scholarly journals The brewing properties formation of barley grain depending on nutrition regime and phytoregulators application when growth on sod-podzolic soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Nurguyana E. Solovyeva ◽  
◽  
Nikalay N. Novikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Barley Grains ◽  
Grain Unit

In the field experiments with brewing barley, carried out on sod-podzolic medium-loamy soil, it has been found out, that the raising doses of nitrogen application increased grain productivity of barley plants (by 18-33%), grains protein content, α-amylases, сatalases and peroxidases activity, but decreased grain unit and β-amylases activity. In water deficit weather conditions (Hydrothermal coefficient of moisture on the G.T Selyaninov = 1-1.3) the raising doses of phosphorus and potassium (Р120, К120) increased the grain productivity of barley plants (by10-28%), the mass of 1000 grains, their germination ability and α-amylases activity, but decreased β-amylases, сatalases, peroxidases activity and grains protein content making it not more then normative level (12%). In 7-days germinated grains of barley harvested in the variants with raising doses of nitrogen it has been revealed increasing of α-amylases, proteases, catalases, peroxidases activity, but decreasing of β-amylases activity. In the variants with higher doses of phosphorus and potassium barley grains were formed, which observed on the 7th day of sprouting increased α-amylases and peroxidases activity and reduced activity of β-amylases. It has been revealed, that phytoregulators novosil and epin application enhanced grain productivity of barley plants (by 6-14%) and α-amylases activity in grains, but decreased β-amylases activity. In water deficit weather conditions novosil phytoregulator reduced grains protein content to normative level. In the variants with epin phytoregulators application barley grains were formed in which germination increased amylase and peroxidase activity, improving their ability to malting.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF BARLEY VARIETIES, CULTIVATED IN TATARSTAN, ON CROP PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Ирина Ганиева ◽  
Irina Ganieva ◽  
Василий Блохин ◽  
Vasiliy Blokhin ◽  
Денис Дюрбин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Average Productivity ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Maximum Content

The estimation of Raushan variety of barley and the new Kamazhevsky variety, which was regionalized in Tatarstan in 2017, is given. The experiment revealed the influence of weather conditions and varieties during the years of research (2015-2017), on the formation of grain productivity, the content of total nitrogen in the aboveground mass of plants, the accumulation of protein in grain and gross harvest of protein per hectare. It is noted that the productivity for different years are different, the highest yields of grain of Raushan and Kamashevsky varieties were obtained in 2017 - 4.62 and 5.21 tons per hectare, respectively, when the hydrothermal coefficient was 1.3 units. In comparison with 2015 the productivity of Raushan variety was higher to 1.89 tons per hectare and to 1.69 tons per hectare in 2016. The same pattern was also found in Kamashevsky variety, 1.64 and 1.52 tons per hectare, respectively. The average productivity of Raushan variety for 3 years was 3.43 tons per hectare, less to 0.73 tons per hectare than Kamashevsky. The highest nitrogen content (close to the optimum 4.7-5.1%) in the aboveground mass was found in 2016 in plants of Raushan variety of 4.3%, Kamashevsky variety 4.0%, whereas in 2017 - 2.89% and 3.32%, respectively. The nitrogen content in dry years is higher in the aboveground mass of the Raushan variety, beginning with the tillering phase - 4.3%, Kamashevsky variety - 4.0%. It was revealed that the maximum content of protein in grain grade Kamashevsky accumulate in arid 2015-2016 years - 13.84%, more by 0.95% than the Raushan variety. In 2017 the protein content in the grain was formed at the same level Raushan 11.77%, Kamashevsky 11.07%. Evaluation of varieties on the gross harvest of protein per hectare, shows that the Kamashevsky variety forms on average 5.37 tons per hectare of protein over 3 years, more than Raushan grade by 1.08 tons per hectare.

scholarly journals Variability and interconnection of economically useful indicators of soybeans under the influence of herbicides

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Yuriy Viktorovich Lobachev ◽  
Valeriy Tikonovich Krasilnikov
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Correlation Dependence ◽  
Saratov Region ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
The Right

