Effect of carboxymethyl cellulose on the physicochemical and sensory properties of bread enriched with rice bran

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-328
Author(s):  
C. Harsono ◽  
C.Y. Trisnawati ◽  
I. Srianta ◽  
Y. Marsono
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Innovative Products

Bread enriched with rice bran is one of the innovative products of bread. The addition of 10% of rice bran into bread will reduce the specific volume of bread and result in the texture of bread enriched with rice bran being harder. Texture and volume development problems in the making of bread enriched with rice bran can be improved by adding Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC). The research aimed to observe the effect of CMC concentration on the physicochemical and sensory properties of bread enriched with rice bran. The research design was a Randomized Block Design consisting of one factor which was the CMC concentration with five levels, 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% with five replications. The results showed that increasing CMC concentration decreased moisture content in bread enriched with rice bran, increased specific volume, decreased hardness, increased springiness, increased cohesiveness, increased preference sensory properties ease to bite, softness, and moistness. The best treatment was 2% CMC addition. Bread enriched with rice bran with 2% CMC concentration has moisture content 41.79%, specific volume 3.61 cm3 /g, hardness 326.93 g, springiness 0.95 mm, cohesiveness 0.67, preference for ease of bite 5.52 (slightly preferred), preference for softness 5.24 (slightly preferred), and preference for moistness 5.02 (slightly preferred).

scholarly journals PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DEDAK PADI

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Febrina Grace Ivonne Marbun ◽  
Rahmat Wiradimadja ◽  
Iman Hernaman
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Specific Density ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The study aimed to determine the effect of storage time on the physical characteristics of rice bran. The study was carried out by the experimental method using a randomized block design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments used were the length of storage, namely 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. The variables observed were the physical properties of rice bran which included specific density, bulk density, and compact bulk density and moisture content. The collected data was analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Duncan’s test. The results showed that the storage time from week 0 to week 4 did not have a significant effect on the specific density, bulk density, and compact bulk density. The treatment of each other had a significant effect (P <0.05) increasing the rice bran moisture content. It was concluded that the length of storage increased the moisture content with the regression equation y = 1.0963X + 8.728 with R2 = 0.7602, r = 0.8719, but did not affect the physical characteristics of rice bran. Keywords: Density, Moisture Content, Physical Characteristics, Rice Bran, Storage Time

Innovation of Natural Preservation of Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) Using Coconut Coconut Ashes with Drying Time Variations on Hedonics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rika Agustina ◽  
Rita Sunartaty ◽  
Teuku Makmur
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Basic Ingredient ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Salt Substitute ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Rastrelliger Kanagurta

Coconut frond ash is one of the wastes from coconut trees which has not been maximally utilized. Coconut frond ash contains MgCl2 and KCl so that it can be used as a salt substitute in the process of preserving fish. In this study coconut frond ash was used as a basic ingredient for making dried mackerel with a long time of drying to storage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of drying time on mackerel storage. The research design used was a Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors studied. The first factor is the drying time consists of 3 levels, namely P1 = 3 days, P2 = 4 days, P3 = 5 days. The second factor is storage which consists of 3 levels, namely S1 = 30 days, S2 = 60 days, S3 = 90 days. Each treatment was repeated 2 times to obtain 18 experimental units to observed hedonic tests. From the results of the study it can be stated that the treatment has a very significant effect (P≥0.01) on the hedonic test which includes (color, aroma, taste and texture).

PERANAN TRICHOKOMPOS DAN PUPUK KCL DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM PADA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH DI TANAH BERPASIR (The Role of Trichokompos and KCL Fertilizer to Control Fusarium Will Disease on Onion in Sandy Soil)

