scholarly journals Dynamics of the mandible bone tissue condition after the dental implantation and shockwave therapy

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
I.V. Chelpanova ◽  
O.Z. Masna-Chala ◽  
A.M. Yashchenko ◽  
Z.Z. Masna ◽  
Kh.I. Rudnytska
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dental Implantation

Background. The problem of restoration the integrity of the dentition after tooth loss remains one of the most problematic dental issues. Мodern dental technologies open a promising direction in its solution, in particular - the method of dental implantation. Objective. The aim of our work was to study the changes that occur in the bone tissue of the mandible after implantation of titanium foam and to determine the effect of shock wave therapy (SWT) on its structure restoration. Methods. The study was performed on 15 adult rabbits aged 6-7 months, weighing 2.5-3 kg. The animals from the experimental groups were implanted with titanium pin, 3 mm long. The pin was implanted under combined anesthesia bilaterally into the body of the mandible. One day after the operation, the animals received SWT 500 pulses with a frequency of 5 Hz and a maximum pressure at the wavefront of 1.2 Bar per implantation site using the device Storz Medical Master Plus MP 100. The animals were removed from the experiment on 15-th day, after which the mandible was disarticulated and radiographically performed. The obtained results were statistically significant. The differences at p<0.05 were considered significant. Results. The results showed that the bone tissue of the jaws during implantation undergoes traumatic injury, the results of which, two weeks after surgery on radiographs we can clearly see a violation of the bone tissue structure and a significant increase in its density. Using the SWT method, we obtained a positive dynamics of bone density after titanium pin implantation and slight Rh-changes in bone structure compared with normal. Conclusion. Аfter implantation with titanium pin the bone density of the rabbit lower jaw body is significantly reduced, X-ray shows the heterogeneity of bone structure, areas of sclerosis are expressed. Shock wave therapy helps to restore the quality of bone tissue, this is confirmed by the fact that the density indicators are close to the norm and X-ray shows some separate small areas of restructuring of bone tissue heterogeneity, mainly due to merging the pattern of the bone trabeculae of the bone cancellous part.

scholarly journals The pathophysiological basis of bone tissue alterations associated with eating disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela A. Greco ◽  
Andrea Lenzi ◽  
Silvia Migliaccio
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Low Bone Density ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Tissue Alterations

AbstractAnorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity are two major eating disorders present nowadays in Western countries. They are both characterized by striking body composition variations and hormonal alterations, which impact on skeletal metabolism, inducing bone tissue modifications and, thus, often cause an increased risk for fractures. AN and obesity are characterized by a severe reduction in fat mass and a high expression of it, respectively, and in both conditions hormones secreted or modulated by body fat content are important determinants of low bone density, impaired bone structure and reduced bone strength. In addition, in both AN and obesity, increased marrow adiposity, which correlates with low bone density, has been observed. This review will discuss the pathophysiological basis of bone alterations associated with AN and obesity, conditions of extreme energy deficiency and excess, respectively.

scholarly journals Results of the Study of Bone Tissue Density in Patients of the Study Groups at the Restoration of Bone Defects by Various Osteoplastic Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
A. V. Bambuliak ◽  
◽  
N. B. Kuzniak ◽  
R. R. Dmitrenko ◽  
S. V. Tkachik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Group A ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Group B

The restoration processes of damaged or lost bone tissue are an important and topical issue of surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery today. According to statistics, diseases that are accompaning by destructive changes in bone tissue occupy one of the dominant places among the nosologies of MFA. Along with the use of updated methods of surgical technique, both before and now the problem of choice of bone-plastic material is relevant, because it is known that osteoplasty opens up great opportunities for complete rehabilitation of patients. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of our developed osteoplastic composition for the restoration of bone defects in dentistry. Materials and methods. X-ray computed tomography to determine bone density was performed in 26 patients with bone defect replacement "Kolapan-L" (group A), 28 people during augmentation of our proposed osteoplastic composition "Kolapan-L" + multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells + platelet-rich plasma) (group B), and 25 patients where the healing of the bone defect occurred spontaneously (group B). X-ray computed tomography was performed on a 16-slice spiral computed tomography Siemens Somatom Emotionc. Image processing was performed using the program "Dicom". Statistical processing of research results was carried out using conventional methods of variation statistics. Results and discussion. After 1 year of research, the average value of the bone density in patients of group B was probably higher: 1.5 times and 1.8 times relative to the corresponding data in groups A and B. At the same time, the minimum value of the bone density in patients of subgroups A and B was 1.5 times and 1.8 times lower than in persons of group B (p <0.01, p1 <0.01). At the same time, the maximum values of the bone density in patients of group B, where the augmentation of bone defects was performed using our proposed composition, were 1.4 times (p <0.01) and 1.8 times (p <0.05, p1 <0.01) higher than in group A, in the replacement of bone defects "Kolapan-L" and in group B, where the healing of the bone defect was spontaneous, respectively. It was found that in patients of group B after 12 months of studies, the average density of osteoregeneration was 1036.69±55.53 (HU), which was 1.5 times and 1.8 times more than in group A (p <0.01) and in group B patients (p <0.05, p1 <0.01) respectively. Conclusion. The use of tissue equivalent of bone tissue, proposed by us to replace a bone defect based on multipotent mesenchymal adipose tissue cells, contributed to the maximum increase in bone density, with a slightly lower effect of increasing bone density in the augmentation of bone defects

scholarly journals POSTTRAUMATIC DENSITY OF THE BONE TISSUE OF THE RAT’S MANDIBLE WITHOUT PATHOLOGY, ON THE BACKGROUND OF NALBUPHINE INTAKE AND AFTER LINCOMYCIN TREATMENT

