scholarly journals Serological responses to COVID-19 Comirnaty booster vaccine, London, United Kingdom, September to December 2021

2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Ireland ◽  
Heather Whitaker ◽  
Shamez N Ladhani ◽  
Frances Baawuah ◽  
Sathyvani Subbarao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Booster Vaccine ◽  
Primary Immunisation ◽  
Vaccine Type

Serum samples were collected pre- and post-booster vaccination with Comirnaty in 626 participants (aged ≥ 50 years) who had received two Comirnaty doses < 30 days apart, two Comirnaty doses ≥ 30 days apart or two Vaxzevria doses ≥ 30 days apart. Irrespective of primary vaccine type or schedule, spike antibody GMTs peaked 2–4 weeks after second dose, fell significantly ≤ 38 weeks later and rose above primary immunisation GMTs 2–4 weeks post-booster. Higher post-booster responses were observed with a longer interval between primary immunisation and boosting.

scholarly journals Serological responses to COVID-19 booster vaccine in England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Ireland ◽  
Heather Whitaker ◽  
Shamez N Ladhani ◽  
Frances Baawuah ◽  
Vani Subbarao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Primary Vaccination ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
National Immunisation ◽  
Primary Immunisation ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ongoing Surveillance

Importance: There are limited data on immune responses after COVID-19 vaccine boosters in individuals receiving primary immunisation with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) or AZD1222 (AstraZeneca) Objective: To assess SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses before and after booster vaccination with BNT162b2 in adults receiving two BNT162b2 or AZD1222 vaccine doses at least 6 months previously, as part of the United Kingdom national immunisation schedule Design: Prospective, cohort study Setting: London, England Participants: 750 immunocompetent adults aged ≥50 years Interventions: A single dose of BNT162b2 administered at least six months after primary immunisation with two doses of BNT162b2 given <30 days apart (BNT162b2-control) or ≥30 days apart (BNT162b2-extended) compared to AZD1222 given ≥30 days apart (AZD1222-extended) Main Outcome and Measures: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody geometric mean titres (GMTs) before and 2-4 weeks after booster Results: Of 750 participants, 626 provided serum samples for up to 38 weeks after their second vaccine dose. Antibody GMTs peaked at 2-4 weeks after the second dose, before declining by 68% at 36-38 weeks after dose 2 for BNT162b2-control participants, 85% at 24-29 weeks for BNT162b2-extended participants and 78% at 24-29 weeks for AZD1222-extended participants. Antibody GMTs was highest in BNT162b2-extended participants (942 [95%CI, 797-1113]) than AZD1222-extended (183 [124-268]) participants at 24-29 weeks or BNT162b2-control participants at 36-38 weeks (208; 95%CI, 150-289). At 2-4 weeks after booster, GMTs were significantly higher than after primary vaccination in all three groups: 18,104 (95%CI, 13,911-23,560; n=47) in BNT162b2-control (76.3-fold), 13,980 (11,902-16,421; n=118) in BNT162b2-extended (15.9-fold) and 10,799 (8,510-13,704; n=43) in AZD1222-extended (57.2-fold) participants. BNT162b2-control participants (median:262 days) had a longer interval between primary and booster doses than BNT162b2-extended or AZD1222-extended (both median:186 days) participants. Conclusions and Relevance: We observed rapid serological responses to boosting with BNT162b2, irrespective of vaccine type or schedule used for primary immunisation, with higher post-booster responses with longer interval between primary immunisation and boosting. Boosters will not only provide additional protection for those at highest risk of severe COVID-19 but also prevent infection and, therefore, interrupt transmission, thereby reducing infections rates in the population. Ongoing surveillance will be important for monitoring the duration of protection after the booster.

