Variability and interconnection of economically useful indicators of soybeans under the influence of herbicides

Under the conditions of the Right Bank of the Saratov Region, the effect of four herbicides, two new tank mixtures and two new compositions of herbicides on the value and variability of the following indicators of soybeans: “grain yield”, “number of beans from a plant”, “the number of grains per plant", "the mass of 1000 grains", "the protein content in the grain” was studied in three field experiments using two-way variance and correlation analysis. The relationships between grain yield and elements of its structure, grain yield and protein content in grain are studied. All studied variants after application of herbicides significantly exceeded the control variant in grain yield. Options with the use of a new tank mixture of frontier optima + gezagard herbicides, frontier optima + galaxy top herbicidal compositions, hezagard + galaxy top herbicide compositions significantly exceeded the grain yield after application of herbicides. This led to a decrease in the variability of the studied indicators and changed the nature of the correlation dependence of grain productivity with other economically useful indicators of soybeans. The specific effect of the application of individual herbicides, their tank mixtures and compositions on the variability and interconnection of economically useful indicators of soybeans has been established.

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The effect of new tank mixtures and herbicide compositions on economically useful indicators of soy

The Agrarian Scientific Journal ◽

10.28983/asj.y2020i2pp16-23 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 16-23

Author(s):

Yuriy Viktorovich Lobachev ◽

Valeriy Tikonovich Krasilnikov

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Saratov Region ◽

The Galaxy ◽

The Right ◽

Plant Plant

The method of two-way analysis of variance in three field experiments in the conditions of the Right Bank of the Saratov Region studied the effect of four herbicides, two new tank mixtures and two new herbicide compositions on grain yield, number of plants per square meter, number of beans per plant, number of grains per plant, plant mass, the mass of beans from the plant, the mass of grain from the plant, the mass of 1000 grains, the protein content in the grain, the height of the plant, the height of attachment of the lower bean. The effectiveness of the herbicides was as follows: frontier optima - 72.5%, pulsar - 26.5%, gezagard - 71.2%, galaxy top - 11.7%, tank mixture frontier optima + gezagard - 86.4%, tank mixture pulsar + galaxy top - 23.0%, composition frontier optima + galaxy top - 73.8%, and composition gezagard + galaxy top - 85.1%. It was established a significant advantage in grain yield of only one new tank mixture of herbicides frontier optima + gezagard and two new compositions of herbicides frontier optima + galaxy top and gezagard + galaxy top. In the case of application of a tank mixture of herbicides, the frontier optima + hezagard yields of soybean grain significantly increased compared with the control by 377.0%, compared with herbicides the frontier optima and hezagard - by 154.0%. After the application of the herbicidal composition, the frontier optima + galaxi top soybean grain yield significantly increased compared with the control by 293.3%, compared with the herbicide frontier optima - by 120.1%, compared with the herbicide galaxy top - by 139.3%. After application of the hezagard + galaxy top herbicide composition, the soybean grain yield significantly increased compared with the control by 294.3%, compared with the hezagard herbicide - by 121.7%, compared with the galaxy top herbicide - by 141.1%.

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Efficiency of application of mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparations on winter barley in the conditions of the Lower Don

АгроЭкоИнфо ◽

10.51419/20216628 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (48) ◽

pp. 28-28

Author(s):

Alexander Tsykora ◽

◽

Vera Kamenevа

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Protein Content ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Black Soil ◽

Winter Barley ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Natural Soil ◽