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (11(51)) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Rostyslav Sohuyko ◽  
Zoryana Masna ◽  
Khrystyna Pavliv
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Tissue Reconstruction ◽  
Density Dynamics ◽  
Ray Methods ◽  
Qualitative Changes

Numerous dental manipulations are accompanied by bone injuries. Various types of drug correction are widely used for correction and optimization of bone tissue reconstruction after bone-traumatic injury. The evaluation of the course of reparative osteogenesis becomes possible with the x-ray methods which gives the possibility to evaluate and predict early quantitative and qualitative changes in various pathological conditions, as well as to trace their dynamics in clinical and experimental conditions. In our research we have find out the peculiarities of the density dynamics of the bone tissue of the mandible after causing bone-traumatic injury to intact animals and animals that have been taking nalbuphine for a long time, as well as after treatment with lincomycin.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF EXOCRINE PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY IN THE FORMATION OF OSTEOPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY OSTEOARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 2238-2240
Author(s):  
Liliya S. Babinets ◽  
Iryna M. Halabitska ◽  
Iryna O. Borovyk ◽  
Olena V. Redkva ◽  
Halyna M. Sasyk
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Primary Osteoarthritis ◽  
Mineral Bone Density ◽  
Mineral Changes

The aim: Make complex study of bone density in patients with primary osteoarthritis and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and patients with primary osteoarthritis without exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Materials and methods: There were examined 140 patients with primary osteoarthritis without exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and combination osteoarthritis and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Diagnosis of osteoarthritis was based on diagnostic X-Ray criteria – according to J.H. Kellgren and J.S. Lawrence. The level of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was based on result of Elisa test. State of mineral bone density was examined by using dual-photon densitometry. Results: It was established that there was a progressive, statistical, significant increase of mineral density of bone tissue in the 1-st group patients with osteoarthritis. Patients in the 2-nd group, with osteoarthritis in the comorbidity with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, the densitogram rates were statistically significantly lower than in patients in the 1-st group. Conclusions: The changes of bone tissue can be explained by the formation of trophological insufficiency as a result of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. One of the symptoms of trophic failure is bone and mineral changes, in particular, the decrease of bone density.

An introduction to bone tissue engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željka Perić Kačarević ◽  
Patrick Rider ◽  
Said Alkildani ◽  
Sujith Retnasingh ◽  
Marija Pejakić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Tissue Scaffolds ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Degradation Rates

Bone tissue has the capability to regenerate itself; however, defects of a critical size prevent the bone from regenerating and require additional support. To aid regeneration, bone scaffolds created out of autologous or allograft bone can be used, yet these produce problems such as fast degradation rates, reduced bioactivity, donor site morbidity or the risk of pathogen transmission. The development of bone tissue engineering has been used to create functional alternatives to regenerate bone. This can be achieved by producing bone tissue scaffolds that induce osteoconduction and integration, provide mechanical stability, and either integrate into the bone structure or degrade and are excreted by the body. A range of different biomaterials have been used to this end, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. This review will introduce the requirements of bone tissue engineering, beginning with the regeneration process of bone before exploring the requirements of bone tissue scaffolds. Aspects covered include the manufacturing process as well as the different materials used and the incorporation of bioactive molecules, growth factors and cells.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Toxicity and Histological Effects of Al2O3 Nanoparticles on Bone Tissue in Animal Model: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hossein Soltaninejad ◽  
Hadi Zare-Zardini ◽  
Amir Ali Hamidieh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sobhan ◽  
Seyed Houssein Saeed-Banadaky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticle

The applications of nanostructures have been limited by their different toxicities. So, the investigation of these toxicities is necessary before nanostructure application. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles on bone density in Wistar rat. Al2O3 nanoparticle was prepared by the sol-gel method. Characterization was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Sixty-four male adult Wistar rats were divided into eight groups including six groups intravenously treated with Al2O3 nanoparticle at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/ml: one group received food and water as the control group, and one group received food and water as well as intravenously distilled water as an injection control group. After 41 days, bone density was analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). According to X-ray diffraction, the average particle size for Al2O3 nanoparticles was 20.85 nm. The data of densitometry showed that the bone density of right and left foot was reduced in concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 µg/ml that were statistically significant in comparison with the control group. The reduction of bone density was increased with the enhancement of nanostructures concentration. The effect of Al2O3 nanoparticles on bone density was similar in the left and right legs. Histopatholological assessment also showed that Al2O3 nanoparticles (250, 500, and 1000 µg/ml) lead to significant reduction of trabeculae. Empty lacunae are observed in these three groups. Considering that high concentrations of Al2O3 nanoparticles had toxicity on bone tissue, it must be used by more caution, especially its use as a coating in different devices such as implants, surgical instruments, and bone prostheses.

