scholarly journals Emergence of Primary Teeth in Children of Sunsari District of Eastern Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Gupta ◽  
SS Hiremath ◽  
SK Singh ◽  
S Poudyal ◽  
SR Niraula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Activities

ABSTRACT: This study assessed the timing and eruption sequence of primary teeth in children of Sunsari district of Eastern Nepal and compared the eruption pattern of males & females between various, ethnic groups. Method: This cross-sectional study, included 501 subjects, aged 3 months to 60 months selected by simple random sampling method. The determinant variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, and eruption of teeth were recorded. Results: This study provides a model data on emergence of primary teeth and number of deciduous teeth in these children. This is a first study of its kind in Nepal. The findings of this study will help as a reference data for optimal use in clinical, academic, and research activities, especially for children of Eastern Nepal.

scholarly journals Prevention of the incidence of diarrhea in infants through hygiene of milk bottles

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Bella Putri Lanida ◽  
Farapti Farapti
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Diarrhea is the fourth largest cause of death among children aged less than 5 years. One of the causes of diarrheal diseases in infants is a milk bottle that is not hygiene. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze how to maintain the hygiene of milk bottles in preventing the incidence of diarrhea in infants in Sidotopo Village, Semampir District, Surabaya City. Methods:  This study was an observational analytic study with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were mothers who had children under five in Sidotopo Village, Semampir District, Surabaya City. The research sample was taken using simple random sampling method with calculations based on Slovin formula so that the samples obtained were 60 toddlers. Data collection was conducted from 2 January - 5 February 2018 Data collection using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Data analysis using the chi-square test. Results: This study showed that the technique of maintaining the hygiene of milk bottles can prevent the incidence of diarrhea in infants (p <0.05). The results of the chi square test showed a significant relationship between the technique of washing hands with soap using soap and not using soap with the incidence of diarrhea (p = 0.03), but the results of testing on the behavior of hand washing habits of mothers with diarrhea showed insignificant results (p = 0.27). Conclusion: There is a relationship between techniques in maintaining the hygiene of milk bottles with efforts to prevent the occurrence of diarrhea in Sidotopo Village, Semampir District, Surabaya City.

scholarly journals Sleep pattern among the medical students in Western Odisha

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2245
Author(s):  
Mamata Rani Giri ◽  
Arun Kumar Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inadequate Sleep

Background: Adequate sleep is required for optimal functioning of human body and mind. Attention and concentration difficulties are related to inadequate sleep among the students. Medical students are considered a stressful group of students because of their hectic schedule. The present study was carried out to know the sleeping pattern among the medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in VIMSAR, Burla, Sambalpur in 2016 among the MBBS Students. Fifty students from each batch were selected by simple random sampling method. Information were collected in a pre-designed pretested questionnaire and was analyzed with Ms-Excel.Results: One hundred and fifty students were selected as the study subjects. The mean bed time during working days was found to be 11:22 pm. Majority of the students 70 (46.6%) were going to bed between 11-12 am. The mean wake up time during working days was 6:52 am and week end was 8:14 am. 75 (50%) students sleep for 6 hours and 42 minutes. 7 (6%) students sleep for 4 hours and 30 minutes. The mean duration of sleep in working days was 6 hours and 46 minutes and in the weekend was 7 hours and 34 minutes.Conclusions: There was less duration of sleep as compared to the recommended sleep duration along with the increase in the mean bed time sleep. It is a concern for the students to prevent the sleep disorder development in future.

scholarly journals Cyberbullying and Its Contributing Factors Among Iranian Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Shariatpanahi ◽  
Kia Tahouri ◽  
Mahsa Asadabadi ◽  
Atousa Moienafshar ◽  
Maryam Nazari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Virtual Tools