Control Variant ◽

Bacterial Preparations ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

Field experiments on ordinary black soil were conducted in 2018-2021 in the Rostov region. The object of research was a variety of winter barley Master. The predecessor is corn for grain. Bacte-rial preparations developed at the All-Russian Institute of Agricultural Microbiology (VNIISHM) in St. Petersburg contain strains of associative microorganisms-nitrogen fixators: Mizorin, Ri-zoagrin, Extrasol. They were applied to barley seeds in the pre-sowing period. It was found that the use of Mizorin (600 g /ha) for seed treatment before sowing against the background of a near-sowing application of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer in the form of a mixture of ammophos and ammonium nitrate at a dose of N30P30, nitrogen fertilization by a scattered surface method with ammonium nitrate at a dose of 30 kg/ ha of the active substance increased the increase in grain yield on average for 3 years compared with the control variant by 0.71 t/ ha or by 14.4%. The use of the biological preparation Mizorin without mineral fertilizers against the background of natural soil fertility increased the yield compared to the control variant by 0.31 t /ha or by 6.3%. On av-erage, in 2019-2021, the protein content in winter barley grain in the control variant was 10.7%, which provided a protein harvest equal to 528 kg/ha. Against the background of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers at a dose of N30P30 and nitrogen fertilizing at a dose of 30 kg / ha, the max-imum increase in protein content was obtained in the variant with the use of Mizorin, which compared to the control variant was 1.1%, while the protein harvest increased by 138 kg/ha or 26.1%. Keywords: WINTER BARLEY, ORDINARY BLACK SOIL, BACTERIAL PREPARATIONS, MINERAL FERTILIZERS

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Biometric Analyses of Yield, Oil and Protein Contents of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Different Environments

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9060270 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 270 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ankica Kondić-Špika ◽

Novica Mladenov ◽

Nada Grahovac ◽

Miroslav Zorić ◽

Sanja Mikić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Oil Content ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Partial Least Square Regression

The objectives of this study were to investigate: (1) the effects of genotype, environment, and their interactions on the oil content (OC), protein content (PC) and grain yield (GY) of 25 varieties of winter wheat, (2) the correlations among these traits in different environments, and (3) the effects of different climatic variables and their interactions with wheat genotypes for the examined traits. The field experiments were performed on three experimental sites in Serbia in 2009/10 and 2010/11. The most variable traits were GY and PC, while the variations of OC were lower. A significant positive correlation between wheat bran OC and GY was found in one, while highly significant negative correlations between PC and GY were found in three out of six environments. The partial least square regression (PLSR) triplots for protein content, oil content and grain yield enabled us to identify favorable and limiting climatic conditions for each trait and explained 31.9%, 32.6%, and 30.4% of the total variance, respectively. Cvs. Renesansa and Zvezdana were identified as genotypes with high average values for all traits, while cvs. Bankuty 1205 and Banatka were identified as potential sources of high protein content.

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Impact of mineral and complex fertilizers on grain yield of winter rye in Northwest Russia

Кормопроизводство ◽

10.25685/krm.2020.9.2020.004 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

М.В. Дятлова ◽

Е.С. Волкова ◽

Т.В. Шайкова

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Mineral Nutrition ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Protein Yield ◽

Winter Rye ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Grain Productivity

В исследованиях были изучены способы внесения комплексных удобрений: предпосевная обработка семян комплексным удобрением «Микромак» и двухкратное некорневое внесение препаратов «Кодима Р», «Кодафол», «Микроэл», «Страда N» на двух фонах минеральных удобрений. Внесение минеральных удобрений в дозах N40P50K70 в качестве основного удобрения способствовало повышению зерновой продуктивности на 0,29–0,66 т/га, или на 7,0–16,0% к контролю. Все изучаемые препараты — «Кодима Р», «Кодафол», «Микроэл», «Страда N» — при некорневом внесении, а также комплексное удобрение «Микромак» при обработке семян перед посевом оказывали положительное влияние на урожайность зерна озимой ржи. В вариантах с допосевной обработкой семян препаратом «Микромак» и двухкратным весенним внесением комплексного удобрения «Страда N» на фоне минеральных удобрений N40P50K70 зерновая продуктивность озимой ржи увеличилась на 0,46 т/га, а на фоне N40P50K70 + N20 + некорневая подкормка препаратом «Микроэл» — на 0,33 т/га за счёт формирования большего числа продуктивных стеблей и массы 1000 зёрен. Предпосевная обработка семян препаратом «Микромак» повысила урожайность озимой ржи в контрольном варианте на 0,31 т/га. Отмечено положительное действие данного препарата на элементы структуры урожая: увеличилось число продуктивных стеблей с 2,9 до 3,6 шт., масса 1000 зёрен выросла с 29,0 до 30,4 г. Содержание сырого протеина в зерне ржи в вариантах без обработки семян было на уровне 6,4–9,8%, а с обработкой препаратом «Микромак» — от 9,4 до 12,1%. Выход сырого протеина с урожаем зерна в данных вариантах был более высоким и составил 450–600 кг/га, что на 130–160 кг/га больше, чем в вариантах без обработки. Применение комплексных универсальных удобрений «Микроэл» и «Страда N» на фоне N40P50K70 обеспечивало дополнительный сбор сырого протеина на уровне 110 кг/га. The research tested the application of complex fertilizers such as seed treatment with “Mikromak” and double topdressing by “Kodima R”, “Kodafol”, “Mikroel”, and “Strada N” on two backgrounds of mineral nutrition. Application of N40P50K70 increased grain productivity by 0.29–0.66 t ha-1 or 7.0–16.0%. All the preparations positively affected grain yield of winter rye. “Mikromak” and “Strada N” improved grain productivity by 0.46 t ha-1 on the background of N40P50K70 while “Mikromak” and “Mikroel” — by 0.33 t ha-1 on the background of N40P50K70 + N20 due to high number of reproductive stems and 1000 kernel weight. Seed treatment by “Mikromak” improved productivity of control plants by 0.31 t ha-1. “Mikromak” positively affected the number of productive stems from 2.9 to 3.6 pcs, 1000 kernel weight increased from 29.0 to 30.4 g. Crude protein content reached 6.4–9.8% in untreated seeds and 9.4–12.1% — when using “Mikromak”. Crude protein yield amounted to 450–600 kg ha-1 under “Mikromak” application exceeding the untreated variants by 130–160 kg ha-1. Application of “Mikroel” and “Strada N” provided the increase in crude protein of 90–110 kg ha-1 on the background of N40P50K70.