Under the conditions of the Right Bank of the Saratov Region, the effect of four herbicides, two new tank mixtures and two new compositions of herbicides on the value and variability of the following indicators of soybeans: “grain yield”, “number of beans from a plant”, “the number of grains per plant", "the mass of 1000 grains", "the protein content in the grain” was studied in three field experiments using two-way   variance and correlation analysis. The relationships between grain yield and elements of its structure, grain yield and protein content in grain are studied. All studied variants after application of herbicides significantly exceeded the control variant in grain yield. Options with the use of a new tank mixture of frontier optima + gezagard herbicides, frontier optima + galaxy top herbicidal compositions, hezagard + galaxy top herbicide compositions significantly exceeded the grain yield after application of  herbicides. This led to a decrease in the variability of the studied indicators and changed the nature of the correlation dependence of grain productivity with other economically useful indicators of soybeans. The specific effect of the application of individual herbicides, their tank mixtures and compositions on the variability and interconnection of economically useful indicators of soybeans has been established.

scholarly journals Influence of abiotic factors on spring oat yields in the Northern region of Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
Irina Valentinovna Zobnina ◽  
Valentina Aleksandrovna Korelina ◽  
Olga Borisovna Batakova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Mean

Field experiments were carried out on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil, typical for the Northern region of the Russian Federation, in 2012-2019. The dependence of spring oat yields on abiotic conditions was studied. During the research years, the weather conditions varied significantly, which affected the productivity of spring oat. The yield of spring oat grain was found to have a very weak correlation with the effective temperature sum, weak correlation - with the total precipitation, and negative correlation - with the mean air temperature, which indicates the possibility of seed production of this crop in the Northern region of the Russian Federation. According to the data obtained, grain yields varied significantly from year to year. The reasons for the decline in grain productivity in individual years were different and complex. The most plastic cultivars with high productivity were identified.

scholarly journals The yield and grain quality of barley varieties in the northern forest steppe of the Tyumen region

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raisa Ivanovna Belkina ◽  
Anatoly Yurievich Pershakov ◽  
Vera Mikhailovna Gubanova
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Cultivation Technology

Barley is cultivated mainly for feed purposes in the Tyumen region. At the same time, there is a need to obtain brewing barley grain. This research is aimed at establishing the influence of elements of cultivation technology on the productivity of barley varieties and identifying the compliance of grain quality indicators with the established requirements. The studies were performed in three field experiments on the experimental field of the of the Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region in 2014 - 2016. In terms of the complex indicator – the collection of protein from a unit area – the Lamador Pro + Rostok variant stood out: for the Acha variety, this indicator was 612 kg/ha, for the Abalak variety - 646 kg/ha. The best indicators were obtained in the variant with the use of Hydromix complex for treating the seeds: for the Acha variety, the yield was 4.55 t/ha, for the Abalak variety - 4.62 t/ha, the protein content in the grain was 13.1 and 13.3%, respectively. In terms of yield, Omsky 85, Payjazz and Beatrice varieties surpassed the standard. The obtained research results are recommended for implementation at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of the Tyumen region.

scholarly journals The influence of herbicides and their mixtures on total proteins content and on proper proteins in potato tubers

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 517-522
Author(s):  
K. Zarzecka ◽  
M. Gugała
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Chemical Agents

Field experiments were carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Nuisance Station of University of Podlasie in Siedlce in the years 1999–2001. The influence of herbicides and their mixtures on total proteins content and on proper proteins in eatable potato tubers were analysed. The weeding chemical agents (pesticides) used in the potato treatment increased the total protein content by 0.09–0.18% and proper proteins content by 0.15–0.34% in the tubers in contrast with the ones of the control object. The statistical analysis also revealed the importance of the cultivar and weather conditions during the experimental years.

scholarly journals Canopy assimilation surface and yield of winter wheat varieties under atypical weather conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
V. V. Morgun ◽  
G. O. Pryadkina ◽  
O. O. Stasik ◽  
O. V. Zborivska
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Aim. Comparative analysis of the traits of the assimilation surface of winter wheat varieties under unfavorable environmental conditions to evaluate its adaptive capacity. Methods. Morphometric, spectrophotometric, statistical. Results. In the field experiments under natural conditions (close to optimal in spring, arid - during the grain filling period and prolonged rainfall during a harvest), the variability of leaves chlorophyll content, the green leaves fresh matter per 1 m2 of ground and chlorophyll index in 10 modern middle-early varieties at anthesis and milky-wax ripeness were studied. Under such conditions, the difference in grain productivity between the highest and the lowest yielding varieties was about 1.6 t/ha. Positive correlation of grain productivity of winter wheat varieties with chlorophyll area index of leaves at milky-wax ripeness (r = 0.61) was established. Conclusions. It was found that the varieties with better adaptation to drought conditions during the period of grain filling had a higher area of assimilation surface at anthesis and milky-wax ripeness. Therefore, their higher yield was related to the higher photosynthetic capacity and the ability to storage and remobilization of carbohydrates deposited in the stem as well as to the efficiency of converting total biomass into grain yield (HI). Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., grain productivity, chlorophyll area index of leaves.

