scholarly journals A filosofia como a arte de ensinar/Aprender a pensar desde a mais tenra idade/Philosophy as the art of teaching/learning how to think since early children

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Raquel Lima Costa

Este artigo pretende desenvolver uma análise sobre o que é pensar, o que é o pensamento e porque é que é tão importante sabermos pensar, aprendermos a pensar. Neste sentido, analisaremos a perspetiva de Dewey e de Lipman. Esta investigação sustenta a tese de que o pensar é uma questão central na filosofia e de que urge implementar estirpes filosóficas na nossa sociedade. É essencial fomentar o pensar, aprendermos a pensar, a pensar bem, desde a mais tenra idade. Tal pode ser possível através da Filosofia para Crianças, que tem por base ajudar as crianças e os jovens a pensar. Por conseguinte, iremos aprofundar a perspetiva de Matthew Lipman, mentor do programa de Filosofia para Crianças.Abstract: This article intends develop an analysis of what it is to think, what is thinking and why it is so important to know how to think, learn to think. In this sense, we analyze the perspective of Dewey and Lipman. This research supports the thesis that thinking is a central issue in philosophy and the urgent need to implement philosophical strains in our society. It is essential to foster the think, learn to think, to think about it, from an early age. This can be possible through the Philosophy for Children, which is based on helping children and young people how to think. Therefore, we will deepen the perspective of Matthew Lipman, mentor of the Philosophy for Children program. Keywords: Thinking, philosophy, children, dialogue, research community 

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Sonia Rosario Barraza flores ◽  
Homero López moreno

This research was carried out in a classroom of the center of comprehensive family development (desarrollo integral de la familia, DIF) in the municipality of Durango, Mexico. The center trains young people in making crafts. From these young people, 13 teenage mothers ages 15-23, all victims of abuse as children, were selected. With this group, we implemented the philosophical-pedagogical proposal called "Philosophy for children and teenagers," first developed by the American philosopher Matthew Lipman. The main goal was to form a "community of inquiry," where through philosophical dialogue the participants developed cognitive skills, allowing them to share, in an ethical and moral dialogue, their life experiences within a democratic setting. The results were demonstrated through the disclosures made by the participants during the philosophical dialogues, We also recorded the cognitive abilities detected over 20 sessions. We contrast the results with the theories to demonstrate the participants’ cognitive changes. We also observed unexpected findings in other academic fields that facilitate ethical and moral thinking.


2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Minette

Starting from the important question ‘Is it really impossible or dangerous to speak about religion?’ in the first part this article highlights the importance of dialogue in education. It demonstrates how implementation of dialogical education can be beneficial for children and young people who learn to take up and face the challenge posed by multiculturalism and multi-religiosity in our modern societies. In the second part, this article provides a brief discussion of research in educational psychology about religious education and the ‘Philosophy for Children’ method, or ‘community of enquiry’. This specific area of research emphasizes the necessary integration of this method in religious education since it would be beneficial in terms of social cohesion, among other things.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (36) ◽  
pp. 01-36
Author(s):  
Sandra Dos santos Alves ◽  
Darcísio Natal Muraro

This research seeks to understand the relationship between philosophy and the formation of concepts in childhood from the perspective of Matthew Lipman. As our own research in the area of philosophy of education, we pose the following question as a problem to be analyzed: how can philosophy contribute to the concept formation process in childhood according to Lipman? The development of this problem was organized in five stages. A first seeks to understand and deepen Lipman's conception of Philosophy for Children, especially the idea of thinking skills and philosophical dialogue in the research community; the second stage consisted of planning philosophical practice with the children at school, in a class with 32 students from the 3rd year of elementary school in a public school in the city of Londrina / PR, in the period of one semester; the third was to carry out the classroom experience with the students and the teacher from the previous stages; the fourth step was the evaluation of the practice and the planning of the following classes after each meeting; and the fifth stage was concerned with the registration, analysis and systematization of the observed. In order to investigate the contribution of philosophy to the concept formation process in childhood, according to Lipman, part of the research methodology was qualitative, analyzing the concepts of philosophy, thinking and the research community of this philosopher. For this, his main works and those of his commentators were consulted. Action research procedures were also employed through the practice of students from Elementary School I, in order to carry out an experience of the analyzed concepts. As a result of the research, it is possible to highlight the fundamental role of Lipman’s Philosophy for Children in the formation of concepts, because, through philosophical practices, the children were more reflective in approaching concepts that in their daily lives could go unnoticed. The work of questioning and dialogue in the research community made it possible to highlight the difficulty of conceptualizing at the beginning of the work, the progress along their approach and the need to seek more in-depth answers. With that, it can be highlighted that the Philosophy classes contributed to such advances and that without them the skills would remain stagnant. This study is added to the philosophical educational movement of teaching philosophy from childhood, which is considered essential for the formation of more reasonable subjects, and most importantly, with the acquisition of skills that will facilitate life in and out of school.