Improving diagnostics of periodontal diseases in children with connective tissue dysplasia based on X-ray morphometric and densitometric data

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-275
Author(s):  
B. N. Davydov ◽  
D. A. Domenyuk ◽  
S. V. Dmitrienko ◽  
T. A. Kondratyeva ◽  
Yu. S. Harutyunyan
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Peripheral Skeleton

Relevance. Detection of maxillofacial pathomorphological changes in children with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) allows identifying the nature and severity of disorders, as well as it serves the basis for selecting the best treatment options in view of the pathogenetic features. The purpose is to improve the diagnosis of periodontal diseases in children with CTD based on x-ray morphometric indices of the lower jaw and peripheral skeleton ultrasound osteodensitometry.Materials and methods. 92 children with varying CTD severity, and 43 healthy children, underwent cone-beam computed tomogram examination with a further analysis of their X-ray morphometric (quantitative, qualitative) values and the lower jaw optical density indices. Besides, the status of the peripheral skeleton bone tissue was also determined through quantitative ultrasonic densitometry.Results. Quantitative X-ray morphometric indices in healthy children and children with CTD revealed strong positive correlation with the Z-criterion of osteodensitometry, offering an objective reflection of the bone tissue status in the peripheral skeleton.Conclusion. CTD progression in children correlates with the bone structure destruction intensity in the maxillofacial area, an increase in chronic productive inflammation, a decrease in the bone density, bone tissue fibrous transformation, a decrease in the thickness of cortical, and fiber-dissociation in closing, plates, of the lower jaw, prevalence of mid- and fine-meshed bone pattern, disturbed spatial orientation and thinning of bone trabeculae, as well as the development of pathologies in the periodontium.

scholarly journals Effect of Shock Wave on Vascular Lesions in Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (22;5) ◽  
pp. E505-E510
Author(s):  
Chunjinig He
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Wave Treatment ◽  
Shock Wave Treatment ◽  
Group B

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in today’s society. Diabetes can cause multiple vascular lesions in the body, renal insufficiency, blindness, and so on. However, the evidence concerning the role of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in diabetic vascular disease is insufficient. Objectives: Observation of the effect of shock wave on vascular lesions in diabetic rats. Study Design: This study used an experimental design. Setting: The research took place in the laboratory research center at The Third Military Medical University. Methods: Eighteen healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group (group A), diabetic group (group B), and diabetes + shock wave treatment group (group C). Groups B and C were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 60 mg/kg to demonstrate a diabetic rat model. Shock wave treatment was performed on the left lower extremity femoral artery in group C for 1 week (T1), 2 weeks (T2), 3 weeks (T3), and 4 weeks (T4) while the other 2 groups were reared normally. At the end of T4 shock wave treatment, the femoral arteries of each group were observed under an electron microscope. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and angiotensin type 1 (AT1) were measured by western blot, and the changes of VEGF expression were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The VEGF and eNOS in group C were higher than those in group B (P < 0.05). The AT1 of the rats in the B and C groups was significantly higher than that in the A group (P < 0.05), but the C group was significantly lower than the B group (P < 0.05). After shock wave therapy, the surface of vascular endothelium in group C was flatter and smoother than that in group B, and the endothelial basement membrane and foot process were relatively tight. Limitations: Potential mechanisms that underlie the relationship between vascular dysfunction and diabetic neuropathy pain were not examined in this study. Conclusions: Shock wave may promote the formation of new blood vessels and improve vasomotor function by upregulating VEGF, eNOS, and downregulation of AT1 in diabetic rats and improve the damage of blood glucose to blood vessels to some extent. Key words: Shock wave, diabetic rats, vascular dysfunction, neovascularization

X-ray micro tomography in the scanning electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Brünger
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Scanning Electron

Reconstructive tomography is a new technique in diagnostic radiology for imaging cross-sectional planes of the human body /1/. A collimated beam of X-rays is scanned through a thin slice of the body and the transmitted intensity is recorded by a detector giving a linear shadow graph or projection (see fig. 1). Many of these projections at different angles are used to reconstruct the body-layer, usually with the aid of a computer. The picture element size of present tomographic scanners is approximately 1.1 mm2.Micro tomography can be realized using the very fine X-ray source generated by the focused electron beam of a scanning electron microscope (see fig. 2). The translation of the X-ray source is done by a line scan of the electron beam on a polished target surface /2/. Projections at different angles are produced by rotating the object.During the registration of a single scan the electron beam is deflected in one direction only, while both deflections are operating in the display tube.

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