scholarly journals A randomized clinical trial investigating pain associated with Bio-kinetic plus nickel–titanium and Conventional nickel-titanium archwires during the initial hours of levelling and aligning the phase of orthodontic treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1321-1326
Author(s):  
Shreya Kishore ◽  
Saravana Dinesh SP ◽  
Srirengalakshmi ◽  
Arvind Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Orthodontic force application leads to periodontal ligament tissue injury and the initiation of acute inflammatory processes. Therefore, it is recommended that light force should be used during orthodontic treatment to minimise tissue damage and subsequent pain and discomfort. The present study was aimed to assess the pain perception between two types of nickel-titanium wires. To investigate and compare the effects of Bio-kinetics plus nickel–titanium and conventional nickel-titanium archwires on pain during the initial hours of the initial phase of orthodontic treatment. To compare and evaluate the pain perception using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) between 0.016 Conventional NiTi (Group 1) and Bio-Kinetix Plus NiTi (Group 2) at regular intervals of 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours each consisting of a sample size of 7. A total of 14 subjects participated in the study, each group consisting of 7 subjects. The mean pain perception score was 1.71±0.48 and 1.71±0.48 at 0 hours, 2.42±0.97 and 2.71±0.48 at 24 hours, 3.42±0.97 and 2.85±0.69 at 48 hours, 3.85±0.69 and 2.57±0.53 at 72 hours, for Group 1 and Group 2 respectively. There is no significant difference between the two groups, but there is a significant difference (p=0.001) in group 2, by 72 hours, indicating there is a decrease in pain perception. For overall pain, there was no statistically significant difference between the two wires. However, subjects with bio-kinetix plus nickel–titanium archwires had a significantly lower pain at peak level.

scholarly journals Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of Stabilised Periodontal Patients Undergoing Early Stage of Orthodontic Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Asma Alhusna Abang Abdullah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Orthodontic treatment may affect the equilibrium of oral microbiota which plays a major role in aetiology of periodontal disease. This prospective clinical study aimed to assess the periodontal health and microbiological profile of healthy (Group 1) and stabilised periodontal (Group 2) patients throughout three months of orthodontic treatment. Upper and lower fixed orthodontic appliances were bonded. Periodontal health was assessed using plaque score (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP) and pocket depth (PD). 29 sites were taken for subgingival plaque sampling. Plaque samples were inoculated on Trypticase Soy Blood Agar (TSBA) and Trypticase Soy Bacitracin Vancomycin (TSBV) agar for assessment of aerobe, anaerobe, black pigmented bacteria (BPB) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. All the measurements were taken before bonding (T0), 1 week (T1), 1 month (T2) and 3 months post-bonding (T3). Generally, periodontal health in both groups were almost similar. After 1 week, the number of aerobes was significantly higher in Group 1 (88%) while the anaerobes were significantly higher in Group 2 (45%). A. actinomycetemcomitans was higher in Group 1 at T0 and T1 but was significantly higher in Group 2 at T3. BPB was minimal at all time with no significant difference. Thus, during the first 3-month of orthodontic treatment, there were significant changes in the number of aerobes-anaerobes in both healthy and stabilised periodontal patients. Pathogenic bacteria would increase during early treatment of orthodontics.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Pain Intensity in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment Based on Mini-Implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Eugen Bud ◽  
Alexandru Vlasa ◽  
Manuela Chibelean ◽  
Krisztina Martha ◽  
Mariana Păcurar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Implant Removal ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction: Pain is currently reported as the most common side effect associated with orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the intensity of pain perception during orthodontic procedures consisting in anesthesia, orthodontic mini-implant placement and removal, as well as during the postoperative period following these procedures. Material and Methods: The study included 50 young adults with a permanent dentition in need of orthodontic treatment. The pain assessment was based on visual analogue scale (VAS), using self-report questions from approved questionnaires. Pain severity was analyzed in relation to: anesthesia, implant placement, implant removal, implant movement, elastic traction and gingiva/bone pain around the implant. The study lot was divided into Group 1 – patients experiencing a pain degree of 1 or 2, and Group 2 – patients experiencing a pain degree of 3 or 4 during implant placement. Results: The maximum pain intensity (PI) was recorded during implant placement, which has been associated with a PI of 2.4 ± 0.8 (95% CI: 2.17–2.63), followed by implant removal (PI = 2.36 ± 0.66, 95% CI: 2.17–2.54), gingiva/bone pain around the implant (PI = 2.32 ± 2.58, 95% CI: 2.15–2.48), and elastic traction (PI = 2.26 ± 0.63, 95% CI: 2.08–2.44). Male gender was present in a significantly higher extent in the group of patients presenting a high intensity pain during implant placement (86.3% in Group 2 vs. 3.5% in Group 1, p <0.0001). The age group most sensitive to pain was 18 to 21 years. Conclusions: In our study, pain perception was significantly higher in males and in the 18–21 years age group. The most painful procedure during surgery was the initial moment of implant placement, followed by the moment of implant removal, gingival/bone pain around the implant, and the elastic tractions placed on the implant during anchorage.

