scholarly journals Nutritional Composition of Seeds of the Genus Lupinus

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Straková ◽  
P. Suchý ◽  
V. Večerek ◽  
V. Šerman ◽  
N. Mas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Lower Content ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Lupin Seeds ◽  
Locally Grown

The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the chemical composition of the seeds of the genus Lupinus and soybeans. The chemical analyses were carried out in frequently grown lupin varieties in Europe (AMIGA, ANDA, ATU, BORUTA, BUTAN, DIETA, JUNO, KARO, PRIMA, ROSE, SONET and WATT) and two locally grown varieties of soybeans (KORADA and VISION). The contents of individual substances in analysed lupin seeds showed large differences in chemical composition of individual lupin varieties (crude protein: 317.06 - 458.86 g kg-1; lipids: 52.15 - 125.76 g kg-1; fibre: 101.21 - 154.23 g kg-1; non-nitrogenous extractive substances: 285.94 - 436.47 g kg-1; starch: 41.31 - 102.65 g kg-1; organic matter: 951.75 - 966.24 g kg-1; ash: 33.76 - 48.25 g kg-1; calcium: 2.29 - 5.10 g kg-1; phosphorus: 4.62 - 8.04 g kg-1; magnesium: 1.36 - 2.51 g kg-1; acid detergent fibre: 133.13 - 209.25 g kg-1). Lupin seeds were characterized by high contents of crude protein; in some varieties they significantly exceeded the content of crude protein in soybeans. In contrast to lupine seeds, soybeans contained a significantly higher content of lipids and lower content of fibre including acid detergent fibre. In lupin seeds, a negative correlation coefficient was found between the crude protein and BNLV content (r = -0.93) and between crude protein and starch content (r = -0.79). A positive correlation (r = 0.76) was found between the starch and BNLV content in lupin seeds. The results of the study provide information not only for growers regarding the choice of individual lupin varieties, but also for breeders who intend to use lupin seeds as suitable components for feed rations and mixtures.

scholarly journals Research Regarding Crude Chemical Composition and Heavy Metal Content of Some Ecological Forages Utilised in Dairy Cows Nourishment

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-415
Author(s):  
Gherasim Nacu ◽  
Nadia Aioanei ◽  
Ioan Mircea Pop ◽  
Daniel Simeanu ◽  
Paul-Corneliu Boisteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Conventional Systems

Kowing the importance of utilised food for milk obtaining, in the current paper we determine the chemical composition of a natural meadow and green mass alfalfa cultivated in ecological and conventional systems, utilised for dairy cows feeding. Were analysed the content in: dry matter DM (%), crude ash C.Ash (%), organic substance OS (%), crude protein CP (%), crude cellulose CC (%), non-nitrogenous extractive substances NES (%), neutral detergent fibre NDF (%), acid detergent fibre ADF (%), Ca (%), P (%), heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu - ppm), nitrates, nitrites and pesticides. Analysis were realised in two consecutive production years, for each indicator being made 5 determinations. Samples gathering and analysis were effectuated in according with standards and enshrined working methods. Differences between crude chemical composition of forages obtained in ecological system and the ones obtained by conventional agriculture had statistical significance (from significant � p ≤ 0.05 � to very significant � p ≤ 0.001) for the majority of indicators. Differences between those two production systems were insignificant only for crude fat (both forages), crude cellulose (alfalfa), non-nitrogenous extractive substances (both forages) and for acid detergent fibre (alfalfa). Both forages were safety regarding pollutants (heavy metals, nitrites, nitrates and pesticides), existing however statistically differences between those two production systems, in the favour of ecological

SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GRASSES HARVESTED FROM THE NATURAL PASTURE IN OGUN STATE SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
O. A. OKUKENU ◽  
B. T. AKINYEMI ◽  
P. A. DELE ◽  
A. A. OLAJIDE ◽  
A.O. JOLAOSHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Dominant Grasses

