scholarly journals Population frequency and risk factors for depression in Eastern Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
High Background ◽  
Population Frequency ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Increased Risk

The research is aimed to analysis of age-specific and gender-based risk factors for affective pathologies. Based on the population of the Kharkiv region, the population frequency of affective disorders was determined. It was calculated as probability for an individual to be affected throughout life and can be used for scientific purposes and genetic counseling. The age-specific cumulative frequencies were calculated, reflecting the risk for an individual to be affected in a specific period of life. They can be reference points in genealogical analysis. It has been shown that, despite a higher frequency in women, depressive disorders manifest earlier and tend to be more severe in men. That is, the female sex is a factor of increased risk, while affected men have a high background of genetic predisposition. To analyze risk factors, statistical material from specialized medical institutions of the Kharkiv region from 2010 to 2016 was used. The data were obtained from 1,199 patients who were hospitalized at the Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, that is, they had extremely severe degrees of affective disorder and, probably, had a more significant genetic component in the structure of individual predisposition. The proportion of hospitalized women (74.9 %) was three times higher than the proportion of men (25.1 %) that significantly differs from the population sex ratio and indicates that the female sex is a factor of increased risk for affective pathology. The age of onset for affective disorders was lower in men than in women: bipolar disorder in males manifests 6 years earlier than in females, depressive episode – 2 years, recurrent depression – 5 years, chronic mood disorders – 4 years. On average, the difference between age of onset in women (46.6 years, 95% CI 45.7–47.5) and men (42.7 years, 95% CI 41.0–44.3) is 4 years. The maximum risk of affective disorder in women is between the age of 50 and 60 years, in men there are two peaks – at 20–30 and 45–60 years. The population frequency, that is an indicator of the risk for an affective disorder in the population of the Kharkiv region, is 0.21 %. The probability of affective disorder for men is 0.15 %, for women this indicator is 1.7 times higher – 0.26 %.

scholarly journals Do risk factors for suicidal behavior differ by affective disorder polarity?

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Fiedorowicz ◽  
A. C. Leon ◽  
M. B. Keller ◽  
D. A. Solomon ◽  
J. P. Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors

BackgroundSuicide is a leading cause of death and has been strongly associated with affective disorders. The influence of affective disorder polarity on subsequent suicide attempts or completions and any differential effect of suicide risk factors by polarity were assessed in a prospective cohort.MethodParticipants with major affective disorders in the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Collaborative Depression Study (CDS) were followed prospectively for up to 25 years. A total of 909 participants meeting prospective diagnostic criteria for major depressive and bipolar disorders were followed through 4204 mood cycles. Suicidal behavior was defined as suicide attempts or completions. Mixed-effects, grouped-time survival analysis assessed risk of suicidal behavior and differential effects of risk factors for suicidal behavior by polarity. In addition to polarity, the main effects of age, gender, hopelessness, married status, prior suicide attempts and active substance abuse were modeled, with mood cycle as the unit of analysis.ResultsAfter controlling for age of onset, there were no differences in prior suicide attempts by polarity although bipolar participants had more prior severe attempts. During follow-up, 40 cycles ended in suicide and 384 cycles contained at least one suicide attempt. Age, hopelessness and active substance abuse but not polarity predicted suicidal behavior. The effects of risk factors did not differ by polarity.ConclusionsBipolarity does not independently influence risk of suicidal behavior or alter the influence of well-established suicide risk factors within affective disorders. Suicide risk assessment strategies may continue to appraise these common risk factors without regard to mood polarity.

scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors for recurrent cardiovascular disease in middle-eastern adults: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romona D. Govender ◽  
Saif Al-Shamsi ◽  
Elpidoforos S. Soteriades ◽  
Dybesh Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Individuals with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk factors such as age, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus are at an increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular events and death. The incidence rate of recurrent CVD events varies between countries and populations. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has one of the highest age-standardized death rates for CVD worldwide. The aim of our study was to estimate the incidence rates and determine the predictors of recurrent CVD events among UAE nationals. Methods We investigated an outpatient-based cohort of patients with a history of CVD visiting Tawam Hospital between April 1, 2008 and December 31, 2008. They were followed-up until July 31, 2018. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to determine the association between major CVD risk factors and the risk of CVD recurrence. Results A total of 216 patients (167 males, 49 females) with a history of CVD were included. They were followed for a median (interquartile range) of 8.1 (5.5–9.3) years, with a total of 1184 patient-years of follow-up. The overall incidence rate of recurrent CVD events was 92.1 per 1000 patient-years. The 8-year cumulative incidence was 73.7%. Age, female sex, and diabetes mellitus were significant predictors of recurrent CVD events, where females had a 1.96 times higher risk of recurrent CVD events than males. Conclusion Significant predictors of recurrent CVD events are older age, female sex, and diabetes mellitus. The incidence rate of recurrent CVD events was 92.1 per 1000 patient-years. Preventive measures, based on international guidelines for CVD management, may improve CVD morbidity and mortality in the UAE population.

Do Biologics Protect Patients With Psoriasis From Myocardial Infarction? A Retrospective Cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 536-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne P. Gulliver ◽  
Shane Randell ◽  
Susanne Gulliver ◽  
Sean Connors ◽  
Hervé Bachelez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Biologic Therapy ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Severe Psoriasis ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder that affects approximately 2% to 3% of the population, which translates to 17 million in North America and Europe and approximately 170 million people worldwide. Although psoriasis can occur at any age, most cases develop before age 40 years. Some larger studies have noted bimodal age at onset with the first peak occurring at approximately age 30 years and the second peak at around 55 to 60 years, but most patients have a younger age of onset (15-30 years). Psoriasis is associated with multiple comorbidities, decreased quality of life, and decreased longevity of life. Two recent systematic reviews and a meta-analysis concluded that psoriasis patients are at increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Multiple studies confirm that many of the comorbidities found in patients with psoriasis are also important risk factors for cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using charts from a dermatology clinic combined with an administrative database of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. We examined the role of clinical predictors (age of onset of psoriasis, age, sex, biologic use) in predicting incident myocardial infarction (MI). Results: Logistic regression revealed that age of onset (odds ratio [OR], 8.85; P = .005), advancing age (OR, 1.07; P < .0001), and being male (OR, 3.64; P = .018) were significant risk factors for the development of MI. Neither biologic therapy nor duration of biologic therapy were statistically significant risk factors for the development of MI. Our study found that in patients with psoriasis treated with biologics, there was a nonsignificant trend in reduced MI by 78% (relative risk, 0.18; 95% confidence interval, 0.24-1.34; P = .056). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a trend toward decreased MI in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis on biologics. Patients with an early age of onset of psoriasis (<25 years) were nearly 9 times more likely to have an MI. Clinicians should consider appropriate cardiovascular risk reduction strategies in patients with psoriasis.

Diagnosing Affective Disorder in Adolescents: The Use of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia

1985 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Kutcher ◽  
G. Yanchyshyn ◽  
Carole Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Past History ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Good Measure ◽  
Traditional Assessment ◽  
Assessment Period ◽  
History Of

The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia was administered to 42 consecutively hospitalized psychiatrically disturbed adolescents. The SADS proved to be a good measure of current affective disorder and also identified a large number of adolescents with a positive past history of affective disorder. These patients had not been so identified by traditional assessment means. The use of a semi-structured interview is to be encouraged in the assessment period of psychiatrically disturbed adolescents and in further research at attempts to define the parameters of depressive disorders occurring in adolescents.

Female sex and standardized mitomycin-c dose are associated with increased risk of neutropenia after hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15091-15091
Author(s):  
L. A. Lambert ◽  
T. S. Armstrong ◽  
J. J. Lee ◽  
M. H. Katz ◽  
C. Eng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ◽  
Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Complication Risk ◽  
Estimated Blood Loss ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Crs And Hipec

15091 Background: Cytoreductive sugery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are being increasingly employed in the managment of peritoneal-based malignancies. Depending on the treatment regimen, neutropenia (NP) is a common and potentially life-threatening early postoperative complication of HIPEC. However, little is known about the incidence or risk factors associated with HIPEC-induced NP. Methods: From January 1993 to October 2006, 120 CRS and HIPEC with mitomycin-c (MMC) were performed in 117 patients with appendiceal neoplasm. NP was defined as an absolute neutrophil count of < 1,000/mm3. Variables assessed as potential risk factors for HIPEC-induced NP included: age, sex, weight, BMI, BSA, splenectomy, dose of MMC (standardized for BSA and nonstandardized), percent of perfusate recovered, length of surgery, estimated blood loss, perioperative blood transfusion, and history of prior chemotherapy. Results: Total perfusate MMC doses ranged between 37.25 and 65 mg. The overall incidence of NP was 39.2%. The NP rates in female and male were 57.6% and 21.3%, respectively. Female sex, BMI, BSA, and the standardized dose of MMC were significantly associated with an increased risk of NP by univariable logistic regression. Female sex and standardized dose of MMC remained statistically significant for an increased risk of NP on multivariable logistic regression. The odds ratio (OR) of NP for females was 3.63 (95% CI: 1.54, 8.52); the OR of NP for a 1 mg/m2 increase in standardized MMC dose was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.44). No other variables were identified as independent predictors of increased or decreased risk of NP. Compared to patients without NP, patients with NP had a higher rate of urinary tract infection (42.6% vs. 21.1%, p=0.01) and slightly higher length of stay (median: 24.0 days vs. 18.5 days, p=0.16). Conclusions: NP is a common complication after HIPEC with MMC . Female patients are at significantly increased risk for this complication. Risk of NP also increases with MMC dose standardized for BSA. With increasing interest in the use of CRS and HIPEC, understanding the risk factors for HIPEC-induced NP may facilitate reducing the morbidity associated with this procedure. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Population Attributable Fraction of Early Age of Onset of Alcohol Use in Alcohol Abuse and Dependence: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study in University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Caamano-Isorna ◽  
Amy Adkins ◽  
Fazil Aliev ◽  
Lucía Moure-Rodríguez ◽  
Danielle M. Dick
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcohol Abuse And Dependence

Background: we aimed to determine the risk factors and associated population attributable fractions (PAFs) for the age of onset of alcohol use and also to identify protective factors. Methods: we analyzed follow-up data collected between autumn 2011 and spring 2016 (n = 5170) from the first two cohorts (2011, 2012) of the Spit for ScienceTM project. The dependent variables were alcohol abuse and dependence, and the independent variables were age of drinking onset, residence, ethnicity, religiosity, sexual orientation and work status. We determined the odds ratios (OR) using multilevel logistic regression for repeated measures in SPSSv.20. Results: the early onset of alcohol use was associated with an increased risk of alcohol abuse and dependence among females (OR = 14.98; OR = 11.83) and males (OR = 7.41; OR = 6.24). The PAFs for the early onset of alcohol use in alcohol abuse and dependence were respectively 80.9% and 71.7% in females and 71.0% and 63.5% in males. Among females, being white (OR = 1.58; OR = 1.51), living off-campus (OR = 1.73; OR = 2.76) and working full-time (OR = 1.69; OR = 1.78) were also risk factors. Strong religious beliefs were found to protect males from alcohol abuse (OR = 0.58), while same-gender sexual orientation increased the risk among females (OR = 2.09). Conclusion: delaying the age of onset by one year would reduce alcohol abuse among young adults.

Risk factors of venous thromboembolism in patients with nephrotic syndrome: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanna Shinkawa ◽  
Satomi Yoshida ◽  
Tomotsugu Seki ◽  
Motoko Yanagita ◽  
Koji Kawakami
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Nephrotic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the risk factors of VTE in nephrotic syndrome, other than hypoalbuminemia and severe proteinuria, are not well established. Therefore we aimed to investigate the risk factors of VTE in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Methods This retrospective cohort study used data from a Japanese nationwide claims database. We identified patients ≥18 years of age hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Through multivariable logistic regression, we determined the risk factors of VTE in patients with nephrotic syndrome during hospitalization. Results Of the 7473 hospitalized patients with nephrotic syndrome without VTE, 221 (3.0%) developed VTE. In the VTE group, 14 (6.3%), 11 (5.0%) and 198 (89.6%) patients developed pulmonary embolism, renal vein thrombosis and deep vein thrombosis, respectively. We found that female sex {odds ratio [OR] 1.39 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–1.85]}, body mass index (BMI) ≥30 [OR 2.01 (95% CI 1.35–2.99)], acute kidney injury [AKI; OR 1.67 (95% CI 1.07–2.62)], sepsis [OR 2.85 (95% CI 1.37–5.93)], lupus nephritis [OR 3.64 (95% CI 1.58–8.37)] and intravenous corticosteroids use [OR 2.40 (95% CI 1.52–3.80)] were associated with a significantly higher risk of developing VTE. Conclusions In patients with nephrotic syndrome, female sex, BMI ≥30, AKI, sepsis, lupus nephritis and intravenous corticosteroid use may help evaluate the risk of VTE.