Optimizing genotype-environment-management interactions to ensure silage maize production in the Chinese Maize Belt

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
L Zhang ◽  
Z Zhang ◽  
J Cao ◽  
Y Luo ◽  
Z Li
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Early Date ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Silage Maize

Grain maize production exceeds the demand for grain maize in China. Methods for harvesting good-quality silage maize urgently need a theoretical basis and reference data in order to ensure its benefits to farmers. However, research on silage maize is limited, and very few studies have focused on its energetic value and quality. Here, we calibrated the CERES-Maize model for 24 cultivars with 93 field experiments and then performed a long-term (1980-2017) simulation to optimize genotype-environment-management (G-E-M) interactions in the 4 main agroecological zones across China. We found that CERES-Maize could reproduce the growth and development of maize well under various management and weather conditions with a phenology bias of <5 d and biomass relative root mean square error values of <5%. The simulated results showed that sowing long-growth-cycle cultivars approximately 10 d in advance could yield good-quality silage. The optimal sowing dates (from late May to July) and harvest dates (from early October to mid-November) gradually became later from north to south. A high-energy yield was expected when sowing at an early date and/or with late-maturing cultivars. We found that Northeast China and the North China Plain were potential silage maize growing areas, although these areas experienced a medium or even high frost risk. Southwestern maize experienced a low risk level, but the low soil fertility limited the attainable yield. The results of this paper provide information for designing an optimal G×E×M strategy to ensure silage maize production in the Chinese Maize Belt.

The questions of methodology of field experiments in agriculture and crop production

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
А.M. Malienkо ◽  
N.E. Borуs ◽  
N.G. Buslaeva
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Increase Labor Productivity ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
High Condition

In the article, the results of research on the methodology for conducting studies with corn culture under various methods of sowing and weather conditions. The aim of the research was to establish and evaluate the reliability and high accuracy of the experiment, with a decrease in the area's acreage and taking one plant per repetition. Based on the results of the analysis of biometric parameters and yields, the possibility of sampling from 5 to 108 plants was established statistically and mathematically to establish the accuracy of the experiment. The established parameters of sites in experiments with maize indicate the possibility of obtaining much more information from a smaller unit of area, that is, to increase labor productivity not only with tilled crops. This is the goal of further scientific research with other field crops taking 1 plant of repetitions, observing the conditions of leveling the experimental plot according to the fertility of the soil and sowing seeds with high condition. The data obtained give grounds for continuing research on the minimum space required and the sample in the experiments.

scholarly journals Increase maize productivity and water use efficiency through application of potassium silicate under water stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Gomaa ◽  
Essam E. Kandil ◽  
Atef A. M. Zen El-Dein ◽  
Mamdouh E. M. Abou-Donia ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractIn Egypt, water shortage has become a key limiting factor for agriculture. Water-deficit stress causes different morphological, physiological, and biochemical impacts on plants. Two field experiments were carried out at Etay El-Baroud Station, El-Beheira Governorate, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt, to evaluate the effect of potassium silicate (K-silicate) of maize productivity and water use efficiency (WUE). A split-plot system in the four replications was used under three irrigation intervals during the 2017 and 2018 seasons. Whereas 10, 15, and 20 days irrigation intervals were allocated in main plots, while the three foliar application treatments of K-silicate (one spray at 40 days after sowing; two sprays at 40 and 60 days; and three sprays at 40, 60, and 80 days, and a control (water spray) were distributed in the subplots. All the treatments were distributed in 4 replicates. The results indicated that irrigation every 15 days gave the highest yield in both components and quality. The highly significant of (WUE) under irrigation every 20 days. Foliar spraying of K-silicate three times resulted in the highest yield. Even under water-deficit stress, irrigation every fifteen days combined with foliar application of K-silicate three times achieved the highest values of grain yield and its components. These results show that K-silicate treatment can increase WUE and produce high grain yield requiring less irrigation.

scholarly journals Modeling the Competitive Effect of Euphorbia dracunculoides and Astragalus sp. in Zero Input Rainfed Chickpea

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. IKRAM ◽  
A. TANVEER ◽  
R. MAQBOOL ◽  
M.A. NADEEN
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Crop Competition ◽  
Weed Removal

ABSTRACT: Brown chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the two chickpea types grown in Pakistan and other countries. The critical period for weed removal in a rainfed chickpea system is an important consideration in devising weed management strategies. Field experiments were conducