Exploring the Links Between Chronic Periodontitis and Oral Cancer: An Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Shaswata Karmakar ◽  
Dipanjan Das ◽  
Baishakhi Modak ◽  
Madhurya Kedlaya ◽  
Anneysa Basu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Oral Carcinoma ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Oral Diseases

Oral carcinoma is a major public health concern worldwide due to its increasing mortality. Apart from alcohol consumption, tobacco and arecanut chewing, other risk factors for oral cancer include chronic infection and inflammation, poor nutritional status, chronic trauma to the oral soft tissues etc. Studies have also found that the risk of developing oral cancer may increase with periodontal diseases like periodontitis. Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial, inflammatory disease of the periodontium primarily caused by the pathogenic microorganisms present in dental plaque biofilm, ultimately resulting in loss of the tooth. An induction of carcinoma by such chronic inflammatory disease appears possible since the involved inflammatory mediators and bacterial toxins in the disease have shown to have a potential for transformation into malignancy. Therefore, establishing a connection between chronic periodontitis and oral carcinoma would be of great interest. Moreover, it seems judicious to take measures to improve oral hygiene in order to minimize the cancer risks. This further intensifies the need for oral health education programs to educate individuals about the importance of maintaining a good oral hygiene for the prevention of other oral diseases as well as systemic conditions.

scholarly journals Oral hygiene status of depressed patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Putri Permatasari ◽  
Gilang Yubiliana ◽  
Aulia Iskandarsyah
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Score Point

Introduction: Oral hygiene is one of the most critical factor in maintaining oral health. Depression symptoms may affect an individual’s oral health due to poor health behaviour, making depressed individuals prone to oral diseases such as caries and periodontal diseases. This study was aimed to obtain the oral hygiene status overview of depressed patients in West Java Psychiatric Hospital. Methods: This study was an observational descriptive with a cross-sectional approach to depressed patients (F.32 ICD Code). The measuring instrument used was Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S). Based on OHI-S, oral hygiene can be assessed into poor within 3.0 – 6.0 score point, fair within 1.3-3.0 score point, or good within 0.0 – 1.2 score point. Results: There were 30 respondents recruited using a purposive sampling method. Based on the plaque index, 1 respondent (3%) fell into good category, 23 respondents (77%) fell into the fair category, and 6 respondents (20%) fell into poor category. Based on the calculus index, 7 respondents (23%) fell into good category, 10 respondents (60%) fell into the fair category, and 5 respondents (17%) fell into poor category. Based on OHI-S, 2 respondents (7%) fell into the good category, 18 respondents (60%) fell into the fair category, and 10 respondents (33%) fell into poor category. Conclusion: Oral hygiene in-dex of depressed patients was categorised as fair.

scholarly journals Defining human mesenchymal and epithelial heterogeneity in response to oral inflammatory disease

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana J Caetano ◽  
Val Yianni ◽  
Ana Volponi ◽  
Veronica Booth ◽  
Eleanor M D'Agostino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Cell Transcriptome ◽  
Single Cell Transcriptome

Human oral soft tissues provide the first barrier of defence against chronic inflammatory disease and hold a remarkable scarless wounding phenotype. Tissue homeostasis requires coordinated actions of epithelial, mesenchymal, and immune cells. However, the extent of heterogeneity within the human oral mucosa and how tissue cell types are affected during the course of disease progression is unknown. Using single-cell transcriptome profiling we reveal a striking remodelling of the epithelial and mesenchymal niches with a decrease in functional populations that are linked to the aetiology of the disease. Analysis of ligand–receptor interaction pairs identify potential intercellular hubs driving the inflammatory component of the disease. Our work establishes a reference map of the human oral mucosa in health and disease, and a framework for the development of new therapeutic strategies.

