The Role of LiDAR in the Realm of Bridge Assessment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Trias ◽  
Yi Yu ◽  
Jie Gong ◽  
Franklin L. Moon
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Bridge Engineering ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Current State ◽  
Structural Capacity ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
Bridge Assessment

<p>Remote sensing is widely viewed as a potentially disruptive technology in the realm of bridge engineering, especially as it relates to assessment and forecasting of future performance. Initial applications for LiDAR in bridge engineering were limited to measuring large-scale dimensions such as span length and clearance, underutilizing the vast majority of the data gathered. Improvements in data processing and proper manipulation open the possibility of exploiting LiDAR for estimating smaller dimensions which have direct relevance on structural capacity estimation. Furthermore, the comprehensive nature of LiDAR datasets allows calculating global displacements, warping, and deformations caused by local loads or damages at any desired point of the scanned structure. To investigate the practicality of this potential, a suite of LiDAR scans was carried out during a destructive test on a heavily skewed steel multi-girder bridge. Displacement results drawn from the point cloud were between 9% and 12% less compared to the displacements gathered from conventional sensors. In addition, the progression of girder warping was also registered and quantified by the LiDAR dataset. This study provides a detailed accounting of the current state of LiDAR as a potential bridge assessment tool compared to more conventional sensing and visual inspection approaches.</p>

scholarly journals The Role of Rubrics in Learning and Implementation of Authentic Assessment: A Literature Review

10.28945/4606 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara A. Nkhoma ◽  
Mathews Nkhoma ◽  
Susan Thomas ◽  
Nha Quoc Le
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Authentic Assessment ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Improve Reliability

Aim/Purpose: This study will review the existing literature on the advantages and challenges associated with rubric design and implementation. The role of rubric as an authentic assessment instrument will also be discussed. Background: This study provides an overall understanding of ‘rubric design, the benefits and challenges of using rubrics, which will be useful for both practitioners and researchers alike. Methodology: A comprehensive literature review was carried out on rubric, educational assessment, authentic assessment and other related topics. Contribution: Different types of rubrics and essential elements to create a complete rubric for classroom effectiveness are reviewed from literature to aid researchers, students and teachers who are new to using and designing rubrics. For experienced rubric designers and users, this will be an opportunity for them to get reassurance from the literature regarding good practices of rubric usage. This project will also be of use to researchers working on rubrics. Findings: A rubric is not only an assessment tool useful for students in high-stakes exam but also an educational instrument supporting learners to select appropriate learning approaches, assisting teachers to design effective instruction strategies, and improve reliability and validity of assessment. Novice learners should begin with generic rubrics due to their simplicity. Meanwhile, a task-specific rubric is more useful to improve reliability and validity of large-scale assessment. Holistic rubrics are appropriate for assessment of learning and analytic rubrics are almost indispensable in student-centred classroom and assessment for learning. Recommendations for Practitioners: A rubric as an authentic assessment instrument is useful to enhance the reliability of authentic assessment. Moreover, other empirical results indicate that rubrics play an importance role in authentic assessment regardless of levels or disciplines. Recommendations for Researchers: Those carrying out research on rubrics, rubric design and authentic assessment will find this paper useful as a point of reference to inform their research. Impact on Society: The findings apply to both learners and instructors in terms of analyzing best practices when using rubrics. The paper highlights that there are three main factors that determine the effectiveness of a rubric in improving students’ performance: namely, the users’ perception, the design, and the purpose of using rubrics. Rubric designing variables should also be optimized based on reliable data and information about the target educational context. Armed with this information, instructors will be in a better position to optimise the learning experience of their students. Future Research: Systemic literature reviews with data analysis from both qualitative and quantitative findings should be carried out in the future to identify current trends and the role of rubrics in learning.

