scholarly journals Effect of Intensive Fattening of Bulls Fed a High-grain Diet on Selected Health Indicators

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Štercová ◽  
D. Haas ◽  
A. Krása ◽  
R. Lepková ◽  
J. Šterc
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Balance

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of intensive fattening of bulls with a high-grain diet on selected health parameters. Metabolic indicators under study were compared with those in bulls receiving a traditional diet based on maize silage. The trial included 18 Czech pied bulls that were fed a diet containing from 75.0% to 83.6% concentrate on dry matter basis. As a control, 18 Czech pied bulls were used, given total mixed ration based on maize silage. The experiment was started after weaning when the treated group averaged 114 days of age and the control group 115 days of age. Bulls were slaughtered at an average age of 473 days in the treated group and 474 days in the control group. The experiment lasted 359 days. In the fattening period, blood and rumen fluid samples were withdrawn to evaluate rumen fermentation, acid-base balance and selected biochemical indicators. After the slaughter, samples of tuber coxae cancellous tissue were collected for the bone metabolism assessment. Among indicators under study, the rumen fermentation ones were the most affected by feeding the high-grain diet. Bulls fed the high-grain diet showed (P < 0.05) lower rumen fluid pH and a higher total titration activity, a higher (P < 0.01) total level of VFA and propionate proportion, and a lower (P < 0.01) acetate proportion than the control bulls. Counts of infusoria were also lower (P < 0.01). Acid-base balance was not significantly influenced by feeding the high-grain diet. The high-grain diet fed bulls showed increased serum levels of AST and phosphorus, but the differences from the control group were non-significant in most cases. In 1 g bone ash of the samples of tuber coxae cancellous tissue in the treated group calcium content was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than in the control group; no significant differences were observed between other indicators under investigation.

Changes in blood acid-base balance parameters and coagulation profile during diarrhea in calves

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sobiech ◽  
W. Rękawek ◽  
M. Ali ◽  
R. Targoński ◽  
K. Żarczyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Coagulation Profile ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Diarrheic Calves ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate possible alterations in acid-base balance parameters and the coagulation profile in neonatal diarrheic calves. Twenty neonatal diarrheic and 20 clinically healthy neonatal calves aged between 1 week to 10 days were used. All blood samples were taken on the third day from the onset of diarrhea symptom. Venous blood samples were collected from each animal to determine platelet numbers, pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3-, BE, O2SAT, ctCO2 and electrolytes (K+, Na+ and Cl-). Plasma samples were collected from each animal for the measurement of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), the concentrations of fibrinogen, D-dimer and the activity of antithrombin III (AT III). Blood pH (7.19), BE (-10.6 mmol/l), HCO3 - (25.15 mmol/l), pO2 (3.33 kPa), O2SAT (24.12 %) were significantly lower and serum concentration of K+ (6.55 mmol/l) was significantly higher in diarrheic calves. These changes indicate the state of uncompensated metabolic acidosis with accompanying hyperkalemia. TT (32.05s) and APTT (39.9s) values were more prolonged in calves with diarrhea than in the control group. D-dimer (587.25 μg/l) concentrations were significantly increased while a visible drop in AT III (103.75%) activity and platelets counts (598 x109/l) were observed in diarrheic group of calves. The results suggest that a consumptive type of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) developed in diarrheic calves.

Influence of various amounts of fumaric acid on performance and parameters of the acid–base balance of growing bulls fed with grass or maize silage

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Remling ◽  
Sabrina Hachenberg ◽  
Ulrich Meyer ◽  
Martin Höltershinken ◽  
Gerhard Flachowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Balance

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF THE VENOUS BLOOD ACID-BASE BALANCE AND RELATIONSHIP BLOOD PH VS TUMOR IN LARYNGEAL CANCER PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Kashirin ◽  
O. V. Khorolets ◽  
S. I. Andreev ◽  
A. A. Mikheev
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Tumor Ph ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Group 2