scholarly journals May ultrasound probe size influence pain perception of needle piercing during transrectal prostate biopsy? A prospective evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Fabiani ◽  
Lucilla Servi ◽  
Alessandra Filosa ◽  
Fabrizio Fioretti ◽  
Valentina Maurelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction and Objective: Transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx) is the definitive step in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (CaP). Patients (pts) generally experience significant pain during the procedure at the point that biopsy should be accompanied by some form of anesthesia. Several different factors influence pain perception (PP) during TRUS-Bx. In our study we want to assess that the use of an ergonomic smaller sized probe reduces PP during the procedure independently from the administration of local anesthesia or pain relieving drugs. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, randomized study in which 114 pts who underwent TRUS-Bx due to abnormal PSA and/or to digital rectal examination (DRE) suspicious findings were considered eligible. Pts were split in two TRUS-Bx groups into which we used two different sized ultrasound probes. In group 1, 61 pts underwent TRUS-Bx with ALOKA end fire probe (size 74 mm). In group 2, 53 pts underwent TRUS-Bx with B-K Type 8818 probe (size 58 mm). Both groups were treated with no local anesthesia or pain relieving drugs. Pain was evaluated three times using a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS), during the DRE (VAS 1), during the insertion of the probe (VAS 2) and during the needle piercing (VAS 3). Results: Mean age of pts was 68.03 (SD 8.51); mean tPSA and mean prostate volume was 7.75 (SD 4.83) and 45.17cc (SD 17.7), respectively. The two groups were homogeneous respect to tPSA (p = 0.675) and to prostate volume (p = 0.296); age was significantly different (p = 0.04) between Group 1 (65.93) and Group 2 (70.43), whereas no statistically significant correlation between VAS 3 and age was observed (p = 0.179). Analyzing pain perception, we found no statistically significant difference between the two groups in DRE (VAS 1; p = 0.839); on the contrary, patients in Group 1 experienced on average more pain than other in Group 2 both during the insertion of the probe (VAS 2 3.49 vs 1.09; p &lt; 0.001) and during the needle piercing VAS 3 (2.8 vs 2.00; p &lt; 0.05). The discomfort during probe insertion and manipulation was perceived as very high (VAS 2 &gt; 5) in 42.6% of patients in Group 1 and in 9.4% in Group 2. Globally, the procedure was well tolerated (mean VAS score &lt; 3) in 77% of patients in Group 1 and in 90% in Group 2. The proportion of patients who experienced more than moderate pain (VAS &gt; 5) during needle piercing ranged 24.6 % in Group 1 to 18.9 % in Group 2. Conclusions: Patients who underwent a TRUS-Bx with the 58-mm circumference probe were found to experience lower degree of pain not only during the insertion of the probe through the anal sphincter, but also in the moment of needle piercing.

scholarly journals Do depression, anxiety, or stress have any effect on pain scores in patients undergoing colposcopy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 480-484
Author(s):  
Muzaffer Seyhan Cikman ◽  
Ismet Gun
Keyword(s):  
Pain Perception ◽  
Gynecologic Oncology ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Stress Group ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parity Number ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the effect of depression, anxiety, and stress on pain perception during colposcopy. Material and methods: This study was performed at the gynecologic oncology department of Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Education and Research Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey between September 2017 and January 2018. After taking informed consent, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-42) were completed by women who were attended outpatient colposcopy unit. Patients were classified into three groups according to DASS-42 (Group 1: patients without depression, anxiety or stress; Group 2: patients with one or two of depression, anxiety and stress; Group 3: patients with all of depression, anxiety and stress). Patient characteristics were also recorded. The degree of pain perception was evaluated visual analogue scale (VAS) at the end of the procedure. The p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 116 women were enrolled into this study. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gravidity, parity, number of gynecologic examination, waiting time, BMI, VAS, having a partner, came alone to clinic, level of education, employment, indication of procedure, number of biopsies, ECC presence (p>0.05). There was no difference between the subgroups in terms of VAS. There was negative correlation between groups and VAS (r=-0.195, p=0.036). Conclusion: According to our findings, depression, anxiety and stress have no impact on pain perception during colposcopy but there is a weak correlation between the absence of depression, anxiety, stress and the pain score.

scholarly journals Incisor proclination and gingival recessions: is there a relationship?

