areas in Hanoi: The End or the New of Public-Making?

International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering Technology ◽

10.30880/ijscet.2021.12.01.026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Minh-Tung Tran ◽

◽

Tien-Hau Phan ◽

Ngoc-Huyen Chu ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Public Spaces ◽

The Public ◽

Doi Moi ◽

The World ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City ◽

Neighborhood Level

Public spaces are designed and managed in many different ways. In Hanoi, after the Doi moi policy in 1986, the transfer of the public spaces creation at the neighborhood-level to the private sector has prospered na-ture of public and added a large amount of public space for the city, directly impacting on citizen's daily life, creating a new trend, new concept of public spaces. This article looks forward to understanding the public spaces-making and operating in KDTMs (Khu Do Thi Moi - new urban areas) in Hanoi to answer the question of whether ‘socialization’/privatization of these public spaces will put an end to the urban public or the new means of public-making trend. Based on the comparison and literature review of studies in the world on public spaces privatization with domestic studies to see the differences in the Vietnamese context leading to differences in definitions and roles and the concept of public spaces in KDTMs of Hanoi. Through adducing and analyzing practical cases, the article also mentions the trends, the issues, the ways and the technologies of public-making and public-spaces-making in KDTMs of Hanoi. Win/loss and the relationship of the three most important influential actors in this process (municipality, KDTM owners, inhabitants/citizens) is also considered to reconceptualize the public spaces of KDTMs in Hanoi.

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