The research was carried was carried out to evaluate the chemical composition of the dominant grasses harvested from the natural pasture in selected villages in Ogun State, South-western Nigeria at different seasons. The study was carried out using a 4 × 6 factorial arrangement comprising four seasons (early rain, late rain, early dry and late dry) at six locations (Afami, Atokun, Ibooro, Ileniku, Ipaaya, and Okerori). Results showed that the crude protein (CP) content significantly (p<0.05) varied from 5.56 % for Okerori to 7.34 % for Ibooro and the grasses harvested at Afami had the highest (72.75 %) neutral detergent fibre (NDF) values with the least (68.75 %) value recorded for Okerori, while the acid detergent fibre (ADF) values ranged from 41.00 % for Atokun to 48.25 % for Okerori. Also, CP value as affected by the season ranged from 4.23 % for late rainy to 9.44 % for the early rainy season and NDF values from 67.33% for late dry to 72.33 % for late rainy season while the early dry season had the highest value (48.00 %) for ADF with the least value (40.33 %) was recorded for the early rainy season. The phosphorus (P) value was highest at Ipaaya (2.99 g/kg) with the least value observed at Okerori (1.62 g/kg). The value for calcium ranged from 2.55 g/kg at Afami to 6.59 g/kg at Okerori. The P value of grasses as affected by seasons ranged from 1.46 g/kg for early dry to 2.66 g/kg for early rainy seasons.

scholarly journals Effect of method of preservation on the chemical composition of Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
N. J. Ekanem ◽  
U. Okah ◽  
F. O. Ahamefule ◽  
O. J. Ifut ◽  
K. Ikwunze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Enterolobium Cyclocarpum ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves are less acceptable by ruminants due to their high contents of anti-nutritional factors. The effect of preserving Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves as hay and silage or silage: hay combinations on the proximate, fibre fractions, anti-nutritional factors, minerals and vitamins compositions were investigated in this study. Six experimental treatments consisting of 100% fresh Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves, 100% ensiled Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves, 100% sun dried Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves, 75% silage: 25% hay, 50% silage: 50% hay and 25% silage: 75% hay were formulated. Each treatment was replicated 3 times and analyzed for chemical composition. The crude protein content ranged from 14.70 – 22.05%, which significantly differed (p<0.05) across treatments with the highest value in the fresh leaves. The values for neutral detergent fibre ranged from 56.64 – 57.92 %, acid detergent fibre from 37.14 – 39.87 % and acid detergent lignin from 13.30 – 14.96 %, they all differed significantly (p<0.05) across treatments with highest values in the 100% ensiled treatment. Preservation as silage significantly (p<0.05) reduced the concentrations of tannin, phytate and hydrocyanic acid, while preservation as hay significantly (p<0.05) reduced the concentration of saponin. The mineral contents of the EC leaves preserved as silage, hay and silage: hay combinations (Treatments 2 - 6) compared favourably with the mineral contents of the fresh leaves (Treatment 1). Preserved EC leaves (Treatments 2 – 6) had significantly (p<0.05) higher concentrations of vitamin C (444.21 –657.60 mg/100g) than the fresh leaves (308.79mg/100g). Thus preservation of E. cyclocarpum leaves as silage or hay improved its chemical composition and reduced its contents of anti-nutritional factors.

Effect of processing of palm oil petiole on palatability in Bali cows (Bos sondaecus)

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 93-93
Author(s):  
M Afdal ◽  
S Syarif ◽  
A Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

Palm oil petiole (POP) is a pruning by-product from palm oil plantations. POP is the stalk of the palm oil frond (POF) without the leaflets and the outer layer. By weight, it contributed about 30 percent of POF. POP was a possible alternative for POF in feeding Bali cows (Bos sondaecus) since Bali cows we observed to reject fresh POF. Central Bureau of Indonesian Statistics (2006) reported that the production of POF was around 10,869,365 t from around 3,682,900 ha of palm oil plantation in Indonesia which is equivalent to 3,260,810 t of POP. POF are successfully used as feed for Bos taurus and Bos indicus and there are a lot of studies being done, especially in Malaysia. Alimon and Hair Bejo (1995) reported that the chemical composition of POF is 47, 385, 787, 556 g kg-1 and 5.65 MJ kg-1 for crude protein (CP), crude fibre, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and metabolisable energy respectively. However, there is no information on the nutritive value of POP and its palatability in Bali cows. The aims of this study were to evaluate the nutritive value of POP, and palatability of POP types by Bali cows when processed in several forms.