Author(s):  
M. Dolores López-Justicia

Abstract.SELF-CONCEPT DIFFICULTIES FROM CHILDHOOD TO YOUTH IN PEOPLE WITH LOW VISIONThe present study had as its main objective to determine if children, adolescents, and young people with low vision, showed differences in the self-concept with respect to equal without visual difficulties. The total population of participants was divided into four age groups: 4 to 7 years, 8 to 11, 12 to 17 and 18 to 30 years. The results of the various analyzes carried out showed that those affected by low vision obtained lower scores in some dimensions of the self-concept in the four age groups, compared with peers of normal vision. This leads to highlight the need to act in the psycho Self-concept difficulties from childhood to youth in people with low vision The present study had as its main objective to determine if children, adolescents, and young people with low vision, showed differences in the self-concept with respect to equal without visual difficulties. The total population of participants was divided into four age groups: 4 to 7 years, 8 to 11, 12 to 17 and 18 to 30 years. The results of the various analyzes carried out showed that those affected by low vision obtained lower scores in some dimensions of the self-concept in the four age groups, compared with peers of normal vision. This leads to highlight the need to act in the psychoeducational field to influence the adequate development of the self-concept from the early school years. It is concluded by making a call of attention to teachers involved in their education, in order to provide support in the curricular areas that require it and introduce methodological changes in the teaching-learning process that will help these children and young people to improve their selfconcept and academic performance, as well as to facilitate their social inclusion.Keywords: self-concept; low vision; childhood; youth; educationResumen.El presente estudio se planteó como objetivo principal determinar si niños/as, adolescentes y jóvenes afectados de baja visión, mostraban diferencias en el autoconcepto respecto a iguales sin dificultades visuales. La población total de participantes se dividió en cuatro grupos de edades: de 4 a 7 años, de 8 a 11, de 12 a 17 y de 18 a 30 años. Los resultados de los distintos análisis efectuados pusieron de manifiesto que en los cuatro grupos de edad se obtuvieron puntuaciones más bajas en algunas dimensiones del autoconcepto en los afectados por baja visión, comparados con sus iguales de visión normal. Esto lleva a poner de relieve la conveniencia de actuar en el ámbito psico-educativo para incidir en el desarrollo adecuado del autoconcepto desde los primeros años escolares. Se concluye haciendo una llamada de atención a los docentes que intervienen en su educación con el fin de proporcionar apoyo en las áreas curriculares que lo requieran, e introducir cambios metodológicos en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que permita ayudar a estos niños/as y jóvenes a mejorar su autoconcepto y rendimiento escolar, así como facilitar su inclusión social.Palabras clave: autoconcepto; baja visión; niñez; juventud; educación.


Author(s):  
Bahadir Köksalan ◽  
Umit Ferit Aldım ◽  
Şahin Göğebakan

Media consuption is a term in “sociology” that describes the individuals that organize information on the basis of the use of produced goods, rather than on the axis of services and production. Mediums that fall under the scope of media consumption include radio, television, computer, mobile phones, newspaper, and magazine formats. The usage patterns and applications of these tools are internet, music, movies, games, etc. Among children between the ages of 5 and 8, those who do not use computers represent a small percentage of 10%. Even within this age group, a large majority know how to use computers. More than half of children under the age of 8 have played games and watched videos at least once via a smartphone, iPod, iPad or similar device. According to a US study, children spend about 9 hours a day on the screen. Besides this, despite all the options, listening to music and watching television for children and young people continue to be a favorite activity. This paper further explores the impact of media consumption on children's development.


Neofilolog ◽  
1970 ◽  
pp. 269-282
Author(s):  
Iwona Wowro

The aim of the article is to present the function of humour in teaching/learning, paying particular attention to the specific character of foreign language acquisition. The author presents arguments and concisely describes the most common forms of humour occurring in coursebooks . In the second part of the article the author quotes and briefly discusses some examples of comical elements in German textbooks which are intended for children and young people.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-231
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Aracely Arteaga Guerrero ◽  
José Atilio Murillo Moreira ◽  
María José Zambrano Zambrano ◽  
Fernando Eduardo Cornejo Rivas ◽  
Marilyn Lidia Basurto Pilligua

Neuroeducation is a very complex practice that has allowed us to know how the human brain acts from its plasticity and wide synaptic connectivity, one of its important characteristics is that it acts cognitively and emotionally, strengthening the teaching-learning process from an early age. An analysis is made of the ideas that various authors have had in the application of neurosciences in the educational field. The objective of this work was to identify, through the interpretation of data, what was the contribution of neurosciences in children in initial and preparatory education of the Mathius Quintanilla Sierra Educational Unit, in the city of Portoviejo, as well as the methods, techniques and strategies used by teachers for the construction of knowledge. The methodology used was non-experimental, descriptive and explanatory, from which it was possible to analyze and understand the information raised by various authors from their professional and personal perspective.