AgriPeat ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Admin Journal
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACTThe role of Trichocompost and KCl fertilizer to control Fusarium wilt disease on onion in sandy soil. Fusarium wilt on onion is an interesting disease it is can loss the onion yield. The purpose of research to study trichocompost and KCl fertilizer role to control Fusarium wilt disease on ann onion. The research design used a Factorial Randomized Block Design with 2 factors. The first factor is 4 levels trichocompost, it is: without trichocompost (T0), trichocompost 10 t.ha-1 dosage (T1), trichocompost 20 t.ha-1 dosage (T2), trichocompost 30 t.ha-1 dosage (T3). The second factor is 3 levels KCl fertilizer, it is: without KCl (K0), KCl 100 kg.ha-1 dosage (K1), KCl 200 kg.ha-1 dosage (K2). Result of this research showed the application of trichocompost 10 t.ha-1 dosage and KCl 100 kg.ha-1 dosage can inhibit Fusarium wilt incubation time, can inhibit the patogen development with effective value 89,23%, the single factor it is aplication trichocompost 10 t.ha-1 dosage and trichocompost 30 t.ha-1 dosage not significant to dried onion bulb weight per clump of onion plant.Key words: Trichocompost, KCl fertilizer, Fusarium wilt disease, onion, sandy soil.ABSTRAKPenyakit layu Fusarium merupakan salah satu penyakit penting dapat menurunkan produksi bawang merah hingga 50%. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui peranan trichokompos dan pupuk KCl dalam mengendalikan penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok faktorial dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama 4 taraf dosis trichokompos yaitu: tanpa trichokompos (T0), trichokompos dosis 10 t.ha-1 (T1), trichokompos dosis 20 t.ha-1 (T2), trichokompos dosis 30 t.ha-1 (T3). Faktor kedua 3 taraf dosis pupuk KCl yaitu: tanpa pupuk KCl (K0), pupuk KCl dosis 100 KCl kg.ha-1 (K1), pupuk KCl dosis 200 KCl kg.ha-1 (K2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian trichokompos 10 t.ha-1 dan pupuk KCl 100 kg.ha-1 dapat memperpanjang masa inkubasi penyakit, menekan serangan penyakit layu Fusarium dengan nilai efektivitas sangat baik (89,23%), perlakuan tunggal trichokompos dosis 10 t.ha-1 tidak berbeda nyata dengan dosis 30 t.ha-1 terhadap bobot umbi kering per rumpun tanaman bawang merah.Kata kunci: penyakit layu Fusarium, pupuk KCl, tanah berpasir, tanaman bawang merah, trichokompos.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Buah Naga (Hylocereus costaricensis) dalam Pembuatan Teh Herbal dengan Penambahan Jahe

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-243
Author(s):  
Raudhatul Aiyuni ◽  
Heru Prono Widayat ◽  
Syarifah Rohaya
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Impact

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu pengeringan kulit buah naga dan konsentrasi penambahan jahe terhadap teh herbal serta mengetahui tingkat penerimaan konsumen terhadap teh herbal kulit buah naga dan jahe. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah suhu pengeringan (T) yaitu T1 = 50⁰C, T2 = 60⁰C, T3 = 70⁰C. Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi jahe (J) yaitu J1= 0%, J2= 10%, J3= 14%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu pengeringan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P≤0,01) terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, dan nilai organoleptik warna teh herbal kulit buah naga dan jahe yang dihasilkan, dan berpengaruh nyata (P≤0,05) terhadap nilai organoleptik rasa. Konsentrasi jahe (J) berpengaruh sangat nyata (P≤0,01) terhadap nilai organoleptik rasa teh herbal kulit buah naga dan jahe, dan berpengaruh nyata (P≤0,05) terhadap kadar air, dan nilai organoleptik warna. Interaksi suhu pengeringan dengan konsentrasi jahe (T×J) berpengaruh nyata (P≤0,05) terhadap nilai organoleptik rasa teh herbal kulit buah naga dan jahe. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh perlakuan terbaik yaitu perlakuan dengan suhu pengeringan 50OC (T1) dan penambahan konsentrasi jahe 14% (J3) memiliki kadar air 10,89%, kadar abu 5,85%, aktivitas antioksidan 59,05% dan total fenol 6,07 mg GAE/g bahan. Utilization Of Waste Dragon Fruit Peel (Hylocereus Costaricensis) In The Production Of Herbal Tea With Additional Ginger Abstract. The purpose of this study was to know the impact of dried temperature and concentration additional of ginger and also to know the level of accept consumen for herbal tea dragon fruit peel and ginger. This study uses a randomized block design (RAK) Faktorial two factors. The first factor is dried temperature (T) that is T1 = 50⁰C, T2 = 60⁰C, T3 = 70⁰C. Factor II is consentration to add ginger (J) that is J1= 0%, J2= 10%, J3= 14%. The result of it showed that dried temperature obviously affected (P ≤ 0.01) on the moisture content, ash content, and sensory evaluation of color herbal tea dragon fruit peel and ginger, and obviously affected (P≤0,05) to the sensory evaluation of taste. While, the ginger consentration obviously affected (P ≤ 0.01) on the sensory evaluation of taste herbal tea dragon fruit peel and ginger, and obviously affected (P≤0,05) on the moisture content, and sensory evaluation of color. The interaction type of dried temperature with the ginger consentration obviously affected (P≤0,05) on the on the sensory evaluation of taste herbal tea dragon fruit peel and ginger. The best treatment is obtained from dried temperature 50°C (T1) and the addition of ginger concentration of 14% (J3) that product moisture content of  10,89%, ash content 5,85%,  antioxidant activity 59,05% and total phenol 6.07 mg GAE / g of material.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMBINASI TEPUNG BEKATUL DAN TEPUNG MENIR C4 TERHADAP BEBERAPA KOMPONEN MUTU COOKIES