ALTAI WILD RYEGRASS (ELYMUS ANGUSTUS) AND ALFALFA AS RATION COMPONENTS FOR LAMBS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. KNIPFEL ◽  
D. H. HEINRICHS
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Optimum Performance ◽  
Fecal Collection ◽  
Fibre Fraction

Diets containing Altai wild ryegrass (Elymus angustus Trin.), alfalfa (Medicago media Pers.), or mixtures of these two forage crops were fed to 30-kg growing lambs in digestion stalls, with digestibilities of organic matter (OMD), crude protein (CPD), crude fibre (CFD) and energy (ED) determined following two total fecal collection periods of 8 days each. The same ratios of Altai wild rye:alfalfa were then fed in diets containing 20% barley. The protein content and the digestibility of protein was much higher in alfalfa than in Altai wild ryegrass, while the crude fibre fraction of Altai wild ryegrass was more digestible than that of alfalfa. Addition of 20% barley increased DCP and reduced DCF contents of the diets. Mixtures of the forage crops alone or with barley supplied DCP requirements of the growing lamb. DE contents of the two forage crops were similar and deficient for optimum performance of the growing lamb, although inclusion of 20% barley appeared to correct this deficiency according to chemical composition of the diets. Intakes of all diets fed were insufficient to allow optimum lamb performance, even though chemical analyses suggested that diets containing barley were adequate in DE content.

scholarly journals CONTENT OF EXTRACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE PINE WOOD UNDER VARIOUS GROWTH CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Dace Cīrule ◽  
Ilzīte Lavnikoviča ◽  
Anda Alksne ◽  
Jurijs Hrols
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Extractive Substances

Studies of the chemical composition of Pinus sylvestris L. were performed. The studies embraced all the largest pine populations and the most spread forest types in Latvia. Samples for chemical analyses were taken in 4 stem heights, separately from sapwood and core. The obtained results indicate that the content of cellulose and lignin for trees from different regions and forest types in one stem localization differs moderately. The essential distinctions from the point of view of the chemical composition of pine wood suggests only the extractives content in wood. Common tendencies are observed for the distribution of extractives (EBE) throughout the stem for trees both different regions and forest types. In all stem heights EBE are more in core than in sapwood. To assess the effect of growth conditions on EBE content the results obtained for the same localization in the stem were compared. In all forest types and regions the EBE content in wood is higher as compared with the wood from less ecologically touched regions. In addition the substances extractable with hot water (WE) were determined. It is characteristic that both EBE and WE are less in pine trees grown in drained areas.

scholarly journals Nutritional Composition and Mineral Elements Content Analyses of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S. C. Cheng Grown in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghui Jiang ◽  
Longqian Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Karst Landform ◽  
Candidate Molecule