2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
Renan Acerbi Longo ◽  
Ivan Wallan Tertuliano ◽  
Arthur Bernardino Domene Sena ◽  
Kauan Galvão Morão ◽  
Renato Henrique Verzani ◽  
...  

A prática de atividades esportivas ocupa um espaço cada vez maior na vida das pessoas, em especial crianças e jovens. Tal prática, quando é devidamente planejada e elaborada, pode gerar inúmeros benefícios aos participantes, como aderência a prática esportiva. Nessa circunstância, o estudo tem por objetivo organizar conteúdos vinculados a Iniciação Esportiva e aos motivos que levam crianças a permanecerem as atividades esportivas, propondo condutas que o professor de Educação Física deve apresentar na Iniciação Esportiva, com olhares para a não Especialização Esportiva Precoce. O estudo caracteriza-se como um ponto de vista, baseado nos diferentes estudos revisados na literatura. A Iniciação Esportiva pode exercer grande influência em crianças e jovens. Esta possui diferentes métodos de ensino-aprendizagem, seu processo é dinâmico, e para realizá-lo é necessário planejamento, fazendo com que a prática seja uma atividade prazerosa. Frente aos motivos, um dos motivos que pode gerar o abandono esportivo é a Especialização Precoce. Outro ponto importante a se destacar é a motivação, a qual depende de fatores extrínsecos, como pais e pais e professores, por exemplo, e intrínsecos, como fazer novas amizades, divertir-se e praticar uma atividade que tem facilidade, por exemplo. Sendo assim, tais fatores influenciam a permanência de crianças e jovens no contexto esportivo. Nesse sentido, o preparo adequado do profissional de Educação Física deve apresentar estruturação profissional adequada, visando adaptar suas aulas ao público infanto-juvenil, de modo a respeitar as especificidades e particularidades de cada fase do desenvolvimento, bem como do interesse do grupo, promovendo aulas mais atraentes, objetivando satisfação dos praticantes. Além disso, a preparação também deve ser composta por características que façam o profissional ser capaz de atender todas as expectativas impostas na Iniciação Esportiva, respeitando, é claro, o processo de pluralidade das competências motoras que devem ser trabalhadas na Iniciação Esportiva.ABSTRACT. The permanence of children and young people in sports: looks for initiation and sports specialization. The practice of sports activities occupies an increasing space in the lives of people, especially children and young people. Such practice, when properly planned and elaborated, always respecting the human development process, can generate numerous benefits to participants, such as adherence to sports practice. In this circumstance, the study aims to organize contents linked to Initiation of Sport and to the reasons that lead children to remain in sports activities, proposing behaviors that the Physical Education teacher should present in the Initiation of Sports, with a view to non-Early Specialization. The study is characterized as descriptive-propositional bibliographical. Sports Initiation can have a great influence on children and young people. It has different teaching-learning methods, its process is dynamic, and in order to do it, planning is necessary, making the practice a pleasurable activity. Faced with the reasons, one of the reasons that can cause the abandonment sport is the Early Specialization. Another important point to emphasize is motivation, which depends on extrinsic factors, such as parents and parents and teachers, for example, and intrinsic ones, such as making new friends, having fun and practicing an activity that has ease, for example. Therefore, these factors influence the permanence of children and young people in the sports context. In this sense, the appropriate preparation of the Physical Education professional must present adequate professional structure, aiming to adapt their classes to the child and youth audience, in order to respect the specificities and particularities of each stage of development, as well as the interest of the group, promoting classes more attractive, aiming the satisfaction of the practitioners. In addition, the preparation should also be composed of characteristics that make the professional to be able to meet all the expectations imposed in the Initiation of Sport, respecting, of course, the process of plurality of motor skills that must be worked on in Initiation Sport.


Author(s):  
Irina Cerasela Filip ◽  
Cosmin Filip

Abstract It is necessary to investigate, develop and promote architecture and built environment education in order to increase the civic responsibility towards the built environment and to create a functional, sustainable and aesthetic environment. This type of education can and should lay the foundation for social responsibility but for this, we need to make children and young people understand what being responsible mean and that the city is the result of the involvement of all its inhabitants. Forming such citizens that are able to understand the idea that active involvement and prospective thinking is the first step towards a sustainable transformation of society is a complex and lasting process, which is why it has to start from an early age.


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