scholarly journals Foreign Experience of Import Substitution Policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Baynov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
The Government

In the current international environment — with fashion on international sanctions, in particular, limiting the possibilities of purchasing high-tech equipment from abroad and dependency of the exchange rate of the ruble against various political provocations — the Russian Federation has faced with the necessity of re-industrialization of the ‘raw’ model of the economy and stimulation of the development of its inner potential. It should be noted that, in accordance with the Plan for promoting import substitution in industry No. 1936-r of 30 September 2014, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of industry and trade of the Russian Federation has developed and is implementing 22 sectoral plans for import substitution in selected industries of the Russian Federation. In this regard, it is particularly important to study international experience in the field of import substitution policy. The validity and reliability of presented study are achieved by applying a systematic approach and scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, as well as regulatory, empirical method, etc. As a result of the analysis of international experience, it was possible to identify measures that can improve the efficiency of the state policy of import substitution, including through the use of offset mechanisms in civilian industries and the development of the institution of public procurement, certification, and standardization. In conclusion, the author proposes measures that can improve the policy of import substitution. The practical significance of the article consists in the possibility of applying the results of the study in the elaboration of industrial development programs and further research.

scholarly journals Innovative Development of Russian Economy: Independent Way or Cooperation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Balashova ◽  
Yulia Popova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Monopoly Rent

The modern stage of the world economy is believed to be characterized as a period of the post-industrial development which motive power is science. The biggest success in current terms is reached by the economic subjects which are able either to generate new knowledge and to offer them on the market by using a monopoly rent, or those ones, by having an access to the effectively functioning industrial facility and possessing sufficient amounts of capital, that are able to buy someone elses innovations and integrate them efficiently into their own production processes. The Russian Federation, despite the efforts of the government, first and foremost, in the legislation area fields, does not occupy, unfortunately, its rightful place among the countries with their powerful fundamental and applied science, and also it is not rated among the countries that are at the stage of science-intensive, high-tech industrialization. In view of the available potential, the external conditions of development and the national idea, it is reasonable to consider for the Russian Federation the option of innovative partnership with high-tech or industrially developed countries.

Reform in the Rail and Electricity sectors in Russia: Restructuring, Competition and the Ministry for Antimonopoly Policy

2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pittman
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
International Experience ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control ◽  
Two Sectors

The Russian Federation is in the process of making major structural changes to its railway and electricity sectors. Both sectors will be at least partly vertically disintegrated, with the aim of creating competition in the “upstream” sector while maintaining state ownership and control of the monopoly “grid”. This paper examines the details of reform and restructuring in the context of the international experience with reform and restructuring in these two sectors, and considers the role of the Ministry for Antimonopoly Policy in reform, both in the past as an “advocate for competition” within the government, and in the future as the guarantor of non-discriminatory access to the grids by non-integrated upstream producers.

scholarly journals STATE AND PROSPECTS OF SHIP ENGINE-BUILDING IN RUSSIA

2017 ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
Oleg Konstantinovich Bezjukov ◽  
Vladimir Anatoljevich Zhukov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Current State ◽  
Marine Engines ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

The course of the government of the Russian Federation for the development of the sea and river fleet is determined by a number of Federal target programs. These programs provide for the modernization of the composition of the sea, river and fishing fleet. The article provides analysis of the current state of the civil fleet of the Russian Federation, as well as an overview of engines that are part of the power plants of the vessels in service. There are considered prospects for the development of shipbuilding in Russia on the basis of plans for construction of different purpose vessels. Achieving the goal set by the fovernment should be ensured taking into account the policy of import substitution of the most important elements of sea and river technology. The authors state that the solution of the tasks is impossible without the development of ship propulsion engineering in Russia. The article presents the review of engine-building enterprises of the Russian Federation and products manufactured by them, most attention being given to engine rotational velocity and output. The authors give a comparative analysis to diesel engines produced in Russia and engines of leading foreign manufacturers, which is based on main technical and economic parameters, such as specific effective fuel consumption, average effective pressure, specific gravity, etc. The results of analysis helped to establish the most promising domestic manufacturers of diesel engines capable to compete with foreign manufacturers of marine diesel engines. The article shows the prospects of converting versatile engines produced at domestic enterprises into marine engines, with appropriate modernization of their systems and use of domestic components in their design which meet modern requirements. The article shows the most promising engines of Russian manufacturers, their technical and economic characteristics, which ensure competitiveness; gives the dimensions of advanced engines. The article contains recommendations for ensuring the developing and production of competitive marine engines intended for sea, fishing and river fleets in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL ECONOMICS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Federalism ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 132-148
Author(s):  
S. D. Valentey ◽  
A. R. Bakhtizin ◽  
A. V. Kolchugina
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Expert Community

