scholarly journals Prevalence of antibiotic resistance Escherichia coli isolated from Pangasius catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fillet during freezing process at two factories in Mekong Delta Vietnam

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1785-1793
Author(s):  
D.A. Salako ◽  
P.N. Trang ◽  
N.C. Ha ◽  
T. Miyamoto ◽  
T.T.A. Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
E Coli

Total of 261 samples of fish and environmental samples (i.e. wash water, swabs of hand/ gloves of workers, fish contact surfaces i.e. knives, cutting boards and working tables) were collected from two Pangasius processing factories (PPF1 and PPF2). A total of seventy-one (71) isolates of Escherichia coli were selected to study the prevalence of antibiotics resistance using disk agar diffusion method. Overall, it was determined that 61% (22/36) of PPF1 isolates were resistant except to colistin while 68.57% (24/35) of PPF2 isolates were resistant except kanamycin. High resistance was against ampicillin in both PPF1 and PPF2 isolates (47.22% and 42.86%), followed by cefotaxime (33.33% and 40%) respectively. Varying resistance response to all other tested antibiotics such as streptomycin, meropenem, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and nalidixic acid was also observed among the E. coli isolates from both factories. About 50% of the multidrug resistant (3-9 antibiotics) among PPF1 were observed whereas there were 45.83% multi-drug resistant (3-7 antibiotics) among PPF2 isolates. The result from this study reflected that there was a prevalence of multi-drug resistance of E. coli isolated during the processing of Pangasius at the studied factories. Therefore, there is a need for an effective risk management assessment models and management plans from stakeholders involved in the Pangasius value chain (i.e. farmers, processors and government) to ensure the food safety of production chain

scholarly journals Evaluation of extended spectrum beta lactamase enzymes prevalence in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Ronak Bakhtiari ◽  
Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi ◽  
Hedroosha Molla Agamirzaei ◽  
Ailar Sabbaghi ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Resistance to b-lactam antibiotics by gramnegative bacteria, especially <em>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</em>, is a major public health issue worldwide. The predominant resistance mechanism in gram negative bacteria particularly <em>E. coli </em>is via the production of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBLs) enzymes. In recent years, the prevalence of b-lactamase producing organisms is increased and identification of these isolates by using disk diffusion method and no-one else is not satisfactory. So, this investigation focused on evaluating the prevalence of ESBL enzymes by disk diffusion method and confirmatory test (Combined Disk). Five hundred clinical samples were collected and 200 <em>E. coli </em>isolates were detected by standard biochemical tests. To performing initial screening of ESBLs was used from Disk diffusion method on <em>E. coli </em>isolates. A confirmation test (Combined Disk method) was performed on isolates of resistant to cephalosporin's indicators. Up to 70% isolates exhibited the Multi Drug Resistance phenotype. In Disk diffusion method, 128(64%) <em>E. coli </em>isolates which resistant to ceftazidime and cefotaxime while in Combined Disk, among 128 screened isolates, 115 (89.8%) isolates were detected as ESBLs producers. This survey indicate beta lactamase enzymes are playing a significant role in antibiotic resistance and correct detection of them in phenotypic test by using disk diffusion and combined Disk is essential for accurate recognition of ESBLs.

scholarly journals Prevalence and distribution of antimicrobial resistance determinants ofEscherichia coliisolates obtained from meat in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishmael Festus Jaja ◽  
James Oguttu ◽  
Ezekiel Green ◽  
Voster Muchenje
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Standard Culture

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to characterise antibiotics resistance ofEscherichia coliisolates from the formal meat sector (FMS) and informal meat sectors (INMS).MethodA total of 162 and 102E. coliisolates from the FMS, and INMS respectively were isolated by standard culture-based, and biochemical reactions. The isolates were further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The disc diffusion method was used to screen for antimicrobial susceptibility against 19 different antibiotics. The presence of class 1-2 integrons in eachE. coliisolates was assessed usingandregions specific primers.ResultAmong the 19 antimicrobials, resistance to tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, and nitrofurans were found to be more frequent than carbapenems and phenicol with a noticeable increase in the number of multi-drug resistance ranging from three to ten antimicrobials. A total of 20 resistance determinants were assessed with their prevalence and distributions obtained as follows for FMS and INMS respectively; [aminoglycosides:aadA(40.6%; 31.9%),aacC2(21.4%; 31%),aphA1(20.8%; 15.1%),aphA2(37.7%; 18.9%) andstrA(6.5%; 9.4%)], [β-lactams:ampC(20%; 45%),blaTEM, (4.4%; 13.3), andblaZ(8.9%; 2.2%)], [Chloramphenicol:catI(1.7%; 1.7%), andcmIA1(1.7%; 1.7%)] and [tetracyclines:tetA(7.7%; 15.4%),tetB(11.5%; 24%), andtetM, (1.9%; 8.7%)], and [sulfonamides: sul1 (22.2%; 26.7%), sul2 (17.8%; 6.7%)].ConclusionMultiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexes ranged from 0.2 - 0.5. The results reveal a high prevalence of multidrug-resistantE. coliisolates and resistance determinants suggesting that consumers and handlers of such meat are at risk of contracting antibiotic resistantE. coli-related foodborne disease.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance, diarrheagenic and avian pathogenic virulence genes in Escherichia coli from poultry feed and the ingredients