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Yield and quality of wheat grain with mild winter wheat depending on the variety and seeding rate in different soil and climatic conditions

Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection "Agriculture" ◽

10.31073/zem.91.44-50 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (91) ◽

pp. 44-50

Author(s):

I.V. Petunenko ◽

S.M. Kalenska ◽

P. Liebhard

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Protein Content ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Nitrogen Nutrition ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Research Station ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Control Variant

In Ukraine and Austria in 2012 − 2014 was researched the features of yield formation and grain quality of six varieties winter wheat of Ukrainian and Austrian selection with different seeding and fertilizing rates. Field research conducted in three field experiments: 1) Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (PC NULES “Agronomic Research Station,” v. Pshenychne Vasylkiv district, Kyiv region); 2) zone of sufficient moisture in Austria (Wald und Myulfirtel, p. Kauttsen, North of Lower Austria); zone of unstable moisture of Austria (Nordostlyhes Flah und Hyuhelland, v. Leopoldsdorf, East of Lower Austria). Field multifactor experiments was laid on the same pattern in each of the farms in 2012 – 2014: variety (factor A); rate of nitrogen nutrition (factor B), seeding rate (C factor). Were chosen six varieties, genetically different by baking quality and origin: strong varieties – Lybid, Joseph, Midas, Capo; valuable – Balaton, Polis’ka90. Nitrogen was applicated by next four graduation(with introduction during vegetation under phases: autumn tillering – ВВСН 10-21 / spring tillering – ВВСН 25-29 / booting – ВВСН 30-31 Earing – ВВСН 51- 59): D1 – control without nitrogen; D2 – 120 kg / ha a.i .(0/60/60/0); D3 – 180 (0/60/60/60); D4 – 150 kg / ha a.i. (30/60/60/0). The article presents experimental data from two options of nitrogen supply – con trol without nitrogen (D1) and the maximum standards for nitrogen fertilization in three applying – 180 (0/60/60/60) kg / ha a.i. (D3). Seeding rate: 3,0; 4.0 and 5.0 million germinated seeds per hectare. Phosphorus and potassium – 90 kg a. i., applied as background during primary tillage. Preceded of winter wheat – winter rape. In average during years of research the highest yield made – 9.07 tonnes / ha in conditions of East Austria (p. Leopoldsdorf), North Austria (p. Kauttsen) – 9,42 and Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (v. Psenychne) – 8.65 t / ha with application of nitrogen (D3). In control variant was observed significant fluctuations in yield – from 3.51 (v. Psenychne) to 5.21 t / ha (v. Leopoldsdorf). There is significant dependence between wheat yields with weather conditions of the year. Find out the optimum seeding grades for conditions of Ukraine and Austria. Estimation of the ecological plas ticity and stability of winter wheat varieties were studied. Determinants of wheat quality formation were acertained. The highest mass fraction of protein was achieved by growing strong varieties and introduction of 180 kg / ha N (D3) in all experiments, in average of the study years, in section of soil and climatic conditions (untypical droughty 2012 for v. Leopoldsdorf was excluded). The highest protein content in conditions of Right-Bank Forrest-Steppe of Ukraine obtained at level 15.8%; East Austria – 15.4% and North Austria – 15.0%. Control variant, without nitrogen, allowed to evaluate the potential of soil and variety in the studied environmental conditions – the aver age protein content in grain in conditions of Austria reached 12.2% (v. Leopoldsdorf) and 12.4% (v. Kauttsen), of Ukraine – 11.6% (v. Psenychne).