Abstract Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S. C. Cheng (L. fulvotomentosa), a vine shrub found in Southwestern China, is used for treating epidemic fever and infectious diseases, such as SARS and Avian Influenza. Here, we investigated the chemical composition and nutritional content of dried flowers of L. fulvotomentosa grown in yellow loam and Karst landform soil in Guizhou, China. The moisture content in all samples varied from 3.25 to 3.63%, lipids from 7.76 to 9.93%, fiber from 6.93 to 7.34%, ashes from 12.32 to 12.76%, crude protein from 7.85 to 8.53%, and carbohydrates from 56.21 to 59.77%. Using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), the predominant mineral elements in the dried flowers were found to be calcium (297.34-351.26 mg/kg), potassium (132.56-140.37 mg/kg), iron (37.77–41.25 mg/kg), and magnesium (9.47–11.36 mg/kg). Also, HPLC identified flavonoids (kaempferol, rutin, quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin) and phenolic acids (caffeic acid, gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid). Thus, the chemical composition of L. fulvotomentosa was similar to that of Lonicera japonica Thunb. (L. japonica). Thus, it could be used as an alternative to L. japonica. Our results showed that the dried flower of L. fulvotomentosa had an extremely high content of chlorogenic acids and caffeic acid, which could be developed as a candidate molecule as HIV inhibitors.

EFFECTS OF CUTTING TREATMENTS ON LADINO CLOVER GROWN ALONE AND IN MIXTURE WITH GRASSES: II. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FORAGE

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gervais
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Lower Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Cutting Frequency ◽  
Made In

Ladino clover grown alone and in mixture with timothy and smooth bromegrass was cut two, four and six times per season to a height of [Formula: see text] and 3 inches. Forage harvested in 1955 and 1956 from a seeding made in 1954 at the Experimental Farm, Lennoxville, Quebec, was chemically analysed.Ladino clover contained more K but less N-free extract and Ca when grown alone than when associated with a grass. Bromegrass had a higher content of crude protein, ash, P and K, and a lower content of N-free extract than timothy.Height of cutting failed to modify the chemical composition of the grasses. In the clover, close cutting reduced the fat and K contents and increased the ash content.The crude protein content increased and the crude fibre and N-free extract contents decreased in both forage fractions with increasing cutting frequencies. Fat was highest in the clover cut four times and in the grasses cut four and six times. The ash content in the clover was not significantly altered by cutting frequency but tended to decrease with increasing maturity in the grasses. The Ca content was lowest in the clover cut six times and in the grasses cut twice. In both forage fractions, the P and K contents were higher with either four or six cuttings than with two cuttings.

scholarly journals EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF TRIDAX PROCUMBENS FOR LIVESTOCK FEED

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
B. A. Kalu ◽  
M.C. Njike ◽  
S. A. Ikurior
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
True Digestibility ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre

Seasonal changes in chemical composition represented by crude protein (CP), In vitro true digestibility (IVTD), and fibre components measured by neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid-detergent fibre (ADF) and lignin were evaluated at specified cano­py ages and stages of maturity in Tridax procumb ens. Samples were selected from five harvest dates in April, June, August, October, and December. Chemical com­position was: highly responsive to dates of harvest. The stage of maturity of canopies reached significantly higher values in August than in the other months of the year. Asso­ciated with these were-lower CP and IVTD and high NDF, ADF and lignin. The poten­tial value of Tridax prOcumbens lies in a pro­perly structured management system that optimises its quality attributes.

scholarly journals Some nutritional properties of Taiwan Napier grass leaves (Pennisetum purpureum) harvested at different time

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Masnindah Malahubban ◽  
Nur Zahirah Abd Jalil ◽  
Fitri Ab Aziz Zakry ◽  
Juriah Kamaludeen ◽  
Mohammad Nasir Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre

The effect of different harvesting time on Napier grass's nutrient composition (Pennisetum purpureum) leaves was investigated. Taiwan Napier grass grown under field conditions were harvested at day-15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 after planting. The leaves samples subjected for analyses on dry matter, moisture, ash, crude fibre, crude fat, crude protein and acid detergent fibre, and the data expressed as a percentage. The present study found that the different harvesting time had changed all nutrients composition, except, crude protein where no variation in crude protein during any harvesting time observed. The present study recommends harvesting time for Taiwan Napier grass between 45 and 60 days after planting was the best. This finding is useful as baseline data that provides information on Taiwan Napier's nutritional composition grown at a particular cropping site. It helps plan and strategy for new planting activity, especially when determining the best time for harvesting.

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