scholarly journals A study on associated risks of smoking, alcohol and smokeless tobacco on hypertension among advocates

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5114
Author(s):  
Shanthi Edward ◽  
Praveena Periasamy
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
District Court ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Advocates, being stressed out and depressed in the law profession due to unstable work pattern, work overload and lack in coping up skills. They thrive a lot to survive in the profession. In such circumstances, lawyers may lean on alcohol or tobacco. In view of above issues, one of the main objectives of the study is to evaluate the association between use of alcohol, tobacco, smoking and hypertension among practising advocates.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 300 practising advocates at Madurai district court for a period of 1 year by simple random sampling method. Data was collected using structured interview schedule and analysed using SPSS.Results: Around 263 (87.66%) study participants were non-smokers and 37 (12.33%) were tobacco smokers. Among the tobacco smokers, a majority of 24 (64.86%) were found to be hypertensives (p=0.002). In the current study among the alcohol consumers, a majority of 26 (55.32%) were hypertensives and among the non-consumers of alcohol, only 38.34% were hypertensives (p=0.044).Conclusions: Advocates being professionals are well educated, informative and aware of complications. Adoption of healthy life style practices, the prevalence of hypertension may be reduced among the advocate community. Life style modifications such as cessation of smoking, alcohol and tobacco should be adopted. Promotive activities like arrangement of health camps in the court, health education, counselling on self-care, stress bursting leisure time activities would reduce the dependency on tobacco and alcohol.

scholarly journals Is stress an important co morbid factor for hypertension among legal professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1899
Author(s):  
L. Kannan ◽  
Praveena P.
Keyword(s):  
High Stress ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
District Court ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Legal Professionals ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Stress is a mental, physical and emotional response to life demands. Long hours of work, client demands, changing laws- creates stress and eventually hypertension among advocates. Well-being of the advocates are being questioned. Hence the main objective of the study is to evaluate the relationship between stress and hypertension among practising advocates.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 300 practising advocates at Madurai district court for a period of 1 year by simple random sampling method.Results: Around 133 (44.33%) and 167 (55.66%) of study participants were in level of high stress and low stress respectively. Among high stressed participants, a majority of 113 (84.96%) were found to be hypertensives and among the low stressed participants only 10 (5.98%) were hypertensives. The difference of observation was found to be statistically significant (p=0.0000).Conclusions: In conclusion the study explains that practising advocates with high perceived stress 113 (84.96%) were found to be hypertensives. Stress has a significant association with hypertension. The right way to manage stress is to implement coping strategies.

scholarly journals Awareness towards Disposal of Unused Medication in District Shaheed Benazirabad Sindh

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Ghulam Abbas Kaloi ◽  
Imran Suheryani ◽  
Muhammad Ali Ghoto ◽  
Ubed-ur-Rehman Mughal ◽  
Razia Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Established Fact ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Proper Disposal

Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine level of awareness about proper disposal of unused medicine. It is a growing problem. People directly dispose unused medicines into waste or flush into sink. Finally, these improperly disposed medicines mix with wastewater leach out into sea water, ground water, drinking water and effect human and other forms of life and develop microbial resistance and accidental poising and various societal repercussion. Confusion exists in people about proper disposal of unused medicine. Despite of already available guidelines people very rarely follow proper disposal methods. Particularly in developing countries situation is very alarming. It is well established fact that knowledge and level of awareness play pivotal role for practice of proper disposal methods. Study Design: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Methodology: This study was conducted in Nawab Shah and its vicinities: Sakrand, Kaziahamed, Bachalpur, during September 2019 to May 2020. The number of participants were included in the study according Slovin's Formula. The simple random sampling method was used to select participants. The level of awareness about proper disposal of unused medicine of 400 participants was assessed through a well-designed questionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed to the participants at their homes with the help of volunteers. The descriptive statistics were analyzed through latest version of MS excel 2016. Results: Out of 400, 320 (80%) of the participants admitted have no knowledge for proper disposal of unused medicines. 185 (46.25%) of the participants viewed throwing unused medicines into waste was correct. Whereas 176 (44%) of the participants believed improperly thrown medicines has no effect on environment. Conclusion: The level of knowledge about proper disposal of unused medicine was found very low in study participants. It is suggested government should incorporate guidelines about the harmful effects of improper disposal of unused medicines in curriculum at primary level of education.

