scholarly journals Assessment of Perception, Knowledge and Practice of Healthcare Professionals Regarding Pharmaceutical Advertisement (PA) in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1360-1366
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdul Quddoose ◽  
Azhar Hussain ◽  
Madeeha Malik ◽  
Nabeel Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professional ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Pharmaceutical Advertising ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Pharmaceutical advertising (PA) effects both healthcare professionals and consumers. Ethical and legal challenges of PA are often odious and unmet to the standards. This study was designed to assess perceptions, knowledge, and practices of healthcare professionals towards pharmaceutical advertisement in Pakistan. A survey-based descriptive cross-section study, of 764 sample records and analyzed by SPSS, version 21. A Chi-square test was performed (p ≤ 0.05) to find out differences among variables. We found  34.8% (n=266) physicians, 8.4% (n=64) dentists, 13.6% (n=104) hospital pharmacists, 15.7% (n=120) community pharmacists, 8.4% (n=64) regulatory pharmacists, 8.3% (n=63) marketing pharmacists and 10.9% (n=83) physicians and pharmacists from distributions and other relevant fields participated in this study. The result showed that 81.4 % (n=622) believed that medical advertisements should seek government approval, 71.3% (n=545) assumed that only registered drugs could be advertised. 34.0% (n=260) answered only prescription drug could be advertised. 7.2% (n=284) showed a negative response towards advertised drugs. 33.0% (n=252) answered that advertising encourages the patients to decide on their choice of a drug without the help of a healthcare professional, while 31.4%(n=240) of the respondents were agreed that advertising provided reliable information regarding a medicine. 36.4% (n=278) of respondents were agree that advertisements increased drugs cost. 32.7% (n=250 and 37.4% (n=286) answered that patients buy an advertised drug without referring a doctor. This study concluded that the awareness regarding PA was low among the healthcare professionals in Pakistan. Healthcare personals were in the favor of advertisement, regardless of little knowledge about the current advertisement rules in the country. Comparatively, Pharmacists have  better knowledge of PA  than physicians do.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge and practice of oral health among nursing and pharmacy students

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4339
Author(s):  
Chetanjit Baruah ◽  
Alpana P. Rabha ◽  
Hiranya Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Background: Oral health is an integral part of general health and wellbeing of an individual at every stage of life. Good oral health knowledge is a requisite criterion for good oral health related behavior. So, this study was done to assess knowledge and practice about oral health and whether there is any difference of knowledge and practice about it among nursing and pharmacy students.Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 110 nursing and 90 pharmacy students in June 2019 by stratified random sampling method using a self-administered predesigned structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were applied using SPSS software.Results: Knowledge and practice of pharmacy students was found to be better than nursing students.Conclusions: Knowledge and practice of the students should be improved through health education.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practice towards Hygiene and Sanitation Amongst Residents of Dhankuta Municipality

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Ram Bilakshan Sah ◽  
S Bhattarai ◽  
D D Baral ◽  
P K Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Unsafe Water ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Background: Poor hygiene practices and inadequate sanitary conditions play major roles in the increased burden of communicable diseases within developing countries. Objectives: To know knowledge and practice regarding hygiene and sanitation of households and to find out the hygienic practices with selected variables. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 30th April to 13th May 2012 in Dhankuta Municipality where 300 households were taken as subjects. Among 9 wards, 3 wards were randomly selected and equal number of households (100) from each ward was selected on the basis of simple random sampling. Semi-structured questionnaire was used and face to face interview was conducted. Chi-square test was applied to find out the hygienic practices with selected variables. Results: Most of respondents believed that hand washing reduces diseases (71.3%). They knew that diarrhoea is spread by dirty environment (55.7%) and drinking unsafe water (46.3%) and unhygienic food (43.3%). Majority of respondents (95.3%) washing hands with soap and water after defecation. Almost (30%) respondents used burning as a management of solid waste. The ladies were found to have better hygienic practices (92%) than gents (61.6%) and Brahmin/Chhetri (70%) were more hygienic than other ethnic groups.  Conclusion: The knowledge and practice on hygiene and sanitation among the households of Dhankuta municipality was found to be fair.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v12i1.11985         Health Renaissance 2014;12(1):44-48