The Special Construction Scheme Exploration of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project Approach Bridge in the Upper Box Girder Bridge

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 1481-1486
Author(s):  
Ze Jun Liu ◽  
Cheng Qian ◽  
Qing Shan Zheng ◽  
Wen Bin Sun ◽  
Yun Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Box Girder ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
Construction Scheme ◽  
North Water ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
Main Bridge ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, combined with the approach bridge of cast-in-place continuous box girder project,discussion on the main bridge construction with support cast-in-place scheme design.The role of a great reference for large-scale projects,from the implementation of the index statistics, analysis shows that, to achieve even better than the specification requirements, and achieved the desired results.

scholarly journals Evolving the neuroendocrine physiology of human and primate cooperation and collective action

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1683) ◽  
pp. 20150014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Trumble ◽  
Adrian V. Jaeggi ◽  
Michael Gurven
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Territorial Defence ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Different Levels

While many hormones play vital roles in facilitating or reinforcing cooperative behaviour, the neurohormones underlying competitive and cooperative behaviours are largely conserved across all mammals. This raises the question of how endocrine mechanisms have been shaped by selection to produce different levels of cooperation in different species. Multiple components of endocrine physiology—from baseline hormone concentrations, to binding proteins, to the receptor sensitivity and specificity—can evolve independently and be impacted by current socio-ecological conditions or individual status, thus potentially generating a wide range of variation within and between species. Here, we highlight several neurohormones and variation in hormone receptor genes associated with cooperation, focusing on the role of oxytocin and testosterone in contexts ranging from parenting and pair-bonding to reciprocity and territorial defence. While the studies reviewed herein describe the current state of the literature with regard to hormonal modulators of cooperation and collective action, there is still a paucity of research on hormonal mechanisms that help facilitate large-scale collective action. We end by discussing several potential areas for future research.

The Role of Sense of Direction and Other Factors During Navigation in a Large-Scale, Unconstrained Environment

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth J. Ploran ◽  
Ericka Rovira ◽  
James C. Thompson ◽  
Raja Parasuraman
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sense Of Direction

Experience of negative pressure wound therapy over sternal wound healing: A retrospective review

WCET Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Wai Sze Ho ◽  
Wai Kuen Lee ◽  
Ka Kay Chan ◽  
Choi Ching Fong
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Wound Therapy ◽  
Treatment Pathways ◽  
Wound Assessment ◽  
One Year

Objectives The aim of this study was to retrospectively review the effectiveness of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in sternal wound healing with the use of the validated Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT), and explore the role of NPWT over sternal wounds and future treatment pathways. Methods Data was gathered from patients' medical records and the institution's database clinical management system. Seventeen subjects, who had undergone cardiothoracic surgeries and subsequently consulted the wound care team in one year were reviewed. Fourteen of them were included in the analysis. Healing improvement of each sternal wound under continuous NPWT and continuous conventional dressings was studied. In total, 23 continuous NPWT and 13 conventional dressing episodes were analysed with the BWAT. Results Among conventional dressing episodes, sternal wound improvement was 2.5–3% over 10 days to 3.5 weeks, whereas 4–5% sternal healing was achieved in 5 days to 2 weeks with sternal wire presence. Better healing at 11% in 1 week by conventional dressing was attained after sternal wire removal. In NPWT episodes, 8–29%, 13–24%, and 15–46% of healing was observed in 2 weeks, 3.5 to 5 weeks and 6 to 7 weeks, respectively. Only 39% wound healing was acquired at the 13th week of NPWT in one subject. With sternal wire present, 6%–29% wound healing progress was achieved by NPWT in 1–4 weeks, and 16–23% wound improvement in 2 to 4.5 weeks by NWPT after further surgical debridement. After sternal wire removal, 6–34% sternal wound healing occurred by continuous NPWT for 1–2 weeks, and maximum healing at 46% after 2.5 weeks of NPWT were observed. Conclusions Better wound healing was achieved in the NPWT group in comparison to conventional dressings alone. However, suboptimal sternal wound healing by NPWT alone was observed. Removal of sternal wire may improve the effectiveness of NPWT. Successful tertiary closure after NPWT among subjects supports the important bridging role of NPWT in sternal wound healing. Factors causing stagnant sternal wound healing by NPWT alone are discussed.