Pro Food ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Mira Idora ◽  
Agustono Prarudiyanto ◽  
Ahmad Alamsyah
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The purpose of this research was to know the best combination of rice bran and grains of rice flour that cloud be seen from some quality components of cookies include moisture, protein and ash content, organoleptic quality such as flavour referring to National Indonesian Standard (SNI). This research use Compoletely Randomized Block Design, consist of six treatments (100% wheat flour, 30% rice bran: 70% grains of rice flour, 40% rice bran: 60% grains of rice flour, 50% rice bran: 50% grains of rice flour, 60% rice bran: 40% grains of rice flour, 70% rice bran: 30% grains of rice flour) with three replications. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance diversity at 5% significance level using Co-Stat Software and tested further using Orthogonal Polynomials test if there was real difference. The results showed that the proportion of rice bran and grain of rice flour had significant effect on taste, aroma, texture and color (hedonic and scoring), protein and ash content, but not significantly different to moisture of cookies. The results of this study also showed that the proportion of white rice brain and grains of rice flour which produced cookies with the best quality in accordance with SNI quality requirements was the treatment of 30% rice bran: 70% grains of rice flour (4.8008% moisture, 6.0461% protein content and 1.9274% ash content, with flavor, aroma, texture and color which was very favored by the panelists where cookies with yellowish brown color and slightly crunchy texture). Keywords:cookies, grains of rice flour, rice bran flour, white rice. ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kombinasi terbaik dari tepung bekatul dan tepung menirterbaik dilihat dari beberapa komponen mutu cookies meliputi kadarair, kadar protein, kadar abu dan mutu organoleptik seperti bau, rasa, aroma dan tekstur yang mengacu pada Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri dari enam perlakuan (Tepung terigu 100%, Tepung Bekatul 30%: Tepung Menir 70%, Tepung Bekatul 40% : Tepung Menir 60%, Tepung Bekatul 50% : Tepung Menir 50%, Tepung Bekatul 60% : Tepung Menir 40% dan Tepung Bekatul 70%: Tepung Menir 30%) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis keragaman ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf 5% menggunakan Software Co-Stat dan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji lanjut Polinomial Ortogonal jika terdapat beda nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi tepung bekatul dan tepung menir memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap parameter rasa, aroma, tektur dan warna (Hedonic dan Scoring), kadar protein dan kadar abu, namun tidak berbeda nyata terhadap kadar air cookies. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa proporsi tepung bekatul dan tepung menir yang menghasilkan cookies dengan mutu terbaik yang sesuai dengan syarat mutu SNI adalah perlakuan tepung bekatul 30% : tepung menir 70% (kadar air 4,8008%, kadar protein 6,0461% dan kadar abu 1,9274%, dengan rasa, aroma, tektur dan warna sangat disukai panelis dimana cookies berwarnacokelat kekuningan dan tekstur agak renyah). Kata kunci:beras putih, cookies, tepung bekatul, tepung menir