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1968-1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Rossato ◽  
B.G. Brito ◽  
R.K.T. Kobayashi ◽  
V.L. Koga ◽  
J.J.P. Sarmiento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Gene ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Phylogenetic Classification ◽  
Mar Index

ABSTRACT Diarrheagenic (DEC) and avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are associated with intestinal and extra-intestinal infections (ExPEC), respectively. We aimed to analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility, gene encoding virulence factors associated to DEC and APEC, and phylogenetic classification in E. coli isolated from 320 samples of feed and ingredients. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the disk diffusion method and Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) Index and Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) were calculated. Phylogenetic classification was performed on samples harboring DEC and/or APEC virulence-associated genes. A total of 110 E. coli strains were isolated in 15% (49/320) of the evaluated inputs (n=13 vegetable meal; n=33 animal meal, n=3 feed). In general, the isolates showed the highest rates of antimicrobial resistance to sulfonamide and cefazolin and 18% (20/110) were multi-drug resistant. MAR index of feed samples was the highest (0.467). Six and five strains had APEC and DEC virulence-associated genes, respectively, and belonging to phylogenetic groups A and B1. These findings point to the need for strict microbiological control during the production process of these foods.

scholarly journals The relationship between phylogenetic groups and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli strains isolated from feces and urine of patients with acute or recurrent urinary tract infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Norouzian ◽  
Mohammad Katouli ◽  
Nader Shahrokhi ◽  
Sharam Sabeti ◽  
Mohammad Pooya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Biochemical Fingerprinting ◽  
Group D

Background and Objectives: B2 and D have been mentioned as the most common phylogenetic groups among uropatho- genic Escherichia coli. However, there is still controversy about the importance of these phylo-groups. This study was con- ducted to investigate the probable relation between these groups and antibiotic resistance patterns of E. coli isolates derived from urine and feces of the patients with acute or recurrent UTI. Materials and Methods: 10 isolates were recovered from urine and feces samples of patients with different phases of UTI in whom E. coli was causative pathogen. Biochemical fingerprinting was performed to classify the isolates and select their appropriate representatives. Phylogenetic grouping was performed using multiplex PCR, and antibiotic resistance was deter- mined by disk diffusion method. Results: Five-hundred-sixty E. coli isolates were derived from 56 UTI patients (27 acute, 29 recurrent). Among them, 261 isolates were selected using biochemical fingerprinting. All the isolates were sensitive to imipenem and nitrofurantoin. Com- pared to other phylo-groups, the isolates in group D showed considerably different frequencies in acute vs. recurrent phase of UTI, in urine vs. stool samples, in males vs. females, and in- vs. out-patients. They were more resistant to the antibiotics (except norfloxacin), and in contrast to others, this was seen more in acute UTI, especially in urine samples. Multi-drug resistance pattern was also meaningfully higher in group D. Conclusion: Although phylo-groups B2 and D of E. coli bacteria are more responsible for UTI, group D isolates seem to be more resistant and probably more virulent, even than the ones from group B2.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Genotypic Study of Antibiotics Resistance Profile in Escherichia coli Isolated from Broilers in Cianjur, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Aprilia Hardiati ◽  
Safika ◽  
I Wayan Teguh Wibawan ◽  
Fachriyan Hasmi Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Encoding Gene

