Morphometric characteristics of the mucous membrane and the cartilaginous component of the larynx are normal at different times during the experimental opioid effect and during withdrawal

Background. The problem of uncontrolled use of opioid drugs is extremely relevant based on the data of domestic and world statistics which are covered in the scientific literature. That is why the study of indicators of morphometric characteristics of the laryngeal mucosa under opioid exposure under experimental opioid exposure will be of interest to both morphologists and practical otorhinolaryngologists. Objective: To study the morphometric parameters of the laryngeal mucosa in normal at different times of the experimental opioid effect and its cancellation. Methods. The material of the study were sexually mature, outbred rats - males in the amount of 61 animals, weighing 80 - 135 g, aged 4.5 - 7.5 months. Histological specimens were prepared according to conventional methods. All morphometric studies were performed using primary (unedited) photographs taken on a Meiji MT4300 LE microscope, Canon EOS 550D x100 lens. All statistical calculations were performed using RStudio v. 1.2.5042. Results. Throughout the experiment, the change of morphometric parameters of the laryngeal mucosa with signs of wavy growth and decline was clearly observed at all times. More positive was the dynamics of morphometric parameters after the abolition of the opioid analgesic, which hypothetically suggests the process of recovery of the mucosa, even after prolonged administration of the opioid.

Download Full-text

Dynamics of changes in the ultrastructural characteristics of the mucosa and cartilage of the larynx of rats at the end of 35 and 42 days of experimental opioid exposure and after 56 days with opioid withdrawal

Journal of Education, Health and Sport ◽

10.12775/jehs.2021.11.09.099 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 841-851

Author(s):

K. Ivasivka ◽

E. Paltov ◽

Z. Masna ◽

I. Chelpanova

Keyword(s):

Mucous Membrane ◽

Opioid Analgesic ◽

Ultrastructural Level ◽

Opioid Withdrawal ◽

Ultrastructural Organization ◽

National Medical ◽

Laryngeal Mucosa ◽

Medical University ◽

And Cartilage ◽

Different Parts

In our work, we studied the ultrastructural organization of rat laryngeal mucosa and cartilage at the end of 35 and 42 days of experimental opioid exposure and at the end of 56 days with opioid withdrawal. As a result of our study at the end of the 35th day at the ultrastructural level revealed hypersecretion of goblet cells, mucus contained impurities of lymphocytes, single neutrophils and erythrocytes. In the enlarged lumens of the hemocapillaries of the lamina propria of the mucous membrane and submucosal base of different parts of the larynx, the adhesion of erythrocytes was noted. At the end of 42 days in rats, the changes were characterized by moderate damage to cytoplasmic organelles in epitheliocytes. Alternative changes developed in the chondrocytes of elastic and hyaline cartilages. Marked by an increase in the number of active fibroblasts, next to which were numerous fibrils of collagen fibers. The main substance of connective tissue, near dilated vessels, was impregnated with transudate, which was accompanied by the development of perivasal edema. Glycogen grains and vacuoles filled with neutral fats were visualized in the cytoplasm of chondrocytes.At the end of 56 days in rats with two-week withdrawal of the opioid analgesic, we found the development of alternative processes in the epitheliocytes of different parts of the larynx, as well as in chondrocytes, especially in elastic cartilage. Dyscirculatory processes in vessels of own plate of a mucous membrane and a submucous basis of various departments of a larynx were registered. Necrotic changes developed in the columnar epitheliocytes of the submucosal mucosa. Mitochondria swelled, their matrix brightened, cristae collapsed. The results of the article correspond to the research plan of Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University and are part of the research topic of the Department of Normal Anatomy "Morphofunctional features of organs in pre - and postnatal periods of ontogenesis, under the influence of opioids, food supplements, reconstructive surgery and obesity" 0120U002129) during 2020 - 2024.