Abstract The characteristic for most solid tumors cells is the intracellular alkalinization and acidification of the extracellular milieu and this pH gradient inversion (pHe < pHi) is associated with tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, aggressiveness, and treatment resistance. However is there tumor pH (pHi and/or pHe) changes affect on venous blood plasma pH? Purpose of the study. The venous blood acid-base balance before and after the combined treatment, correlation of the venous blood pH indicators (pHb), relationship neoplasm and blood pH in patients with laryngeal cancer was study. Material and methods. Studies were performed in patients with laryngeal cancer categories T2–3 N0 M0 before and after the combined treatment. The patients were divided into four groups: Group 1 – 25 patients before the start of treatment; Group 2 – 21 patients (from Group 1) after completion of the combined treatment; Group 3 – 14 patients from Group 2 with positive results of treatment and Group 4 – 7 patients from Group 2 with a negative result of treatment (recurrence and/or metastasis of the neoplasm). The control group consisted of 15 practically healthy people (Group C). Examination of venous blood acid-base balance of patients, tumor pH and tumor cells pHi and pHe was carried. Results and discussion. The increase in pCO2 and HCO – concentration will result in decrease in the pH, but if these indicators have a clear correlation in the control group, then in patients groups there was a correlation for pHb & pCO2 and pO2 only. Besides, we marked increase in pCO2, HCO –, K+, while pO decreased in pHb after the combined treatment. It is necessary to point out the differences between some benchmarks and indicators of acid-base balance in the plasma of venous blood in primary patients and patients with recurrent laryngeal cancer. So, if pHb, pO2, and Cl– patients have statistically significant differences from control data, then differences with control pCO2 values are characteristic only for patients of Groups 1 and 3. On the contrary, differences in the HCO – indices are characteristic only for patients of Group 4. There are statistically significant differences from the control indicators K+, Na+, Ca2+, Glu, Lac, mOsm in patients of the first group and Cl– and Lac of patients in the third group. Among the indicators in the third and fourth groups of patients, statistically significant differences were noted in the values of pHb, HCO – and Glu.In patients of groups 1 and 4, the determination of pHt and the calculation of pHi, pHe revealed decrease in pHt and pHe with increasing pHi in patients with recurrence of the neoplasm.The final stage of the study was to determine the relationship (and not correlation) of blood pH and laryngeal tumors and the relationship was noted in the «pHb-tumor» system in primary patients, but in patients in 3 and 4 Groups, that «pHb-tumor» connection is rather contradictory. Conclusion. Acid-base balance indicators obviously cannot be considered as unconditional markers of carcinogenesis, but their monitoring and, in particular, venous blood pH, of patients after special treatment, can help determine the risk group of patients who may develop of a malignant neoplasm recurrence. Keywords: acid-base balance, laryngeal cancer, se, prognosis.

scholarly journals Growth rate and acid-base balance in turkeys fed a silage-containing diet modified by different dietary cation-anion difference

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 786-791
Author(s):  
Kamil Gruszczyński ◽  
Wacław Strobel ◽  
Marta Wójcik ◽  
Urszula Kosior-Korzecka ◽  
Joanna Wessely-Szponder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

The aim of the study was to find the responses of acid-base parameters and performance parameters of turkeys to a corn silage (CS) diet with different values of the dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD). The turkeys were fed as follows: group A (control) – standard diet (SD) (60%) plus CS (40%); group B – SD (60%), CS (40%) plus 240 g of CaCl2 per100 kg of diet; group C – SD (60%), CS (40%) plus 480 g of CaCl2 per 100 kg of diet; group D – SD (60%), CS (40%) plus 240 g of NaHCO3 per 100 kg of diet; group E – SD (60%), CS (40%) plus 480 g NaHCO3 per 100 kg of diet. The addition of the smaller amount of CaCl2 reduced DCAD, which ranged between 49.75 ± 6.29 mEq/kg DM and 93.56 ± 3.34 mEq/kg DM. An increased content of CaCl2 led to high, negative values of DCAD. NaHCO3 supplemented in both doses resulted in a significant elevation of DCAD. The addition of CS to the SD led to a lower body weight in comparison to that in the B, C, D and E groups. Forage acidification and alkalization improves body weight gain (BWG) at every stage of feeding. Compared to the control group, the anion gap was insignificantly lower in birds exposed to the acidic diet, and was comparable to the decrease in HCO3 –. Conversely, the addition of NaHCO3 to the diet led to a marked elevation in HCO3 – to 29.63 ± 0.4 mEq/L in group D and to 30.3 ± 0.69 mEq/l in group E. In conclusion, a change in DCAD during the feeding of forage containing CS exerts stimulatory effects on productive parameters of turkeys....

