INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE OF FACTORING AND ITS PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN OUR COUNTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Farrux Usmonov ◽  
◽  
Akrom Absalomov
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Further Development

This article describes how factoring is used in international practice and suggestions and recommendations that need to be implemented for its further development in our country. The proposals and recommendations are based on the results of an analysis conducted in one of the commercial banks of the country

Influence of the Information Revolution on the Formation and Development of Commercial Banks as Financial Institutions (from the XIX Century to the Present)

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Petr V. Aref’ev ◽  
◽  
Evelina A. Batrakova ◽  
Anna V. Nefedova ◽  
Anna V. Romanovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Information Revolution ◽  
Firm Organization ◽  
World Community ◽  
Entire World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Further Development

The formation and development of a particular object of the economic sphere, namely a commercial Bank, is relevant, since each change in a particular sphere has its own weight, its significance, and the competent application of this analysis affects the further development of the individual, firm, organization, state, the entire world community.

scholarly journals A credit policy study of Chinese banks on small and medium-sized enterprises

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 2973-2982
Author(s):  
Xiaosong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Credit Policy ◽  
Policy Study ◽  
Socialist Market Economy ◽  
Market Economy System ◽  
Chinese Banks ◽  
Policy Problems ◽  
Further Development

In recent years, there is rising attention on the difficult financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). With constant development and improvement in China’s socialist market economy system, SMEs is becoming a pivotal part of China’s national economy. It can be said that the development of SMEs makes a great contribution to China’s national economy development. However, SMEs are facing financing bottlenecks at the same time. This is not only because of the limited financing capabilities of SMEs themselves but also because of the various commercial bank credit policies. It is necessary to solve credit policy problems between SMEs and banks, not only for SMEs but also for the further development of commercial banks. This paper analyses the problems and the reasons of “credit grudging” behavior of China’s commercial banks and SMEs financing difficulties through a critical analysis. This paper also uses the method of the dynamic game theory to probe into credit problems between SMEs and commercial banks under the condition of information asymmetry. At the end of the paper, conclusions are made and suggestions are proposed for a win-win solution concerning credit policy problems between SMEs and commercial banks.

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

1955 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-425
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
International Bank ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Further Development

Lending OperationsDuring the period from March 24 to June 22, 1955, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development made nine loans in seven countries. A loan of $12 million in European currencies to the Bank of Finland was announced on March 24, bringing the total of Bank loans in Finland to over $50 million. The new loan was to be used to help finance projects for expansion and modernization of the woodproducts industry and for further development of electric power. Two commercial banks in the United States were participating in the loan, without the Bank's guarantee, to an extent of $2, 288, 000. It was expected that the Bank's loan would finance about one-fifth of the proposed projects, the remainder being financed from Finnish sources. Approximately $8 million of the loan had been allocated to five woodproducts companies and about $4 million to two electric power projects. It was further expected that about three-fourths of the foreign exchange provided by the Bank's loan would be spent in Denmark, France, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom and about one-fourth in the United States. The loan was for a term of 15 years at an interest of 4⅝ percent a year, including the Bank's one percent commission; amortization was to begin on April 15, 1958.

Application of TEM to Deformation, Wear, and Fracture of Ceramics

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
B. J. Hockey
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Further Development

Ceramics, such as Al2O3 and SiC have numerous current and potential uses in applications where high temperature strength, hardness, and wear resistance are required often in corrosive environments. These materials are, however, highly anisotropic and brittle, so that their mechanical behavior is often unpredictable. The further development of these materials will require a better understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling deformation, wear, and fracture.The purpose of this talk is to describe applications of TEM to the study of the deformation, wear, and fracture of Al2O3. Similar studies are currently being conducted on SiC and the techniques involved should be applicable to a wide range of hard, brittle materials.

The stability of dislocation networks under various oxygen-doping conditions in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy single crystals and their influence on the flux pinning properties

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 802-803
Author(s):  
Y. Feng ◽  
X. Y. Cai ◽  
R. J. Kelley ◽  
D. C. Larbalestier
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Basal Plane ◽  
Flux Pinning ◽  
Pinning Centers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anomalous Peak ◽  
Basal Plane Dislocation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Further Development

The issue of strong flux pinning is crucial to the further development of high critical current density Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BSCCO) superconductors in conductor-like applications, yet the pinning mechanisms are still much debated. Anomalous peaks in the M-H (magnetization vs. magnetic field) loops are commonly observed in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy (Bi-2212) single crystals. Oxygen vacancies may be effective flux pinning centers in BSCCO, as has been found in YBCO. However, it has also been proposed that basal-plane dislocation networks also act as effective pinning centers. Yang et al. proposed that the characteristic scale of the basal-plane dislocation networksmay strongly depend on oxygen content and the anomalous peak in the M-H loop at ˜20-30K may be due tothe flux pinning of decoupled two-dimensional pancake vortices by the dislocation networks. In light of this, we have performed an insitu observation on the dislocation networks precisely at the same region before and after annealing in air, vacuumand oxygen, in order to verify whether the dislocation networks change with varying oxygen content Inall cases, we have not found any noticeable changes in dislocation structure, regardless of the drastic changes in Tc and the anomalous magnetization. Therefore, it does not appear that the anomalous peak in the M-H loops is controlled by the basal-plane dislocation networks.

Perceived Burden of Informal Caregivers of a Chronically Ill Older Family Member

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Gräßel ◽  
Raffaela Adabbo
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The burden of caregivers has been intensively researched for the past 30 years and has resulted in a multitude of individual findings. This review illustrates the significance of the hypothetical construct of perceived burden for the further development and design of the homecare situation. Following explanations regarding the term informal caregiver, we derive the construct burden from its conceptual association with the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman. Once the extent and characteristics of burden have been set forth, we then present the impact of perceived burden as the care situation. The question of predictors of burden will lead into the last section from which implications can be derived for homecare and relief of caregivers.

Cognitive Health Counseling 40+

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Eschen ◽  
Franzisca Zehnder ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Further Development

This article introduces Cognitive Health Counseling 40+ (CH.CO40+), an individualized intervention that is conceptually based on the orchestration model of quality-of-life management ( Martin & Kliegel, 2010 ) and aims at improving satisfaction with cognitive health in adults aged 40 years and older. We describe the theoretically deduced characteristics of CH.CO40+, its target group, its multifactorial nature, its individualization, the application of subjective and objective measures, the role of participants as agents of change, and the rationale for choosing participants’ satisfaction with their cognitive health as main outcome variable. A pilot phase with 15 middle-aged and six older adults suggests that CH.CO40+ attracts, and may be particularly suitable for, subjective memory complainers. Implications of the pilot data for the further development of the intervention are discussed.

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