Background: Adolescents’ exposure to new communication systems via the Internet and mobile phone can be detrimental if cyberbullying is the case. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cyberbullying and detect its contributing factors. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in four girls’ and boys’ high schools in District 17, Tehran, Iran. The research sample was selected using the simple random sampling method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire encompassing three sections (namely, the experience of being cyberbullied, the experience of attempts at cyberbullying, and close friends’ exposure to cyberbullying). Results: Eighty-five of the respondents (29.82%) had experienced being cyberbullied, 89 persons (30.90%) had made attempts at cyberbullying, and 117 individuals (40.62%) had friends being cyberbullied. Female gender and secondary high school education significantly increased the likelihood of attempts at cyberbullying and being cyberbullied (P < 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between an increase in time to use virtual tools per week and aging with attempts at cyberbullying (P < 0.001). There was also a significant relationship between being cyberbullied and attempts at cyberbullying (P < 0.001). Conclusions: According to the study findings, the authorities are recommended to implement appropriate educational programs to increase adolescents’ awareness of cyberbullying and culturalization to exploit new communication tools at the school and community levels.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Perawat Rawat Inap dalam Menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri di RSUD Langsa Tahun 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Indra Agussamad ◽  
Maya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Perawat merupakan petugas kesehatan dengan presentasi terbesar dan memegang peranan penting dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan.WHO (2013) mencatat, dari 39,47 juta petugas kesehatan di seluruh dunia, 66,7%-nya adalah perawat. Di Indonesia, perawat juga merupakan bagian terbesar dari tenaga kesehatan yang bertugas di rumah sakit yaitu sekitar 47,08% dan paling banyak berinteraksi dengan pasien. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain cross sectional study dengan jumlah sampel 72 perawat dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling,dan penelitian ini secara univariat dan bivariat dengan Chy-Square yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan, pengawasan, motivasi, sikap dan ketersediaan alat terhadap kepatuhan perawat rawat inap dalam menggunakan alat pelindung diri dengan(p-value< 0,05).

scholarly journals A prevalence study on hypertension among practising advocates in Madurai

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
P. Praveena ◽  
Shanthi Edward
Keyword(s):  
Care Management ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
District Court ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Control ◽  
Health Counsellor

Background: In recent years, the practice of law is demanding and exceedingly stressful occupation. Main factors concerned are, being overloaded with work, unsupported, lack of appreciation, long hours, unattainable targets. Even the most balanced and well-adjusted advocates at some point eventually succumbs to the pressures of working in the legal field. It causes hypertension and a great impact on ones’well being. Hence the main objective of the study is to find out the prevalence of hypertension among practising advocates, thereby effective measures can be taken to prevent and control hypertension and its complications.Methods: : A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 300 practising advocates at Madurai district court for a period of 1 year by simple random sampling method.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension among the practising advocates was found to be 41% (123). Among the 123 hypertensives, 56 (18.7%) were known hypertensives and 67 (22.3%) were newly detected hypertensives.Conclusions: The cause for hypertension among the advocates may be due to hectic work pressure. Advocates being professionals are well educated and informative. Regular adoption of basic life style modification practices, short vacations, arrangement of health camps in court premises with guidance of bar council association, recruitment of health counsellor in Bar Council Association for health educating and counselling the advocates, regular monitoring of health status by self-care management can control and prevent hypentension.

scholarly journals LAMA PENGUNAAN KONTRASEPSI PIL DAN SUNTIK PADA WANITA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Immawanti Immawanti ◽  
Junaedi Yunding
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRAK Penggunaan metode kontrasepsi hormonal dalam waktu lama dapat menimbulkan efek samping salah satunya adalah peningkatan tekanan darah atau hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan lama penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal jenis pil dan suntik pada wanita pasangan usia subur dengan kejadian hipertensi. Rancangan penelitian ini merupakan survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Sampel sebanyak 67 wanita pasangan usia subur, sampel diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah spignomanometer dan lembar kuisioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan ada hubungan lama penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal pil (p=0,00) dan kontrasepsi hormonal suntik (p=0,01) dengan kejadian hipertensi pada wanita pasangan usia subur. Diharapkan instansi terkait untuk memberikan informasi tentang kelebihan dan kelemahan penggunaan jenis kontrasepsi bagi calon akseptor. Kata Kunci : hipertensi, kontrasepsi pil, kontrasepsi suntik, lama pemakaian

scholarly journals FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI PADA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR DI DESA LOHBENER KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-182
Author(s):  
Hairil Akbar Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
R Value

Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) adalah usaha untuk mengukur jumlah dan jarak anak yang diinginkan, untuk mencapai hal tersebut dibuatlah beberapa cara untuk mencegah ataupun menunda kehamilan, walaupun dalam pelaksanaannya pelayanan KB yang berkualitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi pada pada pasangan usia subur di Desa Lohbener Kabupaten Indramayu.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional, dengan desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian yaitu semua wanita Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) yang berusia 15-49 tahun dan berstatus menikah, sedangkan sampel pada penelitian ini sebagian dari wanita Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) yang berusia 15-49 tahun dan berstatus menikah di Desa Lohbener Kabupaten Indramayu. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Simple Random Sampling dan menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi logistik, faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi pada ibu PUS di Desa Lohbener Kabupaten Indramayu yaitu dukungan suami (r value = 0,000; CI:4,229-70,362), dan pengetahuan (rvalue = 0,000; CI:3,012-34,233), sedangkan faktor yang tidak berhubungan yaitu status pekerjaan (rvalue = 0,577; CI:0,214-15,902), paritas (r value = 0,319; CI:0,193-1,710), dan akses pelayanan keluarga berencana (r value = 0,984; CI:0,315-3,250) dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi pada PUS di Desa Lohbener Kabupaten Indramayu. Diharapkan para ibu PUS dengan usia ≥ 20 tahun untuk lebih memperhatikan kesehatan dengan perencanaan yang baik dalam keluarga seperti mengatur jumlah kelahiran, menjarangkan kehamilan, dan lebih aktif berkonsultasi pada pihak tenaga kesehatan untuk melakukan program KB.   Kata Kunci : , Pengetahuan, Dukungan Suami

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN UMUR DAN JUMLAH ANAK TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN METODE KONTRASEPSI DI PUSKESMAS BULAK BANTENG SURABAYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Nur Dewiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Kontrasepsi merupakan salah satu alat yang dapat dilakukan masyarakat untuk membantu mengendalikan lajunya pertambahan penduduk. Jumlah pengguna metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang masih rendah dibandingkan non metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang yang peminatnya masih tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan metode kontrasepsi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bulak Banteng Surabaya. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional, dengan desain menurut waktumya bersifat cross sectional study. Subjek diambil dari populasi dengan cara simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh faktor setiap variabel bebas terhadap penggunaan metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua wanita PUS (Pasangan Usia Subur) berusia 15-49 tahun yang merupakan akseptor KB metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang dan non metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang yang bertempat tinggal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bulak Banteng Surabaya. Variabel bebas yang digunakan adalah usia dan jumlah anak yang dimiliki responden. Variabel terikat yang digunakan adalah penggunaan metode kontrasepsi. Didapatkan jumlah sebanyak 94 responden. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa usia responden tidak memiliki hubungan dengan penggunaan metode konrasepsi (p=0,074 > α=0,05) sedangkan pada jumlah anak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan penggunaan metode kontrasepsi (p=0,048 < α=0,05).

scholarly journals A study on associated risks of smoking, alcohol and smokeless tobacco on hypertension among advocates

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5114
Author(s):  
Shanthi Edward ◽  
Praveena Periasamy
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
District Court ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Advocates, being stressed out and depressed in the law profession due to unstable work pattern, work overload and lack in coping up skills. They thrive a lot to survive in the profession. In such circumstances, lawyers may lean on alcohol or tobacco. In view of above issues, one of the main objectives of the study is to evaluate the association between use of alcohol, tobacco, smoking and hypertension among practising advocates.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 300 practising advocates at Madurai district court for a period of 1 year by simple random sampling method. Data was collected using structured interview schedule and analysed using SPSS.Results: Around 263 (87.66%) study participants were non-smokers and 37 (12.33%) were tobacco smokers. Among the tobacco smokers, a majority of 24 (64.86%) were found to be hypertensives (p=0.002). In the current study among the alcohol consumers, a majority of 26 (55.32%) were hypertensives and among the non-consumers of alcohol, only 38.34% were hypertensives (p=0.044).Conclusions: Advocates being professionals are well educated, informative and aware of complications. Adoption of healthy life style practices, the prevalence of hypertension may be reduced among the advocate community. Life style modifications such as cessation of smoking, alcohol and tobacco should be adopted. Promotive activities like arrangement of health camps in the court, health education, counselling on self-care, stress bursting leisure time activities would reduce the dependency on tobacco and alcohol.

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