scholarly journals Gastroprotective effect of ethanol extract of carica papaya seed on rats induced rifampicin and isoniazid

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1506-1512
Author(s):  
Elviyanti ◽  
Nyoman Ehrich Lister I ◽  
Edy Fachrial
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Papaya Seeds ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Carica Papaya Seed ◽  
Ph Level

The first-line therapy for tuberculosis is Rifampicin, in combination with Isoniazid (INH), Ethambutol (ETB), and Pyrazinamide (PZA). The side effects of TB drugs that may arise if the drug use for a long time include hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal disturbances. Carica papaya seeds has a potential effect to prevent the gastrointestinal distrubances caused by rifampicin and isoniazid. This study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of carica papaya seeds on rats induced rifampicin and isoniazid. Experimental design group was divided into 8 group, including normal, negative 1 (rif 50 mg/kgbb), negative 2 (IN 50 mg/kgbw), negative 3 (rif and inh 50 mg/kgbw), positive 1 (rif and inh 50 mg/kgbw + cimetidtine 18 mg/kgbw), group 1(rif and inh 50 mg/kgbw + EECP 100 mg/kgbb) +, group 2 (rif and inh 50 mg/kgbw + EECP 300 mg/kgbb), group 3 (rif and inh 50 mg/kgbw + EECP 500 mg/kgbb). Rifampicin, isoniazid, and EECP was given 20 days. The result showed that rifampicin and isoniazid induced alteration gastric organ, histopathology of the negative group also showed alteration and also decreased pH level.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Carica papaya Seed towards Lipid Profile on Rats Induced Rifampicin and Isoniazid

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
. Liana ◽  
I. Nyoman Ehrich Lister ◽  
Edy Fachrial ◽  
. Adrian
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Carica Papaya Seed ◽  
Papaya Seed

Aims: Rifampicin one of the most commonly used front-line drugs in antituberculosis therapy, has been known to be hepatotoxic. The oxidative stress that is formed in the mitochondria due to rifampicin and isoniazid causes an imbalance in lipid metabolism. This study aims to determine the effect of lowering total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels and increasing HDL levels of papaya seed ethanol extract in rats induced by rifampin and isoniazid. Study design: This study is experimental study. Methodology: This study was divided into 9 groups including normal group, negative group 1, 2, 3, positive 1, 2, treatment group I (EECP 100 mg/kgbw), treatment group II (EECP 300 mg/kgbw), and treatment group III (EECP 500 mg/kgbw). Rifampicin (50 mg/kgbw), isoniazid (50 mg/kgbw), and EECP were given 28 days, on day 29 rats were dissected and blood was taken and the total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and HDL levels were measured. Results: The results showed that the ethanol extract of papaya seeds at a dose of 100 mg / kgbb, 300 mg / kgbb, and 500 mg / kgbw could reduce levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and increase HDL levels. The dose of 500 mg / kgbw was not statistically significant (P> 0.05) with the normal group. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Carica papaya has a potential effect of preventing the destruction of lipid metabolism effect by reducing the LDL, Trygliseride, Cholesterol Total, and increasing the level of HDL.

scholarly journals Potential of Carica papaya Seed-Derived Bio-Coagulant to Remove Turbidity from Polluted Water Assessed through Experimental and Modeling-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5715
Author(s):  
Amir Hariz Amran ◽  
Nur Syamimi Zaidi ◽  
Achmad Syafiuddin ◽  
Loh Zhang Zhan ◽  
Muhammad Burhanuddin Bahrodin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Papaya Seeds ◽  
Carica Papaya Seed ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Central Composite

It is important to develop renewable bio-coagulants to treat turbid water and efficient use of these bio-coagulants requires process optimization to achieve robustness. This study was conducted to optimize the coagulation process using bio-coagulant of deshelled Carica papaya seeds by employing response surface methodology (RSM). This bio-coagulant was extracted by a chemical-free solvent. The experiments were conducted using the Central Composite Design (CCD). Initially, the functional groups and protein content of the bio-coagulant were analyzed. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis showed that the bio-coagulant contained OH, C=O and C-O functional groups, which enabled the protein to become polyelectrolyte. The highest efficiency of the bio-coagulant was obtained at dosage of 196 mg/L, pH 4.0 and initial turbidity of 500 NTU. At the optimum conditions, the bio-coagulant achieved 88% turbidity removal with a corresponding 83% coagulation activity. These findings suggested that the deshelled Carica papaya seeds have potential as a promising bio-coagulant in treating the polluted water.