This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic of antibiotics resistance profile in Escherichia coli. The 30 samples come from cloacal swab of broilers in Cianjur, Indonesia. Isolation and identification of E. coli was performed by culture in McConkey agar, eosin methylene blue agar, Gram staining and five essential biochemical tests (IMViC). In this study, 10 isolates (33.3%) were confirmed E. coli positive. Phenotypic profile was performed by screening all isolates with 8 antibiotics of 6 antibiotic groups. The screening was carried by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method based on the standard of CLSI. For genotypic profile, each resistant isolate was detected antibiotic resistance-encoding gene. The result showed all isolates (100%) resistant against tetracyclin, oxytetracycline and erythromycin. Nine isolates (90%) detected nalidixic acid and enrofloxacin-resistant. The ciprofloxacin and gentamicin-resistant isolates were 70% and 40%, respectively. There was no resistant isolate for chloramphenicol. Multi drug-resistant was detected on 90% isolates. Only gyrA (100%) and tetA (80%) genes were detected. This study showed high rate of occurrence of antibiotic resistance in E. coli. Not all resistant isolates were detected in the antibiotic resistance-encoding gene in this study. Future research to detect resistance genes should use more varied target genes.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli among slaughterhouse workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Kamweli Aworh ◽  
Damilola Abiodun-Adwusi ◽  
Nwando Mba ◽  
Birgitte Helwigh ◽  
Rene S. Hendriksen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Carriage

Abstract The increasing occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in human and animal population has become a global public health problem that requires immediate intervention. We aimed to investigate prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of drug-resistant E. coli among slaughterhouse workers. We conducted this cross-sectional study among 118 apparently healthy workers in the largest slaughterhouses in Abuja and Lagos from July to December 2020. E. coli was isolated from stool samples of slaughterhouse workers and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was defined as resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics. Majority were males: 88.1% (n = 104), aged > 41years: 28.8% (n = 34), married: 70.3% (n = 83), and were butchers: 53.4% (n = 63). Prevalence of MDR E. coli was 50% (n = 59), highest among butchers compared to Slaughterhouse cleaners. Of 75 E. coli isolates identified, 25.3% (n = 19) were ESBL producers; 78.7% (n = 59) were MDR. Keeping animals (p = 0.01); eating at the Slaughterhouse (p = 0.03) and collecting waste (p = 0.02) remained independent risk factors for acquiring MDR E. coli. Prevalence of resistant E. coli was highest among butchers and associated with keeping animals at home, eating at work, and waste-collection. Hand-hygiene and responsible use of antibiotics among slaughterhouse workers should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli among slaughterhouse workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Kamweli Aworh ◽  
Oluwadamilola Abiodun-Adewusi ◽  
Nwando Mba ◽  
Birgitte Helwigh ◽  
Rene S. Hendriksen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Carriage

AbstractThe increasing occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in human and animal population has become a global public health problem that requires immediate intervention. We aimed to investigate prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of drug-resistant E. coli among slaughterhouse workers. We conducted this cross-sectional study among 118 apparently healthy workers in the largest slaughterhouses in Abuja and Lagos from July to December 2020. E. coli was isolated from stool samples of slaughterhouse workers and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was defined as resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics. Majority were males: 88.1% (n = 104), aged > 41 years: 28.8% (n = 34), married: 70.3% (n = 83), and were butchers: 53.4% (n = 63). Prevalence of MDR E. coli was 50% (n = 59), highest among butchers compared to slaughterhouse cleaners. Of 75 E. coli isolates identified, 25.3% (n = 19) were ESBL producers; 78.7% (n = 59) were MDR. Keeping animals (p = 0.01); eating at the slaughterhouse (p = 0.03) and collecting waste (p = 0.02) remained independent risk factors for acquiring MDR E. coli. Prevalence of resistant E. coli was highest among butchers and associated with keeping animals at home, eating at work, and waste-collection. Hand-hygiene and responsible use of antibiotics among slaughterhouse workers should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef at a commercial slaughterhouse in Moro, Kwara State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Busayo I. Ajuwon ◽  
Sola K. Babatunde ◽  
Olatunji M. Kolawole ◽  
Adeyinka E. Ajiboye ◽  
Abosede H. Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Caecal Content