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Márlio Vinícius de Oliveira ◽  
Matheus Melo Pithon ◽  
Márcia Luzia Lacerda Xavier ◽  
Rodrigo Villamarim Soares ◽  
Martinho Campolina Rebello Horta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Incisal Edge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Plaster Casts ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

Aim: To test the hypothesis that there is no relationship between the amount of vestibular inclination of mandibular incisors and the appearance of gingival recession in this region. Methods: This study included 20 patients selected in accordance with the following inclusion criteria: 1. adult patients without gingival recession in the mandibular incisors before treatment (T0), 2. no previous orthodontic treatment, 3. treated without tooth extraction in the mandibular arch, 4. bonded mandibular splinting from one canine to another after the active stage of orthodontic treatment (T1), 5. no visible wear of the incisal edge of the mandibular incisors, 6. Pre- and post-treatment teleradiography and plaster casts, and plaster casts 3 years post-treatment (T2). Depending on the amount of inclination of the mandibular incisors after treatment, the sample was divided into two groups: Group 1- 10 individuals (IMPA T1-T0 ≤ 5˚) and Group 2- 10 individuals (IMPA T1-T0 > 5˚). The measurement of length of the clinical crown (LCC) of the four mandibular incisors, distance between the incisal edge and vestibular marginal gingiva were made in plaster casts at T0, T1 and T2. Results: In spite of Group 1 presenting a reduction in LCC at T2, there was no statistically significant difference in LCC in the 3 time intervals evaluated in the two groups. Conclusions: The null hypothesis was accepted. The variation in the amount of vestibular inclination of the mandibular incisors during orthodontic treatment and 3 years after conclusion of treatment did not promote the appearance of gingival recessions in this group of patients.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

Tuberculosis of the meninges and central nervous system. Experience of clinical diagnostics in St. Petersburg for 50 years

MedAlliance ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Allergic Vasculitis ◽  
Tuberculosis Meningitis ◽  
Group 1

The clinic and diagnostics of tuberculosis meningitis (TM) in 926 patients treated in St. Petersburg hospitals in 1965–1994 (group 1) and in 1995–2018 (group 2) is presented. The TM clinic is demonstrated to be determined by the form of tuberculosis and its characteristic generalization nature in the presence of repeated waves of bacteremia and allergic vasculitis of greater or lesser severity. There is clinical peculiarity of TM in primary pulmonary tuberculosis and its early large-focal and late miliar generalization, as well as in hematogenous tuberculosis. In patients of the 1st and 2nd groups the TM clinic shows in some respects a noticeable similarity, in others — a significant difference. Despite the typical symptoms, early diagnosis of TM took place in less than 20% of patients. Clinical examples illustrating the unusual development of TM, contrasting with its usual course, are given. A number of objective and subjective factors contributing to the adverse evolution of TM and its lethal outcome are discussed. These include the peculiarity of modern tuberculosis, especially when associated with HIV infection, as well as medical errors associated with ignorance of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and failure to comply with the minimum examination for tuberculosis.

Two Adhesive Systems-effect on Adhesion to Tooth Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2608-2613
Author(s):  
Larisa Simona Deac ◽  
Kamel Earar ◽  
Adela Loredana Colceriu Burtea ◽  
Alexandra Stefania Berghe ◽  
Aurora Antoniac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Selective Etch ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Self Etch ◽  
Group 1

This study evaluates and compares by dye penetration method and SEM photomicrographs the sealing obtained using two different classes of adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse and self-etch with selective etching) with SDR (Dentsply) bulk fill composite. 84 class V cavities were prepared on oral and vestibular face of 42 intact, freshly extracted wisdom teeth. The cavities were randomly divided in two groups and restored: Group 1 with prime &bond one select (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply) and Group 2 with prime&bond one Etch&Rinse (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply). Prime&bond one Select (Dentsply) is a single component adhesive and can be used in self etch mode, in selective enamel etch mode, or in etch-and-rinse mode. We chosen for this study the selective etch of the enamel mode. Prime&bond one Etch Rinse (Dentsply) is a universal etch-and-rinse one-bottle dental adhesive, designed to be used in two steps. The bulk fill composites are commonly used in modern dentistry due to their properties of low polymerization shrinkage and curing in layer of 4 mm depth, offering the practitioner a fast clinical procedure with good results. The results showed a good sealing at enamel and dentin margins with no statistically significant difference between adhesives, even though the mean of enamel infiltration was smaller for Group1. Furthermore the results show that there were differences between the two groups, for the infiltrations at the enamel, the values of microleakage being arithmetically higher for Group 1, but with no statistically difference between the two groups.SEM images showed for both groups a good adhesion surface with the tooth, but the hybrid layer of the total-etch adhesives is different from the hybrid layer formed by self etch adhesives, in terms of thickness, uniformity. In conclusion both adhesive systems have equivalent sealing qualities and can be successfully used with SDR.