scholarly journals Ethanol Extract of Young Papaya Seeds (Carica Papaya, L ) Lower the Level of testosterone, Spermatozoa Count and Expression of Androgen Receptors in Sertoli Cells of Adult Mice (Mus Musculus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
I Dewa Made Ruspawan ◽  
I Made Bakta ◽  
I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya ◽  
Bagus Komang Satriyasa ◽  
I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman Arijana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Androgen Receptor Expression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Papaya Seeds

Background: Ethanol extract of young papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) contains steroids that thought to has the antifertility property. This study aims to prove this hypothesis by measuring the low levels of testosterone hormone, spermatozoa count, and androgen receptor expression in sertoli cells. Material and Method:We use the randomized post-test only control group design on thirty-six male Balb/c strain adult male mice aged 12-14 weeks, weight 20-25 grams. They were randomly divided into a control and treatment group. The treatment group was given the same food as the control group plus ethanol extract of young papaya seeds 20 mg/20 gram body weight as much as 0.5 ml, orally every day for thirty-six days. Data were analyzed using the independent-sample T-test and Mann Whitney test. Result:The levels in the treatment group were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those in the control. Testosterone levels 31,64±1,91 vs 48,67±1,81 nmol/L, spermatozoa count 42,72±3,33 vs 75,89±4,71 cell/field of view, and androgen receptor expression 28,11±3.06% vs 55.07±2.49%. Conclusion:The ethanol extract of young papaya seeds 20 mg/20 g body weight has the antifertility property.

scholarly journals Turbid Water Treatment Using Deshelled Carica papaya Seed: Analysis Via Factorial Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 7787-7795
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Operational Factors ◽  
Papaya Seeds ◽  
Carica Papaya Seed ◽  
Papaya Seed

Natural coagulants are proven to be a good alternative to conventional coagulants with the removal of various pollutants and are environmentally friendly. Despite its advantages, the least studies were carried out on local agro-wastes such as papaya seeds as natural coagulants concerning different operational factors. The study analyzes the main and interactions effect between the coagulant dosage, initial turbidity, and pH on deshelled Carica papaya seeds for turbid water treatment. A 2-level factorial design was used to investigate the main and interaction effects of the main operational factors, viz. coagulant dosage (50-200 mg/L), pH (3-7), and initial turbidity (100-500 NTU) on the turbidity removal of the synthetic turbid water. Based on individual performance, the results suggested that initial turbidity and pH are the most significant factors among the investigated operational factors. In combination, all interactions are significant, but the interaction between initial turbidity and pH is most significant, with 97.2% turbidity removal. Upon application of Carica papaya seed as a natural coagulant in water and wastewater treatment, these operating variables and their interactions are best to be considered.

scholarly journals Formulasi Sediaan Krim Anti Jerawat Ekstrak Etanol Biji Pepaya Muda (Carica papaya L.) Serta Uji Aktivitasnya Terhadap Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosaATCC 27825 dan Staphylococcus aureusATCC 25923 (Anti Acne Cream Formulation for Young Papaya Seed (Carica papaya L.) Ethanol Extract and Activity Test Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27825 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923)

MEDULA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuralifah Nuralifah ◽  
Feri Indradewi ◽  
Parawansah Parawansah ◽  
Satriana Nasrun
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Papaya Seeds ◽  
Dispersive Power