Download Full-text

A new look on the morphometric characteristics of Congridae leptocephali from the southern Adriatic Sea

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315421000229 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

M. Mandić ◽

I. Leonori ◽

A. De Felice ◽

S. Gvozdenović ◽

A. Pešić

Keyword(s):

Fish Species ◽

Adriatic Sea ◽

Pelagic Fish ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Morphometric Characteristics ◽

Small Pelagic Fish ◽

Acoustic Surveys ◽

Western Side ◽

Conger Conger

Abstract Anguillid leptocephali of three Congridae species (Conger conger, Ariosoma balearicum and Gnathophis mistax) were caught as bycatch of pelagic trawls during acoustic surveys targeting small pelagic fish species in the southern Adriatic Sea, carried out under the framework of the Italian MEDIAS project (western side) and its extension in the ambit of the FAO AdriaMed project (eastern side). Results refer to the findings of Congridae leptocephali during surveys conducted in 2011, 2014, 2015 and 2016. A total of 25 specimens were caught and analysed (morphological features and pigmentation patterns). Leptocephali of Conger conger were found in the range of 8.4–13.1 cm total length (TL) (between 50 and 132 m depth), Ariosoma balearicum from 9.7–12.2 cm TL (between 50 and 128 m depth) and for Gnathophis mystax in the range from 6.4–11.7 cm TL (between 40 and 79 m depth). The results indicate that the southern Adriatic Pit could be the spawning area of these species in the Adriatic Sea. Present data represent a contribution to existing knowledge about the ecology of leptocephali from the Congridae family in the southern Adriatic Sea, and also indicate the existence of differences in morphometric parameters between different areas, that is, the possibility of the existence of new geographic lines within the genus Ariosoma in the Adriatic Sea.

Download Full-text

Morphometric characteristics of inflorescences and phenology of introduced plants of the genus Crataegus L. in the Kola subarctic conditions

Samara Journal of Science ◽

10.17816/snv201983106 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 42-46

Author(s):

Olesya Evgenievna Zotova ◽

Oksana Aleksandrovna Goncharova

Keyword(s):

Short Duration ◽

Early Onset ◽

Linear Growth ◽

Average Duration ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Morphometric Characteristics ◽

Introduced Plants ◽

Timely Completion ◽

Northern Cities

This paper presents phenological development of seven introduced species of the genus Crataegus L. in the Kola North. The studied hawthorn species are characterized by early onset of vegetation, short duration of linear growth of shoots and a short vegetation period. Timely completion of growth processes and lignification of shoots contribute to successful adaptation of Crataegus plants under the conditions of introduction. The authors study morphometric parameters of flowers and inflorescences, decorative qualities, size and density of the inflorescence, the number of flowers in the inflorescence, the diameter of the flowers. The most decorative species of Crataegus during flowering are selected. The plants of the studied hawthorns are characterized by the average duration of the prefloral period, annual / irregular flowering. The most decorative species during flowering are the ones with larger flowers and inflorescences: C . maximoviczii and C . dahurica . Species with a large number of flowers are characterized by a denser inflorescence. Species with smaller flowers form smaller inflorescences and vice versa. In the conditions of the Kola Subarctic, the number of flowers in the inflorescence depends mainly on the specific features. C . maximoviczii is recommended for gardening in northern cities.

Download Full-text

THE VARIABILITY OF SHAPE AND MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND OF THE INFERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE OF SKULLS OF ADULTS

MORPHOLOGICAL NEWSLETTER ◽

10.20340/mv-mn.2017(25).4.37-39 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 37-39

Author(s):

S. D. Karayeva

Keyword(s):

Statistical Processing ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Human Anatomy ◽

Digital Data ◽

Biological Research ◽

Size And Shape ◽

Different Ages ◽

Conventional Methods ◽

Medical University ◽

Inferior Orbital Fissure

The aim of the study was to identify the variability of morphometric parameters and the shape of the inferior orbital fissure. The forms and morphometric parameters of the lower orbital gap were studied in 131 passportized skulls of people of different ages from the craniological collection of the fundamental museum of the human anatomy chair of the Azerbaijan Medical University. Craniometric studies were carried out according to conventional methods. The digital data of our study were subjected to statistical processing, observing general provisions for medical and biological research. The study showed that, depending on the variability of the width of the 5 variants of the inferior orbital fissure. The most common are the inferior orbital fissure of medium width. The size and shape of the orbital fissure and orbits are interrelated and mediated by types of the scull. The size of inferior orbital fissure men more than women.