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The brewing properties formation of barley grain depending on nutrition regime and phytoregulators application when growth on sod-podzolic soil

Butlerov Communications ◽

10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-59-8-124 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (8) ◽

pp. 124-131

Author(s):

Nurguyana E. Solovyeva ◽

◽

Nikalay N. Novikov ◽

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Germination Ability ◽

Grain Productivity ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Barley Grains ◽

Grain Unit

In the field experiments with brewing barley, carried out on sod-podzolic medium-loamy soil, it has been found out, that the raising doses of nitrogen application increased grain productivity of barley plants (by 18-33%), grains protein content, α-amylases, сatalases and peroxidases activity, but decreased grain unit and β-amylases activity. In water deficit weather conditions (Hydrothermal coefficient of moisture on the G.T Selyaninov = 1-1.3) the raising doses of phosphorus and potassium (Р120, К120) increased the grain productivity of barley plants (by10-28%), the mass of 1000 grains, their germination ability and α-amylases activity, but decreased β-amylases, сatalases, peroxidases activity and grains protein content making it not more then normative level (12%). In 7-days germinated grains of barley harvested in the variants with raising doses of nitrogen it has been revealed increasing of α-amylases, proteases, catalases, peroxidases activity, but decreasing of β-amylases activity. In the variants with higher doses of phosphorus and potassium barley grains were formed, which observed on the 7th day of sprouting increased α-amylases and peroxidases activity and reduced activity of β-amylases. It has been revealed, that phytoregulators novosil and epin application enhanced grain productivity of barley plants (by 6-14%) and α-amylases activity in grains, but decreased β-amylases activity. In water deficit weather conditions novosil phytoregulator reduced grains protein content to normative level. In the variants with epin phytoregulators application barley grains were formed in which germination increased amylase and peroxidase activity, improving their ability to malting.

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Crop and microbial responses to the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) in Mediterranean wheat-cropping systems

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr16327 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

pp. 553 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elliott G. Duncan ◽

Cathryn A. O’Sullivan ◽

Margaret M. Roper ◽

Mark B. Peoples ◽

Karen Treble ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Field Experiments ◽

N Uptake ◽

Nitrification Inhibitor ◽

Nitrification Inhibitors ◽

Soil Mineral ◽

Soil Mineral Nitrogen ◽

Mineral N ◽

N Accumulation

Nitrification inhibitors (NIs) such as 3,4,-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP), are used to suppress the abundance of ammonia-oxidising micro-organisms responsible for nitrification. In agriculture, NIs are used to retain soil mineral nitrogen (N) as ammonium to minimise the risk of losses of N from agricultural soils. It is currently unclear whether DMPP-induced nitrification inhibition can prevent losses of N from the light soils prevalent across the main rain-fed cropping regions of Western Australia, or whether it can improve the productivity or N uptake by broadacre crops such as wheat. Herein, we report on a series of glasshouse and field studies that examined the effect of applications of DMPP in conjunction with urea (as ENTEC urea; Incitec Pivot, Melbourne, Vic., Australia) on: (1) soil nitrification rates; (2) the abundance of ammonia-oxidising bacteria and archaea (AOB and AOA respectively); and (3) wheat performance (grain yield, protein content and N accumulation). A glasshouse study demonstrated that DMPP inhibited nitrification (for up to ~40 days after application) and reduced the abundance of AOB (by 50%), but had no effect on AOA abundance, wheat grain yield or protein content at any fertiliser N rate. Across six field experiments, DMPP also limited nitrification rates and reduced AOB abundance for approximately the first 40 days after application. However, by the end of the growing season, DMPP use had not increased soil mineral N resources or impaired AOB abundance compared with urea-only applications. In addition, DMPP had no effect on AOA abundance in any trial and did not improve crop performance in most trials.