Background: Young papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) contained terpenoids, alkaloids karpain and flavonoids that have been examined has antibacterial activity. Purpose: This study aims to obtain anti-acne cream from extract of young papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) that possess antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27825. Methods: Extract of young papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) was obtained by maceration process using ethanol 96% and the antibacterial activity of extract conducted by well diffusion method. then the extract formulated into anti acne cream dosage and then tested to characteristic properties including pH test, dispersive power test, organoleptic test, homogeneity test, viscosity test and irritation test. Result: The results showed anti acne creams of extract young papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) produced qualified standard and did not cause irritation. Conclusion: Anti acne cream containing extract concentration of 10% can inhibited bacteria of S. aureus ATCC 25923 with inhibition zone of 17,5 mm and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27825 with inhibition zone of 19,3 mm.Keyword: seeds of papaya (Carica papaya L.), anti acne creamLatar Belakang: Biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L) mengandung terpenoid, alkaloid karpain dan flavonoid, yang telah diteliti memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh sediaan krim anti jerawat dari ekstrak biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L) yang memiliki aktivitas anti bakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 dan Pseudomonas aureginosa ATCC 27825. Metode: Ekstrak biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L) diperoleh melalui proses maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, serta uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak dilakukan dengan metode sumuran. Ekstrak selanjutnya diformulasikan menjadi sediaan krim anti jerawat dan dilakukan uji karakterisasi meliputi uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji viskositas dan uji iritasi. Hasil: Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan sediaan krim anti jerawat ekstrak biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L) yang dihasilkan memenuhi syarat standar nilai pH, daya sebar dan viskositas. Hasil uji iritasi memperlihatkan formula krim tidak menimbulkan iritasi. Simpulan: Sediaan krim anti jerawat dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 10% dapat menghambat bakteri S.aureus ATCC 25923 dengan hambatan sebesar 17,5 mm dan P. aeruginosa ATCC 27825 dengan hambatan sebesar 19,3 mm.Kata Kunci: biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L), krim anti jerawat

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective Effect of Papaya Seed Ethanol Extract on Rifampicin Isoniazid-induced Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Yessi Sunari Wahfar ◽  
I. Nyoman Ehrich Lister ◽  
Edy Fachrial
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Papaya Seeds ◽  
Papaya Seed

Aims: Hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tuberculosis drugs, including rifampicin and isoniazid (AT- DILI, Anti Tuberculosis-Drug Induced Liver Injury), is an adverse reaction followed by significant morbidity. Several in vivo and in vitro research has confirmed that papaya seeds contain various non-essentials, minerals, and fiber. Carica papaya role in disease prevention through modulation of various processes, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, immunomodulatory activity, and antioxidant activity, suggests a role in neutralizing free radical generation and ultimately preventing pathogenesis. This study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective effect of ethanol extract of papaya seeds on rifampicin and isoniazid- induced rats. Study Design:  This study is experimental study. Methodology: The experimental animals in this study were divided into eight groups, including normal group, negative group 1, negative group 2, negative group 3, positive group, treatment group I (papaya seed ethanol extract dose of 100 mg/kgBW), treatment group II (papaya seed ethanol extract dose of 300 mg/kgBW), and treatment group III (papaya seed ethanol extract dose of 500 mg/kgBW), then the rats were dissected, and blood was taken for AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, and Bilirubin level measurements. Results: The results showed that papaya seed ethanol extract could reduce ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, and Bilirubin levels that were significantly different (P <0.05) than those in the negative control group. Conclusion: Flavonoid contains in the extract ethanol carica papaya has vita role to prevent the liver toxicity caused by isoniazid and rifampicin.

Analgesic Effectivty Of Nanoparticles Chitosan-Ethanol Leaf Extract Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) In White Male Mice (Mus Mucculus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Juliferd Gredi ◽  
Wintari Taurina ◽  
Mohamad Andrie
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
White Male ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Optimal Formula

Papaya leaves has been shown to have efficacy as an analgesic. Analgesic effect caused by the flavonoids in leaves of papaya. To enhance the analgesic effi cacy papaya into dosage formulatio of nanoparticles. The purpose of this research was to create and characterized nanoparticles from ethanol extract of papaya leaves then tested for effectiveness as an analgesic. This study used polymer chitosan and NaTPP to created nanoparticles through ionic gelation method and analgesic activity tested using writhing test method and statistical tested. Optimal formula of nanoparticles were produced at concentration of 0.2% chitosan, Na-TPP extract 0.1% and 4% with a ratio of 6: 1: 1. The nanoparticles was formed a size of 255.4 nm with polidispers index of 0.7, the zeta potential of + 11,1mV, the adsorption effi ciency by 87% and rounded morphology (spherical). Analgesic effectiveness tested by comparison between the groups ethanol extract of papaya and the groups nanoparticles of chitosan-ethanol extract papaya statistically using the T-test Independent. The results of this research indicate that there are statistically signifi cant differences (p <0.05). This results shows that the preparation nanoparticles of chitosan-ethanol extract papaya is more effective as an analgesic than the ethanol extract of papaya leaves.

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