Download Full-text

Attitudes of surgical nurses toward postoperative opioid use: A qualitative study

Journal of Human Sciences ◽

10.14687/jhs.v17i3.5977 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 911-920

Author(s):

Sevim Şen ◽

Esra Usta ◽

Dilek Aygin

Keyword(s):

Nursing Education ◽

Pain Management ◽

Phenomenological Study ◽

Opioid Analgesic ◽

Opioid Use ◽

Face To Face ◽

Surgical Nurses ◽

Opioid Administration ◽

Opioid Drugs ◽

Analgesic Use

Aim: This study was aimed to investigate the attitudes of surgical nurses toward postoperative opioid use. Method: The descriptive phenomenological study consists of 30 surgical nurses in two hospitals in Turkey. Data were collected by semi-structured face to face interviews. Data analyses were done by qualitative theme analysis. Findings: As a result of the theme analysis, six themes related to surgical nurses' attitudes of postoperative opioid analgesic use were identified. These themes are named as follows: primary indications for opioids, safest route for opioid administration, complications observed following opioid administration, opioid addiction, opioid safety, feeling stressed while administrating opioids. Nurses (13/30) stated that intravenous way is safer as it affects fast, and it is easy to control; while 12 nurses said that intramuscular application is safer as there are few possibilities for complications. While all of the nurses were agreed on that opioids are addictive, eighteen of them think that opioid drugs are safe, and 16 stated that administering opioids did not create stress. Conclusions: Nurses face some obstacles related to the use of opioids in the process of pain management, such as the abuse of opioids and encountering side effects. Pain management and opioid use should be given a great place in nursing education.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Oxytocin on Reparative Histogenesis in the Periodontium and Mucous Membrane of the Airways (Experimental Study)

Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology ◽

10.18499/2225-7357-2019-8-3-18-25 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 18-25

Author(s):

V. N. Beznosik ◽

R. V. Beznosik ◽

A. A. Stadnikov ◽

N. N. Shevlyuk

Keyword(s):

Mucous Membrane ◽

Traumatic Injury ◽

Large Cell ◽

The Body ◽

Male Rats ◽

Cell Nuclei ◽

Additional Tool ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Trachea And Bronchi ◽

Sexually Mature

The aim of the study was to elucidate the role and significance of oxytocin in reparative histogenesis of tissues of various genesis using the example of periodontal tissues and extrapulmonary airways.Material and methods. Periodontitis and tracheobronchitis were simulated on sexually mature white outbred male rats. Periodontitis was simulated by traumatic injury to the periodontium, followed by the wound infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Introduction of oxytocin as an additional tool was used in the treatment of periodontitis. Experimental tracheobronchitis was simulated in rats by intratracheal infection with S. aureus (strains with and without antilactoferrin activity). Paraventricular large-cell nuclei of the hypothalamus were additionally destroyed in the simulated experimental tracheobronchitis (in order to reduce the production of endogenous oxytocin). The resulting material (the periodontium, alveolar processes, trachea and extrapulmonary bronchi) was examined using histological methods of investigation.Results. Analysis of histological sections demonstrated that when oxytocin was used in the complex therapy of experimental periodontitis, the proliferation and cyto-differentiation of fibroblasts, osteoblasts and cementoblasts was intensified, followed by their activation; this resulted in the optimization of reparative histogenesis in the structures of the periodontium and alveolar ridge. In animals with destruction of the paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus (against the background of an oxytocin deficiency in the body), a decrease in the reparative potential of the tracheal and bronchial mucosa was observed. Moreover, the severity of the inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchi with the introduction of staphylococci with antilactoferrin activity was significantly higher than that of animals that were administered staphylococci without antilactoferrin activity.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the optimizing and correcting effect of the hypothalamic nonapeptide oxytocin on the reparative regeneration of the studied periodontal and the trachea and bronchi structures.

Download Full-text

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LARYNGEAL MUCOSA AND CARTILAGE RAT IS NORMAL

World Science ◽

10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30072021/7635 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ivasivka K. P.

Keyword(s):

Mucous Membrane ◽

Fundamental Study ◽

Laryngeal Cartilage ◽

Laryngeal Mucosa ◽

The Future ◽

Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽

And Cartilage

In our work, the aim was to conduct a fundamental study of the issue concerning the ultrastructural characteristics of the mucous membrane and cartilaginous corset of the rat larynx in the norm.This information in the future will make it possible to form a base that will be used to compare the components of the mucosa and laryngeal cartilage in the norm with the dynamics of their changes as a result of experimental opioid exposure.