Association between diabetes mellitus and periodontal health

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1743-1749
Author(s):  
Santhosh T ◽  
Sankari Malaiappan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, highly prevalent almost around 10-15% of adults. Periodontitis is a group of chronic, progressive bacterial infections causing inflammation and destruction of supporting structures of teeth and has multiple factors affecting the quality of an individual's life. Diabetes is also a chronic inflammatory disease. Both diseases share a common platform in disease pathogenesis, a periodontal abscess is the sixth complication of diabetes, and there is clear evidence showing the relationship between periodontitis and diabetes Overall no clear evidence and studies which correlate diabetes and periodontal parameters. This study aims to compare blood sugar levels with demographic data age, gender and to assess the association between periodontal severity with diabetic status. Results: Periodontal severity was found to be greater in both male and female with diabetic Mellitus. 39 out of 52 subjects have generalized chronic periodontitis, and 13 was found to have localized chronic periodontitis. The age group of (50-70) years had high severity of clinical attachment loss. No significant difference between male and female on periodontal severity was found. Conclusion: This study concludes the age group of 50-60 years more prevalent among diabetes with periodontitis. The male is more affected by diabetes and periodontitis. The association between periodontal severity (CAL, PD) increases with an increase in blood sugar level was statistically significant.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene procedure on plaque-induced gingivitis among middle-aged adults – An interventional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
V. Menaka ◽  
G. Kavya ◽  
R. Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
Ain Syuhada Azali ◽  
S. Aparna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Folk Remedy

Objectives: Oral health correlates with systemic health, and maintaining oral health is very important because the oral cavity is considered as a reflection of the general well-being of a human body. Daily plaque removal with a toothbrush is an important component of most oral hygiene programs intended to prevent and control two globally leading oral afflictions dental caries and periodontal diseases. Failure to comply and lack of technical skills of the patient has lessened the effectiveness of conventional tooth brushing. Because of this, research efforts have focused on adjuvant therapy along with brushing for reducing and controlling plaque-induced oral diseases. One such measure is oil pulling. Oil pulling has been used extensively as a traditional Indian folk remedy for many years to prevent decay, oral malodor, bleeding gums, dryness of throat, cracked lips, etc. Most of the studies have been done using sesame oil. Since coconut oil also has many health effects such as boosting the immune system and antimicrobial properties, this can also help in fighting against various pathogens of oral cavity that will in turn act as an effective plaque control agent. Hence, with this background, this study is contemplated to evaluate the benefit of oil pulling along with normal brushing techniques in adults under the age group of 35–44 years. Materials and Methods: Forty healthy subjects belonging to both the sexes who presented with plaque-induced gingivitis will be selected for the study and will be divided into control and study groups. The patients will be informed about the nature and purpose of the study. Health education will be provided to all the students. The modified bass technique will be demonstrated to the participants and they are directed to brush twice daily for 3 min. Toothbrush and toothpaste will be provided to all participants. Among them, 20 subjects were instructed to continue their normal oral hygiene procedures along with coconut oil pulling. Data collected were subjected to appropriate statistical tests using SPSS version 20. Results: A highly statistical difference was seen between the two groups and within the groups. Conclusion: The usage of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene gives a promising result.

Prevalence of periodontal disease in children and adolescents

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
V. Y. Khitrov ◽  
L. S. Ageeva ◽  
N. K. Khamitova ◽  
E. V. Mamaeva ◽  
N. V. Berezina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Facial Skeleton

Periodontal diseases in children and adolescents are quite common, as a result of various reasons: geographic conditions, diet, poor oral hygiene, occlusion pathology, anomalies in the attachment of soft tissues of the oral cavity to the facial skeleton, etc.

Periodontal diseases in children

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Heasman ◽  
P.J. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Gingival Diseases ◽  
Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