Utilization of traditional medicine in the treatment of ailments among aged people in Ughelli community of Delta State

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 007-015
Author(s):  
Gbakeji Prisca Elo ◽  
Adjene Josiah Obaghwarhievwo
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medicine Information ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Broad Objective

Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM) refers to a set of healthcare practices (indigenous or imported) that are delivered outside of the mainstream (orthodox) healthcare system. The broad objective of this study was to investigate the use of traditional medicine in the treatment of ailments among aged people in Ughelli Community of Delta State, Nigeria. The study comprised of 241 subjects (121 males and 120 females) of about 40+ years who were resident in Ughelli community. First, a self-administered, open and close questionnaire was carefully structured, validated and issued to a cross section of selected subjects from within the study area. The instrument obtained the socio-demographic records of the subjects, alongside their knowledge on traditional medicine, attitudes towards, as well as practices towards traditional medicine. Information on the source, benefit, adverse effects and frequently used traditional medicines were also collected from participants, while leaving them with multiple responses in the open-ended questions. Following data collection, Results were subjected through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 25), using the Chi-square test at a 95% confidence interval. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also used to compare the differences in means between groups, while setting a p value less than 0.05 as statistically significant. From our observation, an average of 98 subjects strongly agreed to their knowledge of the effectiveness of traditional medicines in the treatments of ailments. This number was of significant increase in comparison with about 76 subjects who were not sure in their response on the effectiveness of traditional medicines over orthodox in the study area. In addition, this negates the total number of sampled respondents (15%) who posited to disagree in support of the non-effectiveness of traditional medicines over its effectiveness. Also, a great percentage (36%) responses agreed that drinking is a far effecting and popular route of administering traditional medicines than others, while about 27% strongly agreed to this; even though a greater proportion of responses were not sure of the topical routes of applying traditional medicines.

scholarly journals Compliance with personal protective equipment use among non-medical healthcare professionals during Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 258-266
Author(s):  
Estika Mei Diana ◽  
Anna Wahyuni Widayanti ◽  
Satibi
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medical Healthcare

Non-medical healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, nutritionists, and radiographers, have a high risk of  COVID-19 infection during work. Personal protective equipment use has shown effective in preventing virus transmission. This study aimed to investigate the compliance with personal protective equipment use and identify the factors that may influence their compliance. The study was designed cross-sectionally, with a self-administered questionnaire. The respondents were non-medical healthcare professionals recruited from covid and non-covid ward at Saiful Anwar General Hospital. The data were collected in November 2020. The questionnaire consists of four questions to assess compliance and eighteen questions to explore the factors that may relate to their compliance. This study used the Chi-square test to differentiate the level of compliance between two groups and binary logistic regression to analyze factors that may influence the compliance. Most participants in this study were female (84.8%), with a median age of 33 (23 – 57) years. More than 80 % of participants worked in the non-covid ward. Only one-fifth of participants had work experience of more than 15 years. The compliance with personal protective equipment was 67.3%. In univariate analysis, factors that influenced the compliance were difficulty using, removing, and disposing of personal protective equipment, lack of training and regular monitoring, unsure about the effectiveness of personal protective equipment, uncomfortable in donning personal protective equipment. Co-workers never reminding themselves to use personal protective equipment also influence compliance. In the multivariate analysis, the difficulty of using, removing and disposing of personal protective equipment (OR 2.83 (0.730 – 3.478), p=0.025) significantly influenced compliance with personal protective equipment use.

scholarly journals Community Pharmacists’ Opinions towards Poor Prescription Writing in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1077
Author(s):  
Saad Saeed Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Prescription Writing

Avoidance of medication errors is imperative for the safe use of medications, and community pharmacists are uniquely placed to identify and resolve the errors that may arise due to poorly handwritten prescriptions. Purpose: To explore the opinion and attitudes of community pharmacists towards poor prescription writing and their suggestions to overcome this concern. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was conducted among the community pharmacists in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were used at 5% p-value (p > 0.05) as the significance level. Results: The response rate for the survey was 78.66%, and 140 community pharmacists agreed to participate. Among the study subjects, the majority (73.57%) had a bachelor’s degree. Nearly three-fourths (3/4) of the pharmacists (72.29%) chose to send the patient back to the prescriber when they found difficulty in interpreting the information from an illegible prescription. As many as 80.71% of the pharmacists believed that poorly handwritten prescriptions were the cause of actual errors when dispensing medications. The most commonly encountered problem due to poorly handwritten prescriptions was the commercial name of medicine, which was reported by around two-thirds (67.86%) of the pharmacists. The use of e-prescription was suggested by 72.86% of the pharmacists as a probable solution to encounter this problem. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the belief and attitudes of community pharmacists in the region and their opinions to solve this impending problem of poor prescription writing. Continuous professional development courses can be adopted to tackle the problem. Additionally, health authorities can work on incorporating and facilitating the use of e-prescription in the community sector, which can be a boon to physicians, pharmacists, and patients. Proper and extensive training is however needed before the implementation of e-prescribing.

scholarly journals DRUG DISPOSAL: KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE AMONG PHARMACY STUDENTS IN BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Freitas de Sousa Viana ◽  
Geilson Lessa de Magalhães ◽  
Eulália Heleodora Santana Martins dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Dichotomous Variables ◽  
Exact Amount

Little is known about the knowledge of pharmacy students about the correct ways for drug disposal. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and practice of the pharmacy students about drug disposal. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with questionnaire application to 182 pharmacy students in Brazil between October and November of 2016. Data analyzes of the categorical variables were performed using descriptive statistics. The Chi-square test (X2) was used to evaluate the possible differences in the frequency between the form of medication discard according to dichotomous variables. Sixty-four point eight percent of the students reported discarding the drugs incorrectly, being that 48.8% do it in the household garbage. About 32% of the interviewers believed that the dispensation of the medicines beyond the exact amount for treatment is the main reason for the leftover. The chi-square test showed a higher correct disposal index from the 6th to the 10th period compared to the 1st to the 5th and according to previous guidance. Sixty-seven point six percent considered incorrect your way of drug disposal, 63.7% suggested the special collection as the correct destination and 84.6% reported knowing the consequences of improper disposal. This study showed that the majority of pharmacy students discards the overdue and/or unused drugs in an environmentally inadequate manner, but the correct disposal is more significant with the advance of the course period.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan dan Praktik Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk Terhadap Tempat Perindukan Vektor DBD

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 769
Author(s):  
Fitra Hidayat ◽  
Noraida Noraida
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Urban Villages

Abstract: Knowledge and Practices of Eradicating Mosquito Nests against DHF Vector Breeding Sites. The Puskesmas Banjarbaru Utara includes the Mentaos and Loktabat Utara Urban Villages. From year to year the two urban villages always have DHF cases repeatedly. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and practice of eradicating mosquito nests against DHF vector breeding sites in the Puskesmas Banjarbaru Utara. This study is an analytical study with cross-sectional design. The sample in the study were 99 family heads. The study was conducted in November 2018 until January 2019. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge of mosquito nest eradication and DHF vector breeding sites because of the value of p (0.002) < α (0.05) and there was also a relationship between the practice of eradicating mosquito nests and vector breeding sites because of the p (0.000) < α (0.05).

scholarly journals Mother’s knowledge and practices towards self-medication of fever among children under five years in Muncar Banyuwangi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 264-268
Author(s):  
Sinta Rachmawati ◽  
Khusnul Khotimah ◽  
Ika Norcahyanti
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Self-medication is the use of medicines by individuals to treat mild symptoms or minor illnesses. It can overcome minor ailments and complaints, such as fever. Fever is a sign of disease often suffered by children under five years. Knowledge and self-medication practice of fever must be mastered well by the mother to handle this symptom correctly. Aims: This study aimed to explore mothers’ knowledge and practices toward self-medication of fever among children under five years and the relationship between knowledge and practices. Method: This study was observational with a cross-sectional design. It involved 385 mothers from Muncar District Banyuwangi, Indonesia. It used a validated questionnaire to collect the data, including five categories, three for knowledge and two for practice. The relationship between knowledge and practice was analyzed by the Chi-square test. Result: The three categories of knowledge were good (83 respondents), sufficient (206 respondents), and insufficient (96 respondents), while the two categories of practice were good (213 respondents) and insufficient (172 respondents). The chi-square test yielded a p-value <0.001. Conclusion: This study revealed a significant relationship between knowledge and practice. Hence, the better the knowledge, the better the practice in fever self-medication.

scholarly journals Knowledge and practice regarding prevention of occupational hazards among traffic policemen in Kathmandu

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
S Panta ◽  
M Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Compression Stocking ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Traffic Policemen ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Occupational health hazards are hazards of exposure to pollution, noise and vibrations in the working environment (ILO). This study aim to find out the knowledge and practice on prevention of occupational health hazards among traffic policemen in Kathmandu valley. A descriptive study employing probability sampling was used to select 282 traffic policemen who were employed in the traffic police stations of Kathmandu. Where Self administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by using SPSS such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and chi-square test. Findings depicted that less than half of respondents (40.4%) had fair knowledge on prevention of occupational health hazards. The highest mean percentage score was in the area of effects and prevention of dust or gas about 70%. The level of knowledge was found significant association with age (p=0.029), government provided by safety measures (p=0.021). More than half (54.6%) of respondents had poor preventive practices, such as wearing gloves, back support belts, compression stocking, apply sunscreen cream and wearing ear plug on duty hour. The level of practice was found to have significant association with age group of respondents (p=0.038), sex (p=0.009) and work experience (p=0.048). It is concluded that traffic policemen knowledge regarding prevention of occupational health hazards had fair knowledge but poor preventive practices. This study reveals the need for awareness program for prevention of occupational health hazards among traffic policemen

scholarly journals Determining the frequency of serious adverse reactions of inactive SARS-COV-2 vaccine

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ferit Kaya ◽  
Edibe Pirincci
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vaccine Administration ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Training And Research

BACKGROUND: Vaccines are a new combat strategy against COVID-19. The success of a large number of vaccines and the continued development of vaccines will change the course of the current pandemic. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of serious adverse reactions caused by the administration of inactive vaccine administration on healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The prospective study was conducted among healthcare professionals working in city a Training and Research Hospital and applied to have the second dose of CoronaVac vaccine. The number of personnel included in the study were 329. The data were recorded in the SPSS 23 program and the chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The average age of the participants in the study was 35.77±9.07. Of the participants, 28.1%were physicians. The frequency ratio of those who stated that they had serious adverse reactions after vaccination was 33.2%. Three most common systemic serious adverse reactions were headache, state of sleep/fatigue, and nausea and vomiting respectively. Serious adverse reactions occurred within 1.14±04 days after vaccine administration. The average duration of serious adverse reactions was determined as 1.68±0.77 days. 62.2%of the participants with serious side effects were women (p <  0.001). Of the participants who had serious adverse reactions, 77.5%were health care professionals (p <  0.01). CONCLUSION: No life-threatening serious adverse reaction was determined regarding the CoronaVac vaccine administered in this study. However, local serious adverse reactions, nausea/vomiting, fever and sleepiness/fatigue occurred frequently. Further studies are required on the newly introduced vaccine.

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