scholarly journals A prevalence study on hypertension among practising advocates in Madurai

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
P. Praveena ◽  
Shanthi Edward
Keyword(s):  
Care Management ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
District Court ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Control ◽  
Health Counsellor

Background: In recent years, the practice of law is demanding and exceedingly stressful occupation. Main factors concerned are, being overloaded with work, unsupported, lack of appreciation, long hours, unattainable targets. Even the most balanced and well-adjusted advocates at some point eventually succumbs to the pressures of working in the legal field. It causes hypertension and a great impact on ones’well being. Hence the main objective of the study is to find out the prevalence of hypertension among practising advocates, thereby effective measures can be taken to prevent and control hypertension and its complications.Methods: : A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 300 practising advocates at Madurai district court for a period of 1 year by simple random sampling method.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension among the practising advocates was found to be 41% (123). Among the 123 hypertensives, 56 (18.7%) were known hypertensives and 67 (22.3%) were newly detected hypertensives.Conclusions: The cause for hypertension among the advocates may be due to hectic work pressure. Advocates being professionals are well educated and informative. Regular adoption of basic life style modification practices, short vacations, arrangement of health camps in court premises with guidance of bar council association, recruitment of health counsellor in Bar Council Association for health educating and counselling the advocates, regular monitoring of health status by self-care management can control and prevent hypentension.

scholarly journals Relationship between awareness and attitude with health and foodsafety among students of Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Arezou Khezerlou ◽  
Nasim Zolfaghari Firouzsalari ◽  
Hajar Zolfaghari ◽  
Mahmood Alizadeh sani ◽  
Maryam Azizi-lalabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Freshmen Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Life Style

Introduction: Healthy life style and food safety are among the most crucial elements inpromoting community health. This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the awarenessand attitudes of the students of Urmia University, Urmai, Iran, regarding health and food safety. Methods: The questionnaire used was designed in three parts (demographic, attitude, andawareness) and it was completed by 384 students. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: Results showed that over 80% of the students had positive attitude towards health and foodsafety. In addition, almost 50% of the subjects had low awareness on the most appropriate plasticcontainers to keep food healthy. Findings indicated that there was a significant difference between thestudents' attitudes and their academic level (P = 0.008). No significant differences were found amongstudents' awareness and attitude considering gender and passing the food safety course. Cocnclusion: As the study findings revealed, training programs and workshops related to healthand food safety could be effective, specially for freshmen students.

scholarly journals Burnout among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu; A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253808
Author(s):  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Nagendra Katuwal ◽  
Ayush Tamang ◽  
Agrima Paudel ◽  
Anu Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background Medical students are more prone to burnout than the general population and students of other faculties due to the demanding nature of medical education with limited time and resources. Burnout has a negative impact on the academics and personal life of the students which can continue into their professional life and ultimately hamper patient care. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of burnout among medical students of a medical college and find its association with age, gender, and year of study. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu, Nepal from 14 January to 7 March, 2021. Stratified sampling followed by a simple random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire using the English version of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory adapted for students (OLBI-S) and analyzed in STATA version 15. Results The prevalence of burnout was found out to be 65.9% (n = 229). And of the remaining, 12.7% were exhausted, 11.4% were disengaged and 10.0% were neither exhausted nor disengaged. Burnout had no significant association with age in years, gender, and year of study. Conclusions This study shows an alarming prevalence of burnout in almost two-thirds of medical students. These results indicate the necessity of employing effective strategies by relevant authorities for the mental well-being of future physicians. Further multicenter prospective studies are required for a better understanding of the prevalence and associated factors of burnout.

scholarly journals Socio-cultural barriers for menstrual hygiene management among adolescent school girls of southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1868
Author(s):  
Logeswari K. ◽  
Jeram Parmar ◽  
Deodatt M. Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Participants