Background. Gastroenteritis due to foodborne disease is a leading cause of death in developing countries. In Nigeria, there is an increasing demand for beef. Yet, there is no surveillance for Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination of raw beef and little is known about the carriage of this pathogen in Nigeria’s livestock. Methods. A total of 415 samples, including 180 cow carcass swabs, 180 caecal content samples, 16 water samples, 25 hand swabs and 14 knife swabs were collected at a large abattoir in the Moro region of Kwara State, Nigeria. The samples were enriched in modified tryptone broth containing novobiocine, and plated onto Sorbitol–MacConkey agar (Oxoid SR0172E) supplemented with 0.05 mg l−1 cefixime and 2.5 mg l−1 potassium tellurite (Oxoid) (CT-SMAC). Indole-producing isolates were confirmed serologically by serotyping with antisera specific for the O157 and H7 antigens. The E. coli O157:H7 isolates were further tested for their susceptibility to antibiotic agents using the disc diffusion method. Commercially available Gram-negative multi-discs (Oxoid) comprising nitrofurantoin (30 µg), ampicillin (5 µg), ceftazidime (30 µg), gentamicin (10 µg), ciprofloxacin (5 µg), augmentin (30 µg), ofloxacin (5 µg) and cefuroxime (30 µg) were tested. Results. Overall, 16 (3.9 %) samples were contaminated with E. coli O157:H7, of which 10 (5.6 %) were isolated from carcass swabs, 4 (2.2 %) from caecal content samples and 2 (12.5 %) from water. All isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with resistance to ampicillin, ceftazidime and cefuroxime being the most common. Conclusion. This study provides evidence to suggest that E. coli O157:H7 exists in the beef production chain. The pathogen reveals a high frequency of multidrug resistance, suggesting that consumers and handlers of such meat are at risk of contracting antibiotic-resistant E. coli O157:H7-associated foodborne disease. Routine monitoring of antibiotic resistance is critical to uncovering novel therapeutic strategies that will help inform clinical practice guidelines.

scholarly journals Where Did They Come from—Multi-Drug Resistant Pathogenic Escherichia coli in a Cemetery Environment?

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akebe Abia ◽  
Eunice Ubomba-Jaswa ◽  
Chantelle Schmidt ◽  
Matthys Dippenaar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reactions ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli

Human burial in cemeteries facilitates the decomposition of corpses without posing a public health danger. However, the role of cemeteries as potential environmental reservoirs of drug-resistant pathogens has not been studied. Thus, we investigated cemeteries as potential environmental reservoirs of multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogenic Escherichia coli. E. coli isolates were obtained from water samples (collected from surface water bodies and boreholes in three cemeteries) after isolation using the Colilert® 18 system. Pathogenic potentials of the isolates were investigated using real-time polymerase chain reactions targeting seven virulence genes (VGs) pertaining to six E. coli pathotypes. The resistance of isolates to eight antibiotics was tested using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The mean E. coli concentrations varied from <1 most probable number (MPN)/100 mL to 2419.6 MPN/100 mL with 48% of 100 isolates being positive for at least one of the VGs tested. Furthermore, 87% of the isolates were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics tested, while 72% of the isolates displayed multi-drug resistance. Half of the MDR isolates harboured a VG. These results suggest that cemeteries are potential reservoirs of MDR pathogenic E. coli, originating from surrounding informal settlements, which could contaminate groundwater if the cemeteries are in areas with shallow aquifers.

scholarly journals Susceptibility and Multidrug Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli Isolated from Cloacal Swabs of Live Broiler Chickens in Bangladesh

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muha. Ajijur Rahman Al Azad ◽  
Md. Masudur Rahman ◽  
Ruhul Amin ◽  
Mst. Ismat Ara Begum ◽  
Reinhard Fries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Antimicrobial resistance is a major health problem, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh, where there is a paucity of information on resistance patterns and prevalence of antimicrobial determinants. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of resistance, including multi-drug resistance (MDR), and the associated genetic determinants in Escherichia coli isolates from cloacal swabs of live broiler chickens in Bangladesh. Altogether, 400 cloacal swabs (200 from Rajshahi and 200 from Dhaka divisions) were randomly collected from individual chickens in 50 broiler farms. E. coli was isolated and identified using conventional bacteriological culture and biochemical methods. The isolates were further confirmed using genus-specific 16S rRNAtargeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. Antimicrobial susceptibilities and MDR of the isolates against nine different antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, colistin sulphate, and streptomycin) were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Resistance determinants of E. coli to ampicillin (blaTEM), streptomycin (aadA1), erythromycin [ere(A)], trimethoprim (dfrA1), and tetracycline [tet(A), tet(B)] were screened using PCR. Our results showed that all swab samples were positive for E. coli. The isolates were uniformly resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. The isolates exhibited highest susceptibility to colistin sulphate (73.5%), followed by gentamicin (49%), and levofloxacin (17%). All isolates were resistant to three classes of antibiotics, 204 isolates (51%) were resistant to four classes, and 56 isolates (14%) were resistant to five. The highest prevalence of antimicrobial resistance gene was recorded for tetracycline (tet(A):95.25%; tet(B):95.25%) followed by ampicillin (blaTEM:91.25%), streptomycin (aadA1:88.25%), erythromycin (ere(A):84.75%), and trimethoprim (dfrA1:65.5%). In conclusion, surveillance for MDR bacteria in poultry is a critical piece of knowledge, which would be useful for optimizing empiric antimicrobial treatments and exploring alternative antimicrobial agents.

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