Download Full-text

Mucous membrane pemphigoid: nasal and laryngeal manifestations

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1258/002221503322542917 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 117 (11) ◽

pp. 885-888 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

O. J. H. Whiteside ◽

P. Martinez Devesa ◽

I. Ali ◽

J. W. R. Capper

Keyword(s):

Mucous Membrane ◽

Scar Tissue ◽

Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid ◽

Mucosal Surfaces ◽

Laryngeal Mucosa ◽

Diagnostic Role ◽

Blistering Disease ◽

Low Threshold ◽

Laser Excision ◽

Prompt Action

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a sub-epithelial blistering disease that primarily involves mucosal surfaces but may also involve the skin. Clinically, it appears as vesiculobullous lesions of the oral cavity and eyes, but other tissues such as the nasopharyngeal and laryngeal mucosa can also be affected. Ultimately, scarring and airway stenosis may occur. The condition should be managed by a multidisciplinary team led by a dermatologist. Immunosuppressive therapy forms the mainstay of treatment, with surgery having both a diagnostic role and a use in the treatment of complications such as airway obstruction. There must be a low threshold of suspicion for laryngeal involvement in this group of patients, so that prompt action can be taken. Once laryngeal stenosis has occurred repeated endoscopic laser excision of scar tissue can be used to maintain an adequate airway. Adjuvant use of mitomycin-C can be used beneficially in the treatment of laryngeal complications of MMP.

Download Full-text

A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26040800 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 800

Author(s):

Rimadani Pratiwi ◽

Eka Noviana ◽

Rizky Fauziati ◽

Daniel Blascke Carrão ◽

Firas Adinda Gandhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Analytical Methods ◽

Opioid Analgesic ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽

Drug Misuse ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Parent Molecule ◽

Opioid Drugs

Codeine is derived from morphine, an opioid analgesic, and has weaker analgesic and sedative effects than the parent molecule. This weak opioid is commonly used in combination with other drugs for over-the-counter cough relief medication. Due to the psychoactive properties of opioid drugs, the easily obtained codeine often becomes subject to misuse. Codeine misuse has emerged as a concerning public health issue due to its associated adverse effects such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and hemorrhage. Thus, it is very important to develop reliable analytical techniques to detect codeine for both quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and identifying drug misuse in the community. This review aims to provide critical outlooks on analytical methods applicable to the determination of codeine.

Download Full-text

Application of the morphometric maturity coefficient to determine terminal molt in the crab Chionoecetes angulatus from the Okhotsk Sea

Trudy VNIRO ◽

10.36038/2307-3497-2020-179-5-25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 179 ◽

pp. 5-25

Author(s):

S. I. Moiseev ◽

A. I. Buyanovsky ◽

A. N. Deminov ◽

S. V. Klinushkin ◽

S. A. Moiseeva

Keyword(s):

Functional Groups ◽

Sea Of Okhotsk ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Carapace Width ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Boundary Values ◽

Reliable Identification ◽

Abundance Estimate ◽

The Relationship ◽

Sexually Mature

Results of studies on the relationship between the claw morphometric parameters and the carapace width (CW) of the triangle crab (Chionoecetes angulatus) crab from the Sea of Okhotsk presented. For the operational screening and separation of males into morphometrically mature (ММ – large-clawed) and immature (MI – small-clawed) species, it is proposed to use the coefficient of morphometric maturity (K%). This coefficient can be defined as the ratio of claw height to carapace width (KH%) or as the ratio of claw diagonal to carapace width (KD%), expressed as a percentage. When assessing the coefficient of morphometric maturity (K%), the boundary value for KH% is 16, and for KD% it is 35, which allows reliable identification of large-clawed (MM) males at K% values above the boundary values, and small-clawed (MI) males at K% values below the boundary values. Four functional groups were distinguished in males of C. angulatus: 1) MI physiologically immature — CW ≤90 mm, KH% <13.5, and KD% ≤29; 2) MI physiologically mature — CW 90.1–120 mm, KH% 12–16 and KD% 25–35; 3) MI large-sized physiologically sexually mature — CW >120 mm, KH% 13–16 and KD% 29–35; 4) MM morphometrically and functionally mature — CW 74–167 mm, KH% >16 and KD% >35. The correlation of the onset of morphometric maturity with biochemical parameters of hemolymph and with the development of muscle tissue is discussed. For various functional groups of males C. angulatus, an abundance estimate was implemented taking into account the K% coefficient.

Download Full-text