Periodontal diseases comprise a group of infections that affect the supporting structures of the teeth: marginal and attached gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Acute gingival diseases—primarily herpetic gingivostomatitis and necrotizing gingivitis—are ulcerative conditions that result from specific viral and bacterial infection. Chronic gingivitis, however, is a non-specific inflammatory lesion of the marginal gingiva which reflects the bacterial challenge to the host when dental plaque accumulates in the gingival crevice. The development of chronic gingivitis is enhanced when routine oral hygiene practices are impaired. Chronic gingivitis is reversible if effective plaque control measures are introduced. If left untreated, the condition invariably converts to chronic periodontitis, which is characterized by resorption of the supporting connective tissue attachment and apical migration of the junctional epithelia. Slowly progressing, chronic periodontitis affects most of the adult population to a greater or lesser extent, although the early stages of the disease are detected in adolescents. Children are also susceptible to aggressive periodontal diseases that involve the primary and permanent dentitions, and present in localized or generalized forms. These conditions, which are distinct clinical entities affecting otherwise healthy children, must be differentiated from the extensive periodontal destruction that is associated with certain systemic diseases, degenerative disorders, and congenital syndromes. Periodontal tissues are also susceptible to changes that are not, primarily, of an infectious nature. Factitious stomatitis is characterized by self-inflicted trauma to oral soft tissues and the gingiva are invariably involved. Drug-induced gingival enlargement is becoming increasingly prevalent with the widespread use of organ transplant procedures and long-term immunosuppressant therapy. Localized enlargement may occur as a gingival complication of orthodontic treatment. A classification of periodontal diseases in children is given in Table 12.1. Marginal gingival tissues around the primary dentition are more highly vascular and contain fewer connective tissue fibres than tissues around the permanent teeth. The epithelia are thinner with a lesser degree of keratinization, giving an appearance of increased redness that may be interpreted as mild inflammation. Furthermore, the localized hyperaemia that accompanies eruption of the primary dentition can persist, leading to swollen and rounded interproximal papillae and a depth of gingival sulcus exceeding 3mm.

Biological Aging and Periodontal Disease: Analysis of NHANES (2001–2002)

2021 ◽  
pp. 238008442199581
Author(s):  
L.M. Nguyen ◽  
J.J. Chon ◽  
E.E. Kim ◽  
J.C. Cheng ◽  
J.L. Ebersole
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by multiple potential contributing factors such as bacterial biofilm infection of the tissues surrounding the teeth and environmental determinants and a dysregulated host response for modifying and resolving the inflammation. Because periodontal disease is a major public health concern with substantial increases in the prevalence and severity in aging populations, previous studies of periodontitis tended to approach the disease as an age-associated outcome across the life span. However, few investigations have considered that, as a chronic noncommunicable disease, periodontitis may not simply be a disease that increases with age but may contribute to more rapid biologic aging. Objectives: Increasing population data supports the potential disconnect between chronological aging and biologic aging, which would contribute to the heterogeneity of aging phenotypes within chronologic ages across populations. Thus, our aim was to test whether periodontal disease affects biological aging across the life span. Methods: The prevalence of periodontitis in the adult US population is a portion of the assessment of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which has been ongoing since 1971 through 2-y cycles sampling populations across the country. We used NHANES 2001–2002 to test the hypothesis that the presence/severity of periodontal disease as an exposure variable would negatively affect telomere length, a measure of biological aging, and that this relationship is modified by factors that also affect the progression of periodontitis, such as sex, race/ethnicity, and smoking. Results: The data demonstrated a significant impact of periodontitis on decreasing telomere lengths across the life span. These differences were modulated by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and smoking within the population. Conclusion: The findings lay the groundwork for future studies documenting broader effects on biological aging parameters as well as potential intervention strategies for periodontitis in driving unhealthy aging processes. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and dysregulated host response. Shortening of telomeres is a reflection of biologic aging. Decreased telomere lengths with periodontitis are seemingly related to chronic infection and persistent local and systemic inflammation. These findings suggest that periodontitis is not simply a disease of aging but may also transmit chronic systemic signals that could affect more rapid biological aging. Clinicians can use this outcome to recognize the role of periodontitis in driving unhealthy aging processes in patients.

scholarly journals A szájüreg leggyakoribb bakteriális eredetű kórképeinek jellegzetességei, diagnosztikája és kezelése

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (19) ◽  
pp. 739-746
Author(s):  
Károly Mensch ◽  
Gábor Nagy† ◽  
Ádám Nagy ◽  
Andrea Bródy
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Untreated Caries ◽  
Dental Foci