Background: India is home to 20% of the world’s adolescent population, with 1 in 10 children currently experiencing puberty. Menstruation, a physiological process in females is influenced not only by race, nutrition and heredity but also by the socio-cultural milieu. In Indian society, the social and cultural restrictions influence the knowledge, attitudes and the practices of adolescent girls towards menstrual hygiene. The present study was carried out to find out the level of knowledge, attitude and practice and the restrictions they face during the process of menstruation.Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study where 489 adolescent school going females of the age group of 13-15 were recruited using simple random sampling from a cluster of schools and interviewed using a semi structured questionnaire for their knowledge, attitudes, practices and the restrictions they face during menstruation. A scoring system was adopted and categorised as poor, average and good.Results: 423 (88.6%) participants demonstrated average to poor knowledge scores, while 279 (57.1%) participants demonstrated average to poor practice scores. There was a significant difference observed between the educational status of mother (p=0.041) and the knowledge scores of study participants. There was no correlation observed between the monthly per capita income of households and the knowledge (r=0.097) and practice scores (r=0.0034). 375 (76%) study participants faced multiple restrictions during menstruation like not allowed to pray or visit temples (93.6%), total seclusion (74.6%), wash clothes separately (74.6%), sleep on floor (74.6%), restriction on leisure (70.4%), eat out of separate utensils (70.4%), and restriction on consumption of food items (49.8%).Conclusions: Knowledge and practices regarding menstrual hygiene was low among study participants and was influenced by various prevalent socio-cultural restrictions. 

scholarly journals Faktor Lingkungan dan Perilaku Masyarakat Tentang Malaria di Kecamatan Kupang Timur Kabupaten Kupang

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Karolus Ngambut ◽  
Oktafianus Sila
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Community Behavior ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Quota Sampling

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan faktor lingkungan dan perilaku masyarakat tentang malaria di Kecamatan Kupang Timur Kabupaten Kupang. Dengan desain studi potong lintang, populasi penelitian adalah seluruh rumah tangga di Kecamatan Kupang Timur dengan metode simple random sampling dan diperoleh 185 rumah tangga yang dijadikan sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalens malaria klinis adalah 108 (14,4%) pada satu tahun terakhir. Gambaran faktor lingkungan rumah penderita malaria yaitu dinding rumah terbuat dari bebak dan papan masing-masing 43,6% dan 7,9%. Selain itu, atap rumah terbuat dari alangalang atau daun lontar (21,1%). Sementara letak rumah dekat dengan breding places nyamuk anopheles, yaitu sawah dan lagoon sebanyak (84%). Gambaran perilaku masyarakat dalam mencegah menceggah malaria menunjukkan 5,7% masyarakat tidak melakukan apapun untuk melindungi diri dari gigitan nyamuk. Sebanyak 74,4% masyarakat kadang-kadang menggunakan kelambu. Dalam hal perilaku pencarian pengobatan, sebanyak 49% masyarakat menggunakan obat tradisional, membeli obat di warung terdekat dan ada yang tidak melakukan apapun. Selain itu, sebagian besar penderita mencari pertolongan kepada tenaga kesehatan setelah lebih dari empat hari mendapat gejala. Disimpulkan bahwa kondisi fisik rumah dan lingkungan sekitar rumah serta perilaku berisiko masyarakat merupakan faktor determinan penting terjadinya terjadi malaria di wilayah Kabupaten Kupang. Disarankan upaya preventif dengan perbaikan lingkungan rumah dan promotif untuk perubahan perilaku perlu di perhatikan secara serius.The aims of this research was to identify the environment factors and the behavior factors related to the malaria in the. Using cross-sectional study design, the population was all households in the Kecamatan Kupang Timur Kabupaten Kupang. Used a simple random quota sampling method, the number of 185 households were as a respondents. The results showed the malaria prevalence was 108 (14.4%) in the past year. The environment a condition which were consists of the homes of people with malaria were made of bebak and boards 43.6% and 7.9% respectively. Besides that, the Roofs house were made of palm leaves (21.1%). The location of the respondent’s house was close to the breeding places which is rice fields and lagoon are 155 (84%). In terms of the community behavior in control malaria showed 5.7% of the community was not did anything to protect themselves from mosquito bites and 74.4% occasional community used mosquito nets have been distributed. Whereas in the case of treatment seeking behavior shows 49% people used a traditional medicine, bought drugs at a nearby shop and there was not do anything. In addition, most of the malaria suferer looked after the health care after more than four days have symptoms. We concluded that the physical and the environment factors as well as behavior is an important determinant factors of malaria in Kupang. Recommended preventive efforts with environmental improvements to the house and promotif for behavior change is important.

scholarly journals Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Berdasarkan Faktor Pencetus, Penguat dan Pemungkin Pada Anak Jalanan Binaan Rumah Singgah

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Yuli Isnaeni ◽  
Junaiti Sahar ◽  
Sigit Mulyono
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Healthy Life Style