Reduction of Milk Contamination with Aflatoxin-M1 through Vaccination of Dairy Cattle with Aflatoxin-B1 Vaccine

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Primary Vaccination ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Albumins ◽  
Milk Contamination ◽  
Before And After

Aflatoxin M1 is one of mycotoxin derivatives, which is secreted in milk of dairy cattle fed on feed contaminated with Aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1). The current study was designed to prepare a vaccine against AFB1and to evaluate its efficacy in reducing or preventing secretion of AFM1 in milk. Aflatoxin-B1 was prepared, purified and transformed into oxime, then it was fixed on bovine serum albumins. The AFB1-BSA conjugate was adjuvanted with Gold Nano particles then Montanide ISA 206. The prepared vaccine was used for immunization of rabbits by S/c routes as 100 µg/dose and dairy cattle by I/M routes as 500 µg/dose. The vaccinated animals were boosted at 3 weeks post primary immunization. Serum samples were collected and examined for the anti-AFB1 using AGPT. A mean titer of 15.2 AGPU/ml was detected at 2 weeks post primary vaccination then significantly increased till reached to 76.8 AGPU/ml at 6 weeks post Booster vaccination. All vaccinated rabbits were challenged with dose of 0.3 mg AFB1 toxin/Kg. The vaccinated rabbit showed 100% protection and no AFB1 toxin residue was detected in their livers. Milk samples were collected from non-vaccinated and AFB1-immunized dairy cattle then examined with ELISA for quantitation of AFM1 residues before and after vaccination. The results showed that the prepared AFB1 vaccine was safe, potent and able to reduce AFM1 release in milk of vaccinated heifers by 70%. So the vaccination of lactating animals with the AFB1vaccine might represent a valid tool for the prevention of AFM1 contamination of milk and dairy products.

scholarly journals Corrigendum to ‘Responses to an acellular pertussis booster vaccination in children, adolescents, and young and older adults: A collaborative study in Finland, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom’

EBioMedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 103420
Author(s):  
Pauline Versteegen ◽  
Marta Valente Pinto ◽  
Alex M. Barkoff ◽  
Pieter G.M. van Gageldonk ◽  
Jan van de Kassteele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
The United Kingdom

Seroprevalence ofBordetella pertussisin the Mexican population: a cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. CONDE-GLEZ ◽  
E. LAZCANO-PONCE ◽  
R. ROJAS ◽  
R. DeANTONIO ◽  
L. ROMANO-MAZZOTTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Sources Of Infection

SUMMARYSerum samples collected during the National Health and Nutrition survey (ENSANUT 2006) were obtained from subjects aged 1–95 years (January–October 2010) and analysed to assess the seroprevalence ofBordetella pertussis(BP) in Mexico. Subjects' gender, age, geographical region and socioeconomic status were extracted from the survey and compiled into a subset database. A total of 3344 subjects (median age 29 years, range 1–95 years) were included in the analysis. Overall, BP seroprevalence was 47·4%. BP seroprevalence was significantly higher in males (53·4%,P = 0·0007) and highest in children (59·3%) decreasing with advancing age (P = 0·0008). BP seroprevalence was not significantly different between regions (P = 0·1918) and between subjects of socioeconomic status (P = 0·0808). Women, adolescents and young adults were identified as potential sources of infection to infants. Booster vaccination for adolescents and primary contacts (including mothers) for newborns and infants may provide an important public health intervention to reduce the disease burden.

scholarly journals Serological response to rabies virus induced by commercial vaccines in cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Martins ◽  
João Motta de Quadros ◽  
Eduardo Furtado Flores ◽  
Rudi Weiblen
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Anamnestic Response ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT: The antibody response to rabies virus (RABV) induced by commercial vaccines in heifers was investigated. For this, 84 heifers were vaccinated twice (30 days interval) with each of four vaccines (G1 = 14 animals; G2 = 24; G3 = 22 and G4 = 24) and received a booster vaccination 360 days later. Serum samples collected at different intervals after vaccination and 30 days after booster were submitted to a virus neutralizing (VN) assay for RABV antibodies. Thirty days after the second vaccine dose, 92% of the immunized animals presented VN titers ≥0.5UI/mL (geometric medium titers [GMT] 1.7 to 3.8UI/mL). At the day of the booster (360 days post-vaccination); however, the percentage of animals harboring antibody titers ≥0.5UI/mL had dropped to 31% (0-80% of the animals, depending on the vaccine), resulting in lower GMT (0.1 to 0.6UI/mL). Booster vaccination at day 360 resulted in a detectable anamnestic response in all groups, resulting in 83% of animals (65 to 100%) harboring VN titers ≥0.5UI/mL thirty days later (GMT 0.6 to 4.3UI/mL). These results indicated that these vaccines were able to induce an adequate anti-RABV response in all animals after prime vaccination (and after booster as well). However, the titers decreased, reaching titers <0.5UI/mL in approximately 70% of animals within the interval before the recommended booster. Thus, booster vaccination for rabies in cattle using the current vaccines should be performed before the recommended one-year interval, as to maintain neutralizing antibodies levels in most vaccinated animals.

