Digital Economy: “Irrational Optimism” of Management and Financing

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Popov ◽  
O. S. Sukharev
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Basic Scheme ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level ◽  
State Programs

The subject of the research is the characteristics of digital technologies as well as factors and basic premises for the development of new technologies. The purpose of the research was to justify the assumption that the irrational optimism is typical not only for financial markets but also for the high-tech market and therefore it can provoke a so-called technological bubble caused by the high speculative potential of the IT sectors due to their output, in particular, information, software, computer components, etc. The research revealed the basic scheme of the speculation in hightech components, which is a consequence of their technical connectivity and the special dynamism of this market that makes companies feel the demand for these components. Measures to restrain the speculative fervor in financial markets are proposed. It is concluded that a high level of microelectronics, materials science and R&D in the IT sectors is a fundamental premise for the implementation of the digitalization program in Russia. Therefore, the current approach to the coordination and financing of state programs has to be changed in favor of reallocating resources to technically linked elements rather than to discrete activities with obscure task definitions. 

Digitalization of the Insurance Market: Tasks, Problems and Prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Tsyganov ◽  
D. V. Bryzgalov
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Mutual Insurance ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Insurance Business ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Formulation Of Problems

The subject of the research is the impact of digital technologies on the insurance market in terms of internetization, digitalization and individualization of the insurance business. The purpose of the research was to analyze the digital insurance concept and the process of digitalization of the insurance market based on the Russian and foreign insurers’ practices in the promotion of digital technologies, including the use of general scientific approaches and research methods. Among the results of the research were the definitions of the «digital insurance» and «digitalization of insurance activities» concepts as well as the formulation of problems and prospects for further use of digital technologies in the insurance market. The paper concludes that the introduction of new technologies in the digital economy will influence the insurance technology without changing its economic substance. Moreover, the digitalization of insurance activities will be followed by significant innovations improving the effectiveness of the former, development of new insurance programs, convergence of commercial and mutual insurance and things alike.

scholarly journals How Digital Technologies Modify The Work Characteristics: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léa Fréour ◽  
Sabine Pohl ◽  
Adalgisa Battistelli
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Work Design ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Work Characteristics ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Human Agent ◽  
Digital Work ◽  
Selection Protocol ◽  
High Level

Abstract New technologies with unprecedented agentic capabilities (i.e., action selection, protocol development) are now introduced in organizations such as Big Data, 3D printing or artificial intelligence. Because they are endowed with novel capabilities that might compete with human agency, they might disrupt the way employees work. Based on the work design model, this study aims to examine their introduction in the daily work activities and the consequent perceptions of the work characteristics. Building on Murray’s et al. (2020) proposal, we offer a classification of the digital technologies to conceptualize their relationship with the work characteristics. To explore the changes induced by two digital technologies (i.e., drones, robotic automation process), we interviewed 3 types of employees (i.e., experts, managers, users) from an organization which has started a digitalization process and we conducted a thematic analysis. Our analysis revealed three main themes that are discussed: A technological theme (arresting, assisting), a work characteristic theme and a theme about the human-technology relationship (agentic, non-agentic). Results showed that employee autonomy has not been reduced when digital technologies executed repetitive and unmotivated tasks and that jobs in the digital work context may be marked by a high level of knowledge characteristics. Moreover, technologies with agentic capabilities may be perceived as a non-human agent. Theoretical contributions for the work design model are then examined.

scholarly journals Reform and Practice of the Course “Application of Computer in Materials Science”

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Li Li
Keyword(s):  
Curriculum Reform ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Teaching Characteristics ◽  
Teaching Content ◽  
Innovation Ability ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level ◽  
Basic Course

<p>The application of computer in materials science, as a professional basic course for undergraduates majoring in materials science and engineering, is both theoretical and operational. At the same time, the practicality and applicability of this course are also obvious. Therefore, there are great challenges for teachers’ teaching and students’ learning. Based on this, combined with the teaching characteristics of the subject, this article explores the teaching reform and practice in terms of teaching content, teaching means and teaching methods, in order to improve the training of high-level applied talents in colleges and universities. The curriculum reform has changed the traditional one-way knowledge transmission teaching mode, which is of great benefit to cultivating students’ engineering literacy, engineering practice ability and innovation ability.</p>

scholarly journals Digital Opportunities and Threats of Organization in New Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
O. E. Kalenov
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
New Economy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Revolutions