13  February  2019,  Dmitry  Medvedev,  Chairman  of  the  Government  of  the  Russian Federation, approved the “Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2025”. This document is undoubtedly a significant milestone in the formation of the state regional policy. However, its practical significance caused reasonable doubts among experts. First of all, attention was drawn to the basic term of “spatial development”. How does it differ from the “regional development policy”, the principles main goals and mechanisms of which have not yet defined? May the substitution of the concepts be a way of avoiding this fundamentally important task? They caused questions and uncertainty of the role of regions in the Russian Federation in ensuring the spatial development of the economy. Their place in this process is not specified. The Strategy actually did not take into account the differences of the Russian regions in terms of their socio-economic development and innovative potential. The overall conclusion of a significant part of the expert community was reduced to the need for: substantial refinement of the Strategy; concretization of its basic provisions; developing mechanisms to enhance the role the Russian regions in this process, taking into account differences in their levels of development and socio-economic potential. An attempt to demonstrate the significance of these differences was undertaken in this study, the results of which are summarized in this article.

scholarly journals Initiatives of Strategic Development of The Russian Federation: Evolution and Limitations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 040-059
Author(s):  
Alexander B. Gusev ◽  
◽  
Alexey A. Shiryaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Russian President ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Development Initiatives

The paper provides an analytical review of the most significant socio-economic initiatives of the Russian Federation over the past 20 years. The considered period of time is divided into intervals due to the introduction of sanctions by foreign states against the Russian Federation after reunion with Crimea. The complex of strategies of the pre-sanction period, including the doubling of GDP and the "May" decrees of the Russian President in 2012, were mainly related to domestic politics and, in general, were not fully implemented. In particular, the goal of doubling the GDP was only half completed. The trajectory of the Russian Federation as an energy power faced geopolitical confrontation in the European market, which led to the cancellation and complications in the implementation of the South Stream and Nord Stream 2 transnational gas pipeline projects. The anti-crisis strategy of import substitution proclaimed after the announcement of sanctions against the Russian Federation ended with very modest results, although initially it assumed a rise in the development of high-tech industries. The goal-setting of 2018 in the form of national projects and its further revision in 2020 led to an unfinished reboot of the guidelines for domestic socio-economic development. In the face of acute foreign policy confrontation, the Russian Federation demonstrates a high solidarity with global development initiatives, including the Paris Agreement on Climate, as well as antiquated policies and mass vaccination of the population. Despite the already incurred and expected socio-economic damage from joining global development initiatives, this line of behavior of the Russian Federation is sustainable. The analysis of the rhetoric in the national security strategy of the Russian Federation, which has been dynamically changing after 2014, shows the strengthening of the orientation of the Russian Federation towards the East (India, China), as well as an emphasis on the movement towards unity with the Belarusian and Ukrainian peoples.

scholarly journals Theoretical and practical aspects of spatial and industrial development of region in terms of digitalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Anna A. Urasova ◽  
Dmitriy A. Balandin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Regional Administration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Sectoral Development