scholarly journals Febrile illness and bicytopenia within hours after tick-borne encephalitis booster vaccination

npj Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Bühler ◽  
Noemi Boos ◽  
Anne B. Leuppi-Taegtmeyer ◽  
Christoph T. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Reaction ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Booster Vaccine ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Reporting Systems ◽  
Close Temporal Relationship

AbstractWe report the case of a 20-year-old male complaining of sudden-onset, severe headaches, fever, chills, and generalized arthralgia. He had no symptoms of a respiratory tract infection. Blood examination revealed severe leukopenia and mild to moderate thrombocytopenia. Onset of symptoms was rapid, intense, and occurred only a few hours after routine tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) booster vaccine. The question of a relationship between booster vaccine administration and the febrile illness with bicytopenia was raised. A broad range of diagnostics excluded infections and other causes for bicytopenia. Symptoms resolved within a few days, and blood counts normalized within two weeks. Due to the close temporal relationship, a transient benign bicytopenia and febrile illness as a systemic reaction to TBE vaccination was assumed. Review of the literature and adverse event reporting systems suggest that this is a very rare reaction.

scholarly journals 2699. Pneumococcal Vaccination During Chemotherapy in Children Treated for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S949-S949
Author(s):  
Sarah Dorval ◽  
Léna Coïc ◽  
Denis Blais ◽  
Jean-Marie Leclerc ◽  
Caroline Laverdière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Children undergoing therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are at high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Immunization with conjugated vaccines following chemotherapy is recommended for pediatric patients. In an attempt to provide an earlier protection against invasive pneumococcal infection, we aimed to assess immunity to S. pneumoniae among children vaccinated during chemotherapy for ALL. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the rate of seroprotection among ALL children treated in our institution in accordance with the DFCI ALL Consortium protocol between 2007 and 2014. A pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) booster was given to all subjects after the end of chemotherapy (groups 1 and 2). In group 2, a PCV dose was also administered during the maintenance phase. Clinical characteristics as well as individual immunization records were collected from our local immunization database. All children were up to date with their vaccination schedule at diagnosis. Serum samples were obtained on a routine follow-up visit, after the end of chemotherapy and after the PCV vaccine booster to measure serotype-specific IgG pneumococcal antibodies. Antibody level ≥0.35µg/mL was considered protective. Patients with seroprotective antibodies level for ≥ 50% of serotypes contained in vaccines were defined as seroprotected. Results 62 children [34 girls (54.8%)] were included in the analysis. Median age at diagnosis was 45 months (range:12–160). At the end of chemotherapy, 34.2% of children in group 1 (13/38) and 79.2% in group 2 (19/24) were seroprotected (P < 0.01). Median interval of time between the end of chemotherapy and the PCV booster vaccination was 6 months (range: 2–64 months). After PCV-13 booster, the rate of seroprotection raised to 100% (38/38) in group 1 and 91.7% in group 2 (22/24). Conclusion Rates of pneumococcal seroprotected children treated for ALL are low at the end of chemotherapy. However, PCV booster during chemotherapy could be useful to increase the level of seroprotection and shorten the period of susceptibility to IPD. After chemotherapy for ALL, children benefit from a PCV booster to enhance seroprotection. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals The immunogenicity and safety of different COVID-19 booster vaccination following CoronaVac or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 primary series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasikarn Angkasekwinai ◽  
Suvimol Niyomnaitham ◽  
Jaturon Sewatanon ◽  
Supaporn Phumiamorn ◽  
Kasama Sukapirom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Booster Dose ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Booster Vaccine ◽  
Primary Series ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Interferon Gamma Response