Magnetic Properties of xCeO2•(50 − x) PbO•50B2O3 Glasses and Glass Ceramics

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4486-4494 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.El Damrawi ◽  
F. Gharghar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Essential Change

Cerium oxide in borate glasses of composition xCeO2·(50 − x)PbO·50B2O3 plays an important role in changing both microstructure and magnetic behaviors of the system. The structural role of CeO2 as an effective agent for cluster and crystal formation in borate network is clearly evidenced by XRD technique. Both structure and size of well-formed cerium separated clusters have an effective influence on the structural properties. The cluster aggregations are documented to be found in different range ordered structures, intermediate and long range orders are the most structures in which cerium phases are involved. The nano-sized crystallized cerium species in lead borate phase are evidenced to have magnetic behavior.  The criteria of building new specific borate phase enriched with cerium as ferrimagnetism has been found to keep the magnetization in large scale even at extremely high temperature. Treating the glass thermally or exposing it to an effective dose of ionized radiation is evidenced to have an essential change in magnetic properties. Thermal heat treatment for some of investigated materials is observed to play dual roles in the glass matrix. It can not only enhance alignment processes of the magnetic moment but also increases the capacity of the crystallite species in the magnetic phases. On the other hand, reverse processes are remarked under the effect of irradiation. The magnetization was found to be lowered, since several types of the trap centers which are regarded as defective states can be produced by effect of ionized radiation. 

The Impact of Quantitative Easing on Emerging Markets – Literature Review

e-Finanse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Piotr Bartkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Quantitative Easing ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sufficient Precision

AbstractThe article presents the results of the review of the empirical literature regarding the impact of quantitative easing (QE) on emerging markets (EMs). The subject is of interest to policymakers and researchers due to the increasingly larger role of EMs in the world economy and the large-scale capital flows occurring after 2009. The review is conducted in a systematic manner and takes into consideration different methodological choices, samples and measurement issues. The paper puts the summarized results in the context of transmission channels identified in the literature. There are few distinct methodological approaches present in the literature. While there is a consensus regarding the direction of the impact of QE on EMs, its size and durability have not yet been assessed with sufficient precision. In addition, there are clear gaps in the empirical findings, not least related to relative underrepresentation of the CEE region (in particular, Poland).

ANALYSIS OF APPLICATION OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE BANKING SECTOR

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Ilkovych ◽  
◽  
Maryna Korol ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Current State ◽  
Global Banking ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Further Development

The article considers the essence of blockchain technology and the possibility of its application in the banking sector. The current state of development and application of blockchain technologies in various industries is analyzed. The pros and cons of using blockchain technologies for the banking sector are identified. Emphasis is placed on the role of blockchain technologies in the further development of the banking sector. The most promising directions of development of this technology are considered. Particular attention is paid to examples of the use of blockchain technology by global banking institutions.

Current state and main directions of preservation and strengthening of health of the working population of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Bukhtiyarov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Past ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents the results of the analysis of health, working conditions and prevalence of adverse production factors, the structure of the detected occupational pathology in the working population of the Russian Federation. The article presents Statistical data on the dynamics of the share of workplaces of industrial enterprises that do not meet hygienic standards, occupational morbidity in 2015-2018 for the main groups of adverse factors of the production environment and the labor process. The indicators of occupational morbidity over the past 6 years in the context of the main types of economic activity, individual subjects of the Russian Federation, classes of working conditions, levels of specialized occupational health care. The role of the research Institute of occupational pathology and occupational pathology centers in solving organizational, methodological and practical tasks for the detection, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of occupational diseases is shown. The basic directions of activity in the field of preservation and strengthening of health of workers, and also safety at a workplace are defined.

Age Advantages of Emotional Experience during the COVID-19 Pandemic are Robust, but Diminished Compared to Pre-pandemic Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Sun ◽  
Disa Sauter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Prolonged Stress

Getting old is generally seen as unappealing, yet aging confers considerable advantages in several psychological domains (North &amp; Fiske, 2015). In particular, older adults are better off emotionally than younger adults, with aging associated with the so-called “age advantages,” that is, more positive and less negative emotional experiences (Carstensen et al., 2011). Although the age advantages are well established, it is less clear whether they occur under conditions of prolonged stress. In a recent study, Carstensen et al (2020) demonstrated that the age advantages persist during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that older adults are able to utilise cognitive and behavioural strategies to ameliorate even sustained stress. Here, we build on Carstensen and colleagues’ work with two studies. In Study 1, we provide a large-scale test of the robustness of Carstensen and colleagues’ finding that older individuals experience more positive and less negative emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured positive and negative emotions along with age information in 23,629 participants in 63 countries in April-May 2020. In Study 2, we provide a comparison of the age advantages using representative samples collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We demonstrate that older people experience less negative emotion than younger people during the prolonged stress of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the advantage of older adults was diminished during the pandemic, pointing to a likely role of older adults use of situation selection strategies (Charles, 2010).

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