Abstract: Billions of microorganisms can be found in the oral cavity, from which bacteria are the most frequent. More than 600 bacterial species can be isolated. Most of them are harmless, moreover, some species prove themselves to be specifically useful. However, in the case of a weakened immune status or inappropriate oral hygiene, they may cause many types of soft and hard tissue disorders. Caries and periodontal diseases are the most common bacterial diseases of the oral cavity. In both cases, the dental biofilm gives rise to the disorder, which is caused by the insufficient oral hygiene. Dental caries are mainly caused by cariogenic streptococci and lactobacilli. In the case of serious periodontal diseases, anaerob parodonto-pathogen microorganisms play the major role. Untreated caries may result in the necrosis of the pulp, which can cause an inflammation expanding towards the parodontium. This can be characterized as a focal infection, like the untreated periodontal pockets. Dental foci may have lots of systemic consequences such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, pneumonia, arthritis, preterm birth and alopecia areata. When these diseases occur, dental foci should always be considered. The professional plaque control and chlorhexidine rinsing before the proposed surgeries have an outstanding role in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Oral cancer is multicausal; more and more researchers are analyzing the role of certain bacteria in the carcinogenesis of oral cancer. In addition to the mentioned clinical aspects, we are planning to describe the relatively rare, but diverse and diagnostically challenging bacterial soft tissue disorders in another publication. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(19): 739–746.

scholarly journals Defining human mesenchymal and epithelial heterogeneity in response to oral inflammatory disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana J. Caetano ◽  
Val Yianni ◽  
Ana A. Volponi ◽  
Veronica Booth ◽  
Eleanor M. D’Agostino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Cell Transcriptome ◽  
Single Cell Transcriptome

AbstractHuman oral soft tissues provide the first barrier of defence against chronic inflammatory disease and hold a remarkable scarless wounding phenotype. Tissue homeostasis requires coordinated actions of epithelial, mesenchymal and immune cells. However, the extent of heterogeneity within the human oral mucosa and how tissue cell types are affected during the course of disease progression is unknown. Using single cell transcriptome profiling we reveal a striking remodelling of the epithelial and mesenchymal niches with a decrease in functional populations that are linked to the aetiology of the disease. Analysis of ligand-receptor interaction pairs identify potential intercellular hubs driving the inflammatory component of the disease. Our work establishes a reference map of the human oral mucosa in health and disease, and a framework for the development of new therapeutic strategies.

Comparative evaluation of changes in the ultrastructure of tooth enamel and dental implants using air-abrasive methods of surface decontamination in the process of carrying out professional oral hygiene

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
D. M. Neizberg ◽  
P. A. Boeva ◽  
I. V. Berezkina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Special Technique ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Relevance. To remove above-gum deposits and under-gum deposits air-abrasive methods are widely used. However, the mechanical properties of air-abrasive products are not known to ensure professional hygiene in the feld of exposure various tooth structures. In this regard more detailed studies on these issues are therefore needed. The aim of the present study was to undertake an comparative analysis of changes in the ultrastructure of the surface of tooth hard tissues when they are processed by powders consisting of sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, glycine and trehalose.Materials and methods. The production of vertical teeth grinding, thickness 1-2 mm, removed by orthopedic or orthodontic indications; the processing of these sections by air-abrasive powders in compliance with the Protocol of use of these funds from the manufacturers during the professional hygiene and the study of the samples by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) by a special technique.Results. The answer to the task was the data of comparative analysis of damage to the enamel surface as a result of processing by various air-abrasive systems and the determination of the least traumatic method of conducting professional oral hygiene in relation to the enamel surface.Conclusions. Processing of enamel by air-abrasive method using powder based on trehalose, glycine and calcium carbonate, observing the recommended conditions for the use of these systems, does not lead to a signifcant change in the enamel ultrastructure, damage or deformation, unlike powders based on calcium bicarbonate. Therefore these systems can be recommended during maintenance periodontal therapy for the prevention of periodontal diseases and dental caries for a long period of time. However, the use of powder based on calcium carbonate is not desirable in the area of dental implants and orthodontic structures such as braces, since the powder remains on these surfaces unchanged and can subsequently cause an exacerbation of inflammatory processes in soft tissues.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document