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERBEDAAN BAHAN PENYAMAK TERHADAP KUALITAS KULIT IKAN PARI MONDOL (Himantura gerrardi) TERSAMAK The Effect of Different Tanning Materials towards Leather Quality of Tanned Mondol Stingray (Himantura gerrardi)

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Tika Kusmaryanti ◽  
Ratna Ibrahim ◽  
Putut Har Riyadi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Shrinkage Temperature ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRAK   Usaha penyamakan kulit ikan Pari umumnya dilakukan oleh usaha kecil menengah dan hanya menggunakan metode aldehid dengan bahan samak formalin, Selain itu juga belum diketahui kualitas kulit ikan Pari Mondol tersamak yang menggunakan bahan samak krom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan penggunaan jenis bahan penyamak terhadap kualitas fisik dan kimiawi kulit ikan Pari Mondol tersamak. Materi penelitian berupa kulit ikan Pari Mondol (Himantura gerrardi) dan bahan samak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental laboratoris. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan perlakuan bahan samak yang berbeda, yaitu formalin, krom, dan kombinasi. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Variabel mutu yang diamati adalah kekuatan tarik, kemuluran, kekuatan sobek, ketebalan, suhu kerut, ketahanan bengkuk (bengkok), pH dan kadar air. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan perbedaan diantara perlakuan diuji dengan Uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan bahan penyamak menyebabkan pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai kekuatan tarik, kekuatan sobek dan ketebalan tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai pH, kadar air dan ketahanan bengkuk. Produk yang terbaik yaitu kulit ikan Pari Mondol yang disamak dengan bahan samak kombinasi antara krom dan mimosa, yang sebagian persyaratan mutunya sudah memenuhi persyaratan mutu kulit ikan Pari tersamak menurut SNI 06-6121-1999.   Kata kunci: Kualitas, kulit Ikan Pari, penyamak     ABSTRACT  Meanwhile the quality of Stingray tanned leather which using chrome tannin materials was not yet known. This research aims to determine the effect of different types used tannin materials towards physical and chemical quality of Stingray leather quality. The materials used in this research isStingray (Himantura gerrardi) skin and tannin materials. The study was conducted with laboratory experimental method. The experiments was designed according to the Randomized Block Design with different tanning materials (formalin, chrome, and chrome-combination). Each treatment was done with in triplicate. The quality variables that measured were tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, thickness, shrinkage temperature, bent resistance, pH and moisture content. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance. To find the difference between treatments, the data were tested with Honestly Significant Difference Test . The results showed that various of tannin materials gave significant effects to the values of tensile strength, tear strength and thickness however there was not any significant effect on bent resistance, moisture content and pH value. The best product were Stingray tanned leather with chrome-combination tannin material, which partially quality requirements has been comply with Stingray tanned leather quality requirements according to SNI. Keywords: Quality, stingray skin, tanning

scholarly journals Effect of high crude fibre feed towards digestive tract characteristics of crossbreed native chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 05007
Author(s):  
Yusti Pujiawati ◽  
Ida Ayu Putu Parwati ◽  
I Nyoman Suyasa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Native Chicken ◽  
Grower Diet