The article considers the problems of spatial development of Russian regions in the digital era. Based on the comprehension of modern scientific and theoretical views on the application of the spatial approach in foreign and domestic practice of regional management and the results of using the methods of strategic and factor analysis, a high level of subjectivity was revealed in determining the priorities of territorial development, ignoring specific features and significant industry factors economic growth. A new formulation of the economic category “spatial and sectoral development of the region” is proposed, which allows concretizing the general distinctive features of the development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The priority directions of the spatial and sectoral development of the RF regions have been clarified on the basis of an analysis of a wide range of factors that determine existing and new problems in terms of territorial and sectoral criteria. There have been considered the factors impeding building up competitive advantages in the sectoral section of the regional economy, including making decisions on optimizing various kinds of costs for scenario options for their elimination; to intensify an adaptive response to the need to develop targeted strategic documents focused on the creation of innovative industries, the introduction of digital technologies and competencies that contribute to the production of high-tech competitive products in the context of active digitalization of society. There appears an opportunity to create new jobs, improve the qualifications of personnel in order to obtain and apply the required professional knowledge. There have been made the conclusions: spatial and sectoral development based on the modern provisions of the theory of regional economics takes on the functions of digital processing and diagnostics of various kinds of information in the management of territories of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation and becomes the foundation for the development, adoption and implementation of policy documents, which is confirmed by the practice of the regional administration of the Perm region.

PROBLEMS OF PROMOTING RUSSIAN HIGH-TECH, INNOVATIVE AND OTHER PRODUCTS AND SERVICES TO FOREIGN MARKETS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
B. G. KHAIROV ◽  
◽  
P. S. ZOTINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Information Materials ◽  
Domestic Products

The article covers the promotion of Russian high-tech, innovative and other products and services to foreign markets. The problems of promotion of domestic products abroad are considered in detail. The main directions of solutions to the identified problems are also presented. The work used: a content analysis of regulations and open information materials on the infrastructure for promoting Russian products in foreign markets, a historical retrospective. The article was prepared based on the results of studies carried out at the expense of budget allocations as part of the state task of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.

Theoretical, methodological and practical development in strategic management of agro-economic growth in regions of the Russian Federation within the context of global and national trends in the formation of integrated economic relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-A) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Zhansurat Sultanovna Zhangorazova ◽  
Eldar Safarovich Bakkuev ◽  
Elvira Ruslanovna Kokova ◽  
Rukiyat Omarovna Ugurchieva ◽  
Tatyana Evgenievna Khorolskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
The Russian Federation

Modern conditions for the global economy development clearly indicate that the formation of competitive agrarian economy advantages in the Russian Federation is possible only with the use of an innovative development scenario and the large-scale use of the scientific and technological potential of high-tech industries. Of course, the complex of the most important criteria for the economic growth of the national economy determines the volume of the high-tech sector and the scientific and technical potential of the country at the present stage. The situation in the Russian market clearly implies the need for a quick solution to the main problems of developing high-tech sectors in the agro-industrial complex, accelerating import substitution and ensuring sustainable food security based on resource-saving technologies of agro-industrial production and deep processing of agricultural raw materials.

scholarly journals Evaluation of innovative development of the Russian Federation based on the 2020 vision and strategy indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. V. Zhuravlev ◽  
I. V. Kuksova ◽  
E. A. Gubertov ◽  
L. I. Churikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

The main indicators of the innovative development of the Russian Federation are considered on the basis of the data presented in two regulatory documents developed in 2008 and 2011. The indicators cover a wide range of areas of socio-economic development, and their values should be achieved by 2020. However, the targets of macroeconomic indicators laid down in the documents at the current moment of time are seen to be overestimated. The analysis of the main achievements in the field of innovative development of our country over a ten-year period is carried out. For the analysis, a set of statistical data published in various sources was used, as well as the values of target macroeconomic indicators published in the concept and strategy. Based on the assessment of indicators and their deviations, an analysis is made of the success of the innovative development of Russia in various areas - from the development of the high-tech sector to the publication activity of the authors. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that these or those target values of macroeconomic indicators have been achieved at the current time and an assumption about achieving these values by 2020. In addition, based on the analysis, it was determined which of the three options for innovative development our country is implementing at the present stage. The main reasons that prevented the experts and the Government of the Russian Federation from reaching the main target indicators of the concept and strategy and transferring our country to “innovative tracks” are summarized.

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