The appropriate COVID-19 booster vaccine following inactivated or adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccination is unclear. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of different booster vaccines, inactivated (BBIBP-CorV), chimpanzee adenoviral vector (ChAdOx1), or mRNA (BNT162b2 at full (30 μg), or half (15 μg) dose) in healthy adults who received 2-dose primary series of either inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) or ChAdOx1 8-12 weeks earlier. Overall, the adverse events for all booster vaccines were mild and moderate. Two weeks post-booster dose, the neutralising antibody titres against Delta variant in CoronaVac-prime and ChAdOx1-prime were highest with for 30μg-BNT162b2 (411 vs 470) and 15μg-BNT162b2 (499 vs 358); followed by ChAdOx1 (271 vs 69), and BBIBP-CorV (61.3 vs 49). BNT162b2 also induced higher interferon gamma response. Heterologous COVID-19 boosting vaccination with BNT162b2 is the most immunogenic following CoronaVac or ChAdOx1 primary series. A lower dose BNT162b2 may be used as booster in settings with limited vaccine supply.

scholarly journals Pertussis diagnosis in Belgium: results of the National Reference Centre for Bordetella anno 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (11) ◽  
pp. 2366-2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. MARTINI ◽  
C. RODEGHIERO ◽  
C. VAN DEN POEL ◽  
M. VINCENT ◽  
D. PIERARD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Infection ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Pertussis Infection ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Reference Centre

SUMMARYIn 2015, the Belgian National Reference Centre for Bordetella analyzed 4110 respiratory samples by qPCR and 4877 serum samples by serology. Whereas about 50% of respiratory samples were from infants and children below the age of five, serum samples were distributed among all age categories. A total of 394 (9·6%) cases was diagnosed as positive for Bordetella pertussis by qPCR and 844 (17·3%) cases were diagnosed as acute infection by serology (anti-pertussis toxin (PT) IgG > 125 IU/ml). Another 1042 (21·4%) sera had anti-PT IgG between 55 and 125 IU/ml reflecting a vaccination or pertussis infection during the last 1–2 years. Seventy per cent of the pertussis cases diagnosed by qPRC were in infants and children younger than 14 years old, whereas the highest number of sera with anti-PT levels >125 IU/ml was in the age group of 10–14 years old. Based on the limited data of the last vaccination (reported for only 15% of the samples), recent booster vaccination in the teenager group may have contributed only minimally to these elevated anti-PT levels. The highest number of sera with anti-PT titers between 55 and 125 IU/ml was found in the age category 50–59 years old. It is clear that pertussis continues to be a problem in Belgium and that other vaccination strategies (maternal vaccination, cocoon vaccination) and ultimately better vaccines will be needed to control this highly infectious respiratory disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the CervidTB STAT-PAK for the Detection of Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Wild Deer in Great Britain

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1449-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gowtage-Sequeira ◽  
A. Paterson ◽  
K. P. Lyashchenko ◽  
S. Lesellier ◽  
M. A. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Deer Species ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Wild Deer ◽  
Culture Positive

ABSTRACT Deer are acknowledged as hosts of Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), and determining the prevalence of infection in deer species is one of the key steps in understanding the epidemiological role played by cervids in the transmission and maintenance of bTB in the United Kingdom. This study evaluated a rapid lateral-flow test for the detection of bTB in samples from wild deer species in the United Kingdom. Fallow deer (Dama dama), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), and red deer (Cervus elaphus) from areas in Wales, the Cotswolds, and southwestern England were necropsied for a bTB survey. Serum samples from individual deer were tested with the CervidTB STAT-PAK, and the results were evaluated against the culture of M. bovis from tissues (n = 432). Sensitivity and specificity were 85.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.1 to 99.6%) and 94.8% (95% CI, 92.3 to 96.7%), respectively, with an odds ratio of 109.9 (95% CI, 12.7 to 953.6%) for a positive STAT-PAK result among culture-positive deer. The low prevalence of infection (3.8%, n = 860) affected the confidence of the sensitivity estimate of the test, but all culture-positive fallow deer (n = 6) were detected by the test. In addition, antibodies to M. bovis could be detected in poor-quality serum samples. The results suggest that the CervidTB STAT-PAK could be deployed as a field test for further evaluation.

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