This research was aimed to evaluate the use of high crude fibre feed on the characteristic of the native chicken digestive tracts. The research was conducted in Tembuku District, Bangli Regency in April-August 2020. There were four treatments starter diets included P0 (control), P1 (70% control feed+30% rice bran), P2 (70% control feed+30%+ Bio B 2cc/l drinking water), P3 (60% control feed+10% Indigofera meal+30% rice bran), while four treatment grower diet included P0 (25% control feed+35% rice bran+40% corn), P1 (15% control feed+35% rice bran+10% Indigofera meal+40% corn), P2 (15% control feed+35% rice bran+10% Indigofera meal+40% corn+2cc/l Bio-B), and P3 (22% control feed+31.5% rice bran+10% Indigofera meal+36.5% corn). The variables observed included final body weight, digestive tract weight, and digestive tract length. A factorial randomized block design was used in this study with univariate analysis and further Duncan test. This study showed that high crude fibre feed affected the digestive tract, such as the weight of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, liver, pancreas, proventriculus. This also occurred in the parameters of the length of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Atonik Dan Media Tanam Terhadap Pembibitan Tanaman Aren Genjah (Arenga pinnata, Merr)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Yanti Ratna Sari ◽  
Tutik Nugrahini ◽  
Mahdalena Mahdalena
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Substance ◽  
Fingerprint Analysis ◽  
Soil Charcoal ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Top Soil

The Influence of Atonic Growth Substance and Planting Media Against Aruh Genjah Plant Breeding (Arenga pinnata, Merr). This study aims to determine the effect of proper growth regulator concentration and the best planting medium for the growth of palm seedlings, as well as the effect of interaction between ZPT Atonik and planting media. This research was conducted in Sangatta Lama area of Sangatta Utara Sub-district, East Kutai Regency, with time for 5 (five) months from February to June 2016. The research design used Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) 4 x 4 with 3 repetition . The first factor was the administration of Atonic ZPT consisting of 4 levels: z0: without treatment, z1: Atonic ZPT 0.5 ml / 1 liter water, z2: ZPT Atonik 1 ml / 1 liter water, z3: ZPT Atonic 1.5 ml / 1 liter of water. The second factor is the comparison of planting medium consisting of 4 levels: m0: top soil, m1: top soil + sand + manure (1: 1: 1), m2: top soil + husk husk + manure (1: 1: 1 ), m3: top soil + charcoal husk + sand + manure (1: 1: 1: 1). Fingerprint analysis showed that the best effect of ZPT Atonik (Z) on the parameters of plant height was on the first month that is in the treatment of z2 (Atonic ZPT 1 ml / 1 liter water). The best comparison of planting medium (M) to plant height parameters was at month 2 and month 3 was achieved by treatment of m2 (top soil + husk husk + manure = 1: 1: 1) and m3 treatment (Top soil + + Sand + manure = 1: 1: 1: 1). Furthermore, the best treatment of leaflet parameter of month 1 was achieved by treatment of m1 (top soil + sand + manure = 1: 1: 1). The interaction of ZPT Atonik (zxm) comparison and the best planting medium to the leaf number parameter is the 1st month achieved by the z3p1 treatment (Atonic ZPT 1.5 ml / 1 liter water and top soil + sand + manure = 1: 1: 1) . Keywords: Growing Regulators, Planting Media and Aren GenjahThe Influence of Atonic Growth Substance and Planting Media Against Aruh Genjah Plant Breeding (Arenga pinnata, Merr). This study aims to determine the effect of proper growth regulator concentration and the best planting medium for the growth of palm seedlings, as well as the effect of interaction between ZPT Atonik and planting media. This research was conducted in Sangatta Lama area of Sangatta Utara Sub-district, East Kutai Regency, with time for 5 (five) months from February to June 2016. The research design used Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) 4 x 4 with 3 repetition . The first factor was the administration of Atonic ZPT consisting of 4 levels: z0: without treatment, z1: Atonic ZPT 0.5 ml / 1 liter water, z2: ZPT Atonik 1 ml / 1 liter water, z3: ZPT Atonic 1.5 ml / 1 liter of water. The second factor is the comparison of planting medium consisting of 4 levels: m0: top soil, m1: top soil + sand + manure (1: 1: 1), m2: top soil + husk husk + manure (1: 1: 1 ), m3: top soil + charcoal husk + sand + manure (1: 1: 1: 1). Fingerprint analysis showed that the best effect of ZPT Atonik (Z) on the parameters of plant height was on the first month that is in the treatment of z2 (Atonic ZPT 1 ml / 1 liter water). The best comparison of planting medium (M) to plant height parameters was at month 2 and month 3 was achieved by treatment of m2 (top soil + husk husk + manure = 1: 1: 1) and m3 treatment (Top soil + + Sand + manure = 1: 1: 1: 1). Furthermore, the best treatment of leaflet parameter of month 1 was achieved by treatment of m1 (top soil + sand + manure = 1: 1: 1). The interaction of ZPT Atonik (zxm) comparison and the best planting medium to the leaf number parameter is the 1st month achieved by the z3p1 treatment (Atonic ZPT 1.5 ml / 1 liter water and top soil + sand + manure = 1: 1: 1) . Keywords: Growing Regulators, Planting Media and Aren Genjah