Children of Parents with Bipolar Disorder: A Metaanalysis of Risk for Mental Disorders

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Lapalme ◽  
Sheilagh Hodgins ◽  
Catherine LaRoche
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Raw Data

Objective: To compare the prevalence rates of mental disorders among children of parents with bipolar disorder and of parents with no mental disorders. Method: Seventeen studies, meeting specific selection criteria, were included in the metaanalyses. Risks for mental disorders among children were estimated by aggregating raw data from the selected studies. Results: Results indicate that in comparison with children of parents with no mental disorders, children of parents with bipolar disorder are 2.7 times more likely to develop any mental disorder and 4.0 times more likely to develop an affective disorder. The metaanalyses indicate that during childhood and adolescence, the risks for any mental disorder and for affective disorders in children are consistently but moderately related to having a parent who suffers from bipolar disorder. Conclusions: Risk factors that could account for the psychopathology observed in children of bipolar parents are explored.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Doctors During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanying He ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Lijuan Zhang ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Weiwei Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
The Self ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
A Minor

Background: The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and their risk factors among doctors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods: A hospital-based survey study was conducted. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze anxiety and depressive symptoms across independent variables.Results: A total of 1,521 doctors were included; 11.11% (169/1,521) of the doctors had anxiety symptoms, and 16.90% (257/1,521) had depressive symptoms. Female sex [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.21–2.34; P = 0.002] and having a minor child (aOR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.50–3.56; P &lt; 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of anxiety symptoms. Female sex (aOR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.18–2.06; P = 0.002) and having a minor child (aOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.06–2.01; P = 0.022) were associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms. Older age (aOR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.98–0.99; P = 0.008) was associated with a decreased risk of depressive symptoms.Conclusions: Anxiety and depressive symptoms have been common mental health problems in doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that female sex, having a minor child, and younger age were major risk factors for the development of anxiety and depressive symptoms among doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Schizophrenia and suicide: Systematic review of risk factors

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Hawton ◽  
Lesley Sutton ◽  
Camilla Haw ◽  
Julia Sinclair ◽  
Jonathan J. Deeks
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Motor Restlessness ◽  
Robust Evidence

BackgroundSuicide risk is greatly increased in schizophrenia. Detection of those at risk is clinically important.AimsTo identify risk factors for suicide in schizophrenia.MethodThe international literature on case-control and cohort studies of patients with schizophrenia or related conditions in which suicide was reported as an outcome was systematically reviewed. Studies were identified through searching electronic databases and reference lists, and by consulting experts.ResultsTwenty-nine eligible studies were identified. Factors with robust evidence of increased risk of suicide were previous depressive disorders (OR=3.03, 95% CI 2.06–4.46), previous suicide attempts (OR=4.09, 95% CI 2.79–6.01), drug misuse (OR=3.21, 95% CI 1.99–5.17), agitation or motor restlessness (OR=2.61, 95% CI 1.54–4.41), fear of mental disintegration (OR=12.1, 95% CI 1.89–81.3), poor adherence to treatment (OR=3.75, 95% CI 2.20–6.37) and recent loss (OR=4.03, 95% CI 1.37–11.8). Reduced risk was associated with hallucinations (OR=0.50, 95% CI 0.35–0.71).ConclusionsPrevention of suicide in schizophrenia is likely to result from treatment of affective symptoms, improving adherence to treatment, and maintaining special vigilance in patients with risk factors, especially after losses.

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