Reducing Gingivitis Remotely using the iGAM mHealth app (part 2): Prospective Observational Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Tobias ◽  
Assaf B Spanier
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habits ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND Gingivitis is a non-painful, inflammatory condition that can be treated with home remedies. Left untreated gingivitis can lead to tooth loss. Periodic dental examinations are important for early diagnosis and treatment of gum diseases. In order to contain the spread of the corona virus, governments, including in Israel, have restricted movements of their citizens which has caused routine dental checkups to be postponed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the ability of an mHealth app- iGAM to reduce gingivitis. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study was performed, 160 unpaid participants were divided into 2 equal groups and downloaded the iGAM app. Group 1 photographed their gums weekly for eight weeks. Group 2 photographed their gums at the time of recruitment and 8 weeks later. After photo submission, the participants received the message "It is recommended to read the information contained within the app regarding maintaining oral hygiene habits". A single blinded researcher examined the images and scored them according to the Modified Gingival Index (MGI). RESULTS The average age of group 1 was 26.77 (S.D. ± 7.43), and 28.53 (S.D. ± 10.44) for group 2. The majority were male (74.7% in group 1 vs. 66.7% in group 2), most participants described themselves as "secular", most were "single", non-smokers (74.7% vs. 78.4%) and did not take medications (85.3% vs. 78.4%). 126 subjects completed the study. A statistically significant difference (P <.001) was found in the dependent variable (MGI) in a linearly negative manner. As time passed, the gum condition improved, there were significantly lower gingivitis scores in group 1 (M = 1.16, S.D. ± 1.18) compared to group 2 (M = 2.16, S.D. ± 1.49), after eight weeks. Those with more recent dental visits had a lower MGI (p = .037). No association was found between knowledge and behavior, most participants were familiar with the recommendations for maintaining oral health, yet they only performed some. CONCLUSIONS A dental selfie taken once a week using an mHealth app (iGAM) reduced the signs of gingivitis and promoted oral health. During the current pandemic where social distancing recommendations may be causing people to avoid dental clinics, this app can remotely promote gum health. CLINICALTRIAL The protocol was approved by Hadassah research ethics committee (IRB, 0212-18-HMO)

scholarly journals Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis of the Anterior Capsulotomy Edge: A Comparative Study between Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Capsulotomy and Manual Capsulorhexis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Tognetto ◽  
Chiara De Giacinto ◽  
Alberto Armando Perrotta ◽  
Tommaso Candian ◽  
Alessandro Bova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Surface Irregularity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cut Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. To compare the capsule edges ultrastructure obtained by two femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) platforms and manual continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Setting. Eye Clinic, University of Trieste, Italy. Design. Experimental comparative study. Methods. 150 anterior capsules were collected and divided into three groups as follows: Group 1 (50 capsules) obtained with manual CCC, Groups 2 and 3 (each with 50 capsules) obtained with the Catalys Laser and the LenSx Laser, respectively. All samples were imaged by means of SEM and regularity of the cut surface, and thickness of the capsule edge were evaluated and compared. Results. All femtosecond laser (FSL) capsules were perfectly circular, whereas some alteration of the circular shape was observed in the manual ones. Group 1 showed a smooth and regular capsule edge without any surface irregularity, conversely Groups 2 and 3 showed postage-stamp perforations on the capsule edge. The cut surface irregularity value in Group 2 was 1.4 ± 0.63, while it was 0.7 ± 0.49 in Group 3 (p<0.05). Group 1 had a significantly lower thickness of the capsule edge than the FSL groups (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference in the capsule edge thickness between the FSL groups was found (p=0.244). Conclusions. Despite the presence of slight cut surface irregularities, both FSL capsulotomies showed a better geometry and circularity than the manual ones. Capsulotomy specimens obtained using both FSL capsulotomies showed laser-induced alterations of the capsule edge when compared with smooth and regular edges obtained using manual CCC.

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