scholarly journals Mould Characterization and Mycotoxin Quantification of Chia Seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) Grown in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Veronicah Njeri ◽  
Monica Mburu ◽  
Kipkorir Koskei
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Postharvest Handling ◽  
Handling Methods ◽  
Salvia Hispanica L

Chia seeds are functional food that have been considered highly nutritious. They have high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid content therefore counteract lifestyle disorder such as cardiovascular diseases. This study sought to determine the level of mould contamination in chia seeds; enumeration and characterization of the types of molds and quantification of mycotoxin level, for chia seeds grown and sold in Kenya. A complete randomized block design with triplicates was used in the study. Samples were collected at random from farmers and distributors in Nyeri, Nakuru, Busia and Trans Nzoia counties. Moulds species were isolated from PDA and MEA Medias and morphological characteristics was determined under X 40 magnification power. Mould counts were found to be between 1.33 X 103cfu/ml to 2.67 X 103cfu/ml. Mould characterization done by microscopic and macroscopic technique showed evidence of Rhizopus spp, Trichoderma spp and Fusarium spp. Amongst the three genera found, Rhizopus spp was the predominantly occurring mould. The percentage moisture content of chia seeds samples ranged from 6.49&plusmn;1.26 and 9.16&plusmn;0.43. Significant variations on moisture content (p&lt; 0.05) were observed among chia samples from different farmers. Aflatoxin was not detected in all chia samples. It can therefore be concluded that the chia samples were not contaminated with aflatoxin although different species of mold were present. Farmers need to be trained on proper postharvest handling methods of chia seeds, as well as proper storage and an objective method of analyzing the moisture content of the chia seeds need to be developed.

scholarly journals Ruptura de la latencia física y germinación de semillas de Chiranthodendron pentadactylon (Malvaceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Maribel Apodaca-Martínez ◽  
Victor Manuel Cetina Alcalá ◽  
Jesús Jasso-Mata ◽  
Miguel Ángel López-López ◽  
Héctor González-Rosas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Germination Speed

<p><strong>Backgraund</strong>: The low availability, low percentage of germination, pests, and juvenile period higher than 25 years, are the problems to propagate C. pentadactylon by seed.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis</strong>: There is morphophysiological variation of the seeds between trees and the pregerminative treatments increase the percentage and speed of germination in seeds with six months of storage at room temperature.</p><p><strong>Species studied</strong>: Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat.</p><p><strong>Study site and year of study</strong>: Postgrado en Ciencias Forestales, Campus Montecillo, Estado de  Mexico, Mex. June, 2016</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: The moisture content, the viability and the effect of pregerminative treatments on the percentage and speed of germination of the seeds were determined. A randomized block design was used. The random blocks included the treatments: 1 (mechanical scarification + cold stratification at 5 ° C for 5 days), 2 (mechanical scarification + imbibition for 12 h), 3 (mechanical scarification + cut at the base of the seed) and 4 (control). The treatments were randomized within each block.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: The moisture content was less than 10 % and the viability was 100 %. Significant differences between treatments were found for germination percent. The Tukey test (α = 0.05) showed differences between pregerminative treatments 1, 2 and 3 with respect to T4. Germination speed recorded the highest value in treatment 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: With treatments 1, 2 or 3, more than 77 % germination was obtained. Treatment 3 showed greater germination speed, which is important for seedling production.</p>

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