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara faktor pencetus (karakteristik), faktor penguat, factor pemungkin dengan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat pada anak jalanan. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional, yang dilakukan pada 79 anak jalanan binaan rumah singgah di Yogyakarta. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah chi-square. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan tentang perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat sudah cukup baik, tetapi sikap dan praktek PHBS menunjukkan proporsi yang hampir sama (p= 0,002, α= 0,05) antara baik dan kurang baik. Penelitian ini juga menyimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara perilaku panutan teman sebaya dengan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat pada anak jalanan binaan rumah singgah di Yogyakarta. Pimpinan rumah singgah atau panti sosial disarankan untuk membentuk peer group dan melakukan pembinaan dengan cara mengadakan pertemuan secara berkala dengan peer group tersebut. AbstractThis research aimed to identify the relationship between the predisposing factors (characteristics), reinforcing factors and enabling factors with healthy and cleanliness life style among streets children, this descriptive co-relational research was conducted toward 79 streets children accommodated and directed in Yogyakarta. The result, using bivariate analysis with chi-square statistical test, indicated that whether the knowledge about healthy life style was fairly good, but the attitude and the implementation of healthy and cleanliness life style was of equal proportion between the well-behaved and the poor (p= 0.002, α= 0,05). This research denoted that there was a significant relationship between the attitudes of role model and healthy life style among streets children. It is suggested that the chairperson of social house for streets children proposed a number of peer group, furthermore those peer group should receive regular mentoring by having a regular meeting with them.

scholarly journals Thequantity of Streptococcus mutancolonyin breastfeedandformula milk infant (Jumlah koloni Streptococcus mutan pada bayi peminum air susu ibu dan peminum susu formula)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Ridhayani Hatta ◽  
Hendrastuti Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microbial Screening ◽  
Breast Fed

Caries in infant was influenced by their substrat. Substrats are the primary source of energy in bacterial colonisingprocess in oral cavity. Streptococcus mutans are especially the main cause of tooth decay. For 1-year-old infant theprimary nutritions are generally from breast milk or formula milk. This study was aimed to determine the differentnumbers of bacterial colonizations of S.mutan found in breast-fed infants from those found in formula milk. Thisobservational-analytics study used cross sectional study design was carried out to 60 infants who fulfil the inclutioncriteria of simple random sampling method,30 infants in each group from Integrated Health Centre in Kelurahan Antang,and the bactery on the saliva was evaluated in Microbiology Laboratory of Medical Faculty Hasanuddin University. Eachparent was given questionnaire which to asks the things related with this research and microbial screening was takenfrom saliva of 1-year old infant. The number of bacterial colonizations for S.mutans in breastfeeding group shows meanvalue 19.7 CFU/ml while the formula milk group was about 37.97 CFU/ml, so the consumptions of breast milk andformula milk in 1-year old infant show the significantly different number of bacterial colonizations of S.mutans in. Itwas concluded that colonization of S.mutans in breastfeeding group lower than formula milk group.

scholarly journals Magnitude and Reasons for Harmful Traditional Practices among Children Less Than 5 Years of Age in Axum Town, North Ethiopia, 2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kahsu Gebrekirstos ◽  
Atsede Fantahun ◽  
Gerezgiher Buruh
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proportional Allocation ◽  
Harmful Traditional Practices

Background.In addition to beneficial traditional practices, there are around 140 harmful traditional practices affecting mothers and children in almost all ethnic groups of Ethiopia. Therefore this study might give a clue about their practice and associated factors. The objective of this study was to assess magnitude of harmful traditional practices among children less than 5 years of age in Axum Town, North Ethiopia.Methods.Community based cross-sectional study was conducted on 752 participants who were selected using multistage sampling. Simple random sampling method was used to select ketenas from all kebelles of Axum Town. After proportional allocation of sample size to eachketena, systematic random sampling method was used to get the study participants. Data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaire; it was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16 and descriptive statistics was calculated.Results.Majority of the respondents (81.2%) were Orthodox, 78.2% of the mothers had no work, and majority of mothers had no formal education. Among the harmful traditional practices performed on children, uvula cutting alone was performed on 72.8% of children followed by milk teeth extraction and uvula cutting with eyebrow incision.Conclusion.The leading harmful traditional practice performed on children in this study was uvula cutting.

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