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productivity of wheat and alfalfa under intercropping

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700019360 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 391-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

H. M. Abdel Magid ◽

M. F. Ghoneim ◽

R. K. Rabie ◽

R. E. Sabrah

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Grain Protein Content ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Protein Percentage ◽

Herbage Yield ◽

Additional Nitrogen

SUMMARYField experiments were carried out under irrigation in Central Saudi Arabia during the winters of 1987–88 and 1988–89 to examine the productivity and quality (grain protein content) of wheat intercropped with inoculated and uninoculated alfalfa with or without additional nitrogen. Nitrogen increased wheat grain yield and protein percentage but inoculation of the alfalfa had no additional effect. Herbage yield of intercropped alfa4fa was unaffected by nitrogen application. Added nitrogen reduced the protein percentage in alfalfa but increased its protein yield. Intercropping had benefits for alfalfa, increasing its protein content and yield.Siembra simultánea de trigoy alfalfa

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Comparing Sensor-Based Adjustment of Weed Harrowing Intensity with Conventional Harrowing under Heterogeneous Field Conditions

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11081605 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1605

Author(s):

Michael Spaeth ◽

Matthias Schumacher ◽

Roland Gerhards

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Crop Damage ◽

Block Designs ◽

Control Efficacy ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Hydraulic Steering ◽

Crop Density ◽

The Right

Setting the right intensity is crucial for the success of post-emergence weed harrowing in cereals. The percentage of crop soil cover (CSC) correlates with the selectivity of weed harrowing. Therefore, real-time camera-based measurements of CSC offer a novel approach to automatically adjust the intensity of harrowing. The intensity of harrowing is varied by hydraulic steering of the tine angle. Five field experiments in cereals were conducted at three locations in southwestern Germany in 2019 and 2020 to measure the effect of camera-based harrowing (2020) and conventional harrowing on weed control efficacy (WCE), crop density, and grain yield. For this purpose, pair-wise comparisons of three fixed harrowing intensities (10°, 40°, and 70° tine angle) and three predefined CSC thresholds (CSC of 10%, 20%, and 60%) were realized in randomized complete block designs. Camera-based intensity adjustment resulted in more homogeneous CSC across the whole plot (6–16% less standard deviation variation) compared to conventional fixed settings of the tine angle. Crop density, WCE, crop biomass, and grain yield were significantly higher for camera-based harrowing than for conventional harrowing. WCE and yields of all automatic adjusted harrowing treatments were equal to the herbicide control plots. Camera-based harrowing provides a robust technology for effective weed management with a lower risk of crop damage than conventional harrowing.

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Triticale and barley for grain and for dual-purpose (forage+grain) in a Mediterranean-type environment. II. Yield, yield components, and quality

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/a96115 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 423 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

C. Royo ◽

F. Tribó

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Grain Protein Content ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Grain Protein ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Winter Triticale ◽

Spring Triticale

Four field experiments were conducted over 2 years and at 2 sites under irrigation and with high soil fertility in north-eastern Spain. Two 6-rowed barley varieties, 3 spring triticales, and 2 winter triticales were evaluated for grain yield and for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. Forage was cut at the first node detectable stage and grain was harvested at ripening in both cut and uncut plots. Forage and grain yields did not differ significantly between species. Forage yield was positively and strongly related to the time between sowing and cutting. Forage quality and grain protein content were similar in barley, spring triticale, and winter triticale. Forage crude protein averaged 25·3%, digestible crude protein 19·4%, and acid detergent fibre 21·9%. Grain protein content averaged 15·4%. The reduction in grain yield caused by clipping ranged from 7 to 70% in barley, 10 to 21% in spring triticale, and 8 to 24% in winter triticale. Grain yield after cutting decreased drastically when the thermal time between cutting and physiological maturity was lower than 1000 growing degree-days (GDD), being independent of this duration for values >1100 GDD. Reductions in grain yield after forage removal were caused mainly by reductions in grain weight. A strong relationship appeared between grain yield in the uncut treatment and grain yield after forage removal, suggesting that breeding for dual purpose could take advantage of the efforts made to increase grain yield potential.

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