Effect of feeding fermented, ammoniated, condensed whey permeate on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, and acid-base balance in sheep

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Boukila ◽  
J. R. Seoane ◽  
J. F. Bernier ◽  
J. Goulet ◽  
H. V. Petit
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Whey Permeate ◽  
Ammonium Lactate ◽  
Base Balance

Nine DLS rumen-cannulated wethers (69 kg avg BW) were used to study the effects of dietary supplementation with two types of fermented, ammoniated, condensed whey permeate on performance, rumen physiology and acid-base status in sheep fed high-grain diets. Sheep were fed three isonitrogenous (16% CP) diets according to a triple 3 × 3 Latin square design, with three 21-d periods each. One whey permeate contained ammonium lactate (AL) while the other contained ammonium propionate (AP). Urea was used as a source of NPN in the control diet (C). Diets, offered ad libitum, contained 78% barley and 18% dehydrated alfalfa meal. Dry matter and digestible energy intakes were about 15% higher for diets AL and AP than for diet C (P < 0.05). Dry matter digestibility was not affected by the treatments, whereas organic matter and energy digestibilities tended to be higher for diet AP than for diet AL (P < 0.07). Rumen fermentation was not affected by the treatments. Over a 4-h post-feeding period, sheep fed diet C had higher plasma concentrations of lactate (P < 0.06) and acetate (P < 0.04) but lower levels of plasma propionate (P < 0.06) than sheep fed the AL and AP diets. Plasma propionate 2 h after feeding was higher in sheep fed the AL diet versus the AP diet (P < 0.01). Sheep blood was mildly alkalotic despite the fact that sheep were fed a high-grain diet. The two types of fermented, ammoniated and condensed whey permeate were found to be good sources of NPN. Key words: Whey, rumen fermentation, acid-base balance, sheep

Effects of dietary hydroxides on intake, digestion, rumen fermentation and acid-base balance in sheep fed a high-barley diet

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Boukila ◽  
J. R. Seoane ◽  
J. F. Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Alfalfa Meal ◽  
Acid Base Status

Eight mature wethers fitted with rumen cannulae were used in a double 4 × 4 Latin square feeding trial to study the effect of dietary alkalis on digestive physiology of sheep fed a high-barley diet. The treatments were: C = control diet composed of 17% alfalfa meal and 83% concentrate, on as-fed basis; CA = control plus 1% Ca(OH)2; MG = control plus 0.79% Mg(OH)2; CAMG = control plus 0.5% Ca(OH)2 and 0.39% Mg(OH)2. Dry matter intake averaged 1.91, 2.54, 2.79, and 2.72% of BW for diets C, CA, MG and CAMG, respectively (P < 0.01). Digestible DM intake was also affected by the treatments and averaged 0.97, 1.26, 1.35 and 1.37 kg d−1 for C, CA, MG, and CAMG diets, respectively (P < 0.01). Apparent DM digestibility was higher in sheep fed the C diet than in those fed the other diets (P < 0.03) and it was inversely related to intake (P < 0.01). Total VFA concentration was lower in sheep fed C than in those fed the hydroxides (P < 0.01). Proportions of individual VFA were not altered by the diet except for isobutyrate which was higher in sheep fed the C diet (P < 0.01). Rumen NH3-N concentration was lower in sheep fed the hydroxide-containing diets than in animals fed the control diet (P < 0.01). Plasma urea nitrogen was lower for the C diet (P < 0.01). Plasma glucose tended to be lower for the C diet than for the other diets (P < 0.06). The control diet induced a mild form of systemic acidosis as indicated by the decrease in blood pH, HCO3− and base excess (P < 0.01). Addition of Ca(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2 to the diet, alone or in combination, improved the systemic acid-base status of sheep and was associated with increased DM intake. Key words: Hydroxides, acid-base balance, rumen fermentation, sheep

scholarly journals Effect of Ginger Powder (Zingiber officinale) on Acid-Base Balance, Rumen and Blood Constituents in Healthy Egyptian Sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Rumen Acidosis ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Ginger Powder

Medicinal herbs have been used for several thousand years in traditional medicine and are known to be inexpensive, effective, readily available, and safe to use, with almost no side effects. As no previous research focused on the effect of ginger powder (Zingiber officinale) on acid-base balance in sheep, the goal of this study was studying the effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) powder on acid-base balance, rumen, and blood constituents. Ten Egyptian ewes were given ginger powder 500mg/kg bwt orally in the morning before feeding for 5 days. Blood and rumen juice samples were collected in the morning on 0 (control), 3rd, and 5th day before feeding. Results generally showed a significant increase in rumen fluid pH, WBCS, lymphocytes, MCH, and MCHC. Significant decrease in total volatile fatty acids, serum total protein, and globulin were recorded. Ginger maintained acid-base balance, rumen protozoa activity, total protozoa count, rumen ammonia concentration, RBCs, PCV, Hemoglobin, neutrophils, albumin, BUN, Creatinine, GGT, and AST within normal range. Depending on changes in blood and rumen constituents we may suggest a recommendation for using ginger supplementation as 500mg/kg bwt orally for 3-5days as an immune stimulant and in the treatment of rumen acidosis and respiratory affections in sheep.

scholarly journals The influence of the silage with high acidity on the rumen fermentation of cows

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Petr Doležal
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Twenty dairy cows were used in an experiment at which the influence of silages with different content of acids on the rumen fermentation was studied. Animals were divided into experimental and control group, each of them about 10 individuals. Feeding ratio consisted of maize silage (26 kg), alfalfa silage (13 kg), meadow hay (1 kg) and corn mixture (8.5 kg). The experimental group was fed an inoculated maize silage, with higher contents of fermentation acids. Intake of total acids per 1 kg live weigh was higher in the experimental group than control group (1.98 g/kg; 1.48 g/kg live weight, respectively). The rumen fluid was taken per orally 2-3 hours after feeding. Mean value of pH of rumen fluid was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the experimental group (5.8 ± 0.08) in comparison with control group (6.2 ± 0.06).The most significant increase (P<0.01) of VFA content (125 ± 5.2 mmol/l) and lactic acid content (4.8 ± 0.2 mmol/l) was observed in rumen fluid of experimental group. Significant differences (P<0.05) of propionic acid and butyric acid content were also found out between the groups. Nevertheless, acetic acid content was insignificant (P>0.05) lower in experimental group. A protozoa (infusoria) content was significantly (P<0.01) lower in the experimental group (175.76 ± 12.54 thousand/ml) as compared with the control group (288.1 ± 13.73 thousand/ml).

Effects of infusing the rumen with acetic acid and nitrogenous constituents in maize silage extracts on food intake, ruminal osmolality and blood acid–base balance in sheep

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Phillip ◽  
J. G. Buchanan-Smith ◽  
W. L. Grovum
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Cumulative Food Intake

SUMMARYFour experiments were conducted to determine whether the products of fermentation in maize silage could limit food intake by lambs. In all experiments the lambs were fed ad libitum adietoi dried and pelleted lucerne, but were deprived of food for 4 h on the morning of intraruminal infusion. The infusions were made according to latin-square designs and commenced after 1 h of food deprivation. In Expt 1, the infusion of 3·5 I acetic acid solutions to provide 15, 30 and 60 g acetic acid had no effect (P > 0·05) on cumulative food intake compared with water. In Expt 2 infusion of three maize silage extracts differing in their composition of nitrogenous constituents suppressed (P < 0·05) food intake relative to acetic acid alone, but there were no significant (P < 0·05) differences among the extracts. When 2·71 of an extract from a low dry matter (D.M.) maize silage were infused in Expt 3 cumulative food intake was significantly (P > 0·05) decreased compared with acetic acid, but ruminal osmolality was increased to 430 mosmol/kg and ruminal pH declined to less than 5·5. In Expt 4, 1·5 1 of the low D.M. maize silage extract, an amount actually consumed by lambs during 4 h, decreased voluntary intake by 25% compared with the control but the effect was not statistically significant. Estimates of ruminal osmolality and pH ranged between 250 and 360 mosmol/kg and between 68 and 6·2 respectively. Measures of acid-base status were not affected (P < 0·05) by the infusion of acetic acid or maize silage extract. Whether specific soluble constituents of maize silage fermentation could limit food intake by ruminants was not proven.

scholarly journals Diagnostic utility of different models used to assess the acid–base balance in cats with chronic kidney disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Piotr Sławuta ◽  
Agnieszka Sikorska-Kopyłowicz ◽  
Grzegorz Sapikowski
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Anion Gap ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Classic Model ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Base Balance

AbstractMetabolic acidosis is diagnosed based on the concentration of bicarbonate ions and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood, although acid–base balance (ABB) disorders may also be diagnosed based on the serum ion concentrations in order to determine the values of strong ion difference (SID), anion gap (AG), corrected anion gap (AGcorr) and chloride/sodium ratio (Cl−/Na+). The aim of this study was to assess and compare the classic model, the value of the AG, AGcorr, and Cl−/Na+ in the diagnosis of ABB disorders in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study group consisted of 80 cats with CKD, divided into four groups based on the guidelines of the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS). The control group (C) included 20 healthy cats. Metabolic acidosis – diagnosed based on the classic model (Hendersson–Hasselbalch equation) – was found in IRIS group IV. AG, AGcorr, SID calculated for IRIS groups II, III and IV were lower than in group C, while the value of AGdiff and Cl−/Na+ in those groups was higher than in group C. We can conclude that ABB analysis using the classic model enabled the detection of ABB disorders in cats in stage IV CKD. However, the analysis of the AG, AGcorr and Cl−/Na+ values enabled the diagnosis of acid–base balance disorders in cats with IRIS stage II, III and IV CKD.

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