The subject of the research presented by the article is opportunities and threats for the organization, which are carried by digital era. The author provides characteristic of the three industrial revolutions that already took place and describes prospects of the fourth one that we witness right now. Its foundation is formed by interaction of industrial and digital technologies and its precondition is mass spread of the Internet. The article gives a list of key technologies, whose combination could seriously raise the efficiency of organization work. It includes the Internet of things, mobile devices and applications, cloud calculations, cyber-physical systems, analysis of big data and new industrial technologies. The author divides digital opportunities into 4 groups: industrial, market, logistic and organizational-managerial. It is also underlined that besides vast opportunities digitalization implies threats: socialeconomic, technological, ecological and informational. Principle problems, which hinder home organizations to integrate into digital economy, were studied. At the same time the level of using new technologies by Russian enterprises and index of business digitalization were analyzed. In conclusion the author substantiates the necessity to introduce digital technologies to ensure competitiveness of companies in new economy.

scholarly journals Taxing Digital Economy: the End of Optimism

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-150
Author(s):  
S. Shokhin ◽  
E. Kudryashova ◽  
A. Shashkova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
International Taxation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
High Level

The rapidly developing digital economy seriously affects the tax systems of different countries. At the end of XX century there was an optimistic approach to the taxation of digital economy. It was considered that there is no need for the new taxes, new tax regimes and the traditional concepts of international taxation were expected to sustain the new challenges. It was also considered that even with implementation of new technologies tax rules should keep on being clear and simple with high level of certainty, so that taxpayers could anticipate the tax consequences in advance. The digital economy was supported and exempt from taxation. Nowadays the possibility of imposing the new special taxes on digital economy is considered and some countries already introduced those taxes. The pessimism in respect of digital economy is now prevailing in the tax systems. However, the tightening trend in the tax regimes may entail the discrimination of the new technologies against those, which were developed before and already entered into the markets. The controversies between the technological center and periphery play certain role here. For the countries of technology periphery to join the tightening trend means to curb development of their domestic high-tech industry as discrimination in taxation of foreign countries is still considered inacceptable. It is obvious that the regulatory pendulum: from the most optimistic to the extreme pessimistic approach, until the desperate protectionist measures, should be balanced with the time. The panic in the publications about the prospective of the digital economy taxation shall subside and turn to the constructive suggestions without unnecessary fiscal focus.

Directions of Development of the Mineral Fertilizer Industry in the Digital Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
E. Kulyasova ◽  
N. Kulyasov ◽  
N. Grinev
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Fertilizer Industry ◽  
High Level

This article is devoted to the development of a model for enhancing the development of the mineral fertilizer industry, which involves the use of a sequentially-parallel approach to implement state support measures and digital transformation of enterprises in this industry. Currently, there is a growing influence of Industry 4.0 and digital technologies on enterprises of the mineral fertilizer industry. These enterprises are of strategically important economic interest for the national economy, as they are objects whose hallmarks are their large-scale, high-tech, high level of dependence on environmental conditions. An analysis of the level of development of the mineral fertilizer industry made it possible to identify a high level of export orientation of the products of enterprises in this industry. The digital transformation of the mineral fertilizer industry is currently hampered by the one-sidedness of the adopted state programs for the development of the industry, which are based on an extensive increase in production capacities that can gradually solve the problem of physical deterioration of fixed assets, but which does not provide an effective institutional environment that stimulates the creation of innovations and the introduction of digital technologies. While the experience of leading countries indicates that the implementation of the Industry 4.0 concept, aimed at the widespread adoption of digitalization processes, can increase the organization’s innovative potential and ensure the world level of competitiveness of mineral fertilizer products. A model for enhancing the development of the mineral fertilizer industry is proposed, based on the use of a sequentially-parallel method in the development and implementation of a set of measures, the implementation of which covers all levels of management both to create and maintain a favorable innovative climate in the framework of macroeconomics as a whole, and to develop the interaction of participants in the industry level and at the level of industrial enterprises themselves.

scholarly journals Planning of the educational and training process taking into account the accelerated psychophysiological recovery of athletes using digital technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 09032
Author(s):  
Vitaly Belmach ◽  
Svetlana Grigan ◽  
Alla Vishina
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Pedagogical Knowledge ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Level ◽  
Psychophysiological Recovery ◽  
And Training

The article shows that new technologies radically change education and the training process in general. In particular, the context of physical education and the training process also faces some important questions regarding why, when and whether it is necessary to include digital technologies in the training process. Pedagogical knowledge is merged in various ways with technological and substantive knowledge; for this integration of different types of knowledge, it is necessary to develop a new “digital platform”. A high level of physical activity during training entails the use of the maximum capabilities of the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to have a clear program in which the rhythm of training is traced by days, weeks and months, the obligatory alternation of load and rest is observed. The aim of the study is to identify the links between physical work and psychophysiological recovery, as well as to substantiate the need to use digital technologies to ensure the effectiveness of the training process.

scholarly journals Implementation of pedagogical solutions to increase the efficiency of the digitalization of learning at the university

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
D.A. Kazimova* , ◽  
◽  
A Tussipkhan ◽  
G. Adilkhan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Information Culture ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University

The article discusses the implementation of digital technologies in the higher education system, which opens up new opportunities for the design of new pedagogical solutions. The authors highlight the ways to create a digital educational space and content application through digital technologies. The main directions of implementation of pedagogical solutions to improve the results of the teaching and learning process in the context of digitalization of education are described. The main areas of application of ICT tools in the educational process of the University for improving the content of teacher education are considered, formation of a high level of information culture. The means of using interactive innovative technologies, automated systems are analyzed, allowing to equip with new information arrays of resource support of the university, for the competent use by teachers of the potential of modern information technologies for solving practice-oriented tasks of professional activity. All of these diverse methods and approaches, selected by the authors contribute to the development of students ' creative abilities, mastering new technologies

scholarly journals Legal Terminology in the Field of Artificial Intelligence and Robotic Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ildar R. Begishev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Robotic Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
The Subject ◽  
End To End ◽  
And Robotics

The development of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies around the world is happening at a fairly rapid pace. The emergence of high-tech solutions and innovations entails the formation of legal terminology for breakthrough technologies. Among the most common terms today, it should be noted such categories as “artificial intelligence” and “robotics”, which are undoubtedly becoming the subject of legal regulation of relations in the field of end-to-end digital technologies.

scholarly journals Assessment of Russian citizens’ attitude to the processes of public services digitalization

E-Management ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
S. P. Kosarin ◽  
I. V. Milkina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Public Services ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
National Project ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Programs

Russia is rapidly increasing the use of digital technologies in all spheres of public life. The speed, with which new technologies appear and are implemented, leads to the fact that people cannot quickly adapt to them. In this regard, in some cases, there may be social tensions, reluctance to use modern advances in digital technologies and other social problems. There is also a overestimation of the importance and impact of the introduced technologies on improving the socio-economic and political life of the country.In this regard, it is of interest to assess the attitude of citizens to the developing digital technologies, and, primarily, to digital services that are introduced in the system of providing state and municipal services and in the sphere of interaction between the state and society. This study is an attempt to make this kind of assessment. The background of the study was the adopting and approving in 2018 the national project “Digital economy of the Russian Federation” and the Federal programs implemented within the framework of this project, as well as the state programs and projects preceding the national project that accompany the formation of the infrastructure of the digital state.The authors conducted a survey of 541 respondents from 49 regions of the Russian Federation to determine and assess the attitude of citizens to the digitalization of public services. During the survey, respondents were asked questions about the use of Federal and regional portals of public services, about awareness of the availability and possibility of using public technologies and services, about the convenience of services and the ability to use them. As a result of the survey, conclusions are drawn about the advantages and disadvantages of using the electronic service of public services, as well as an assessment of the attitude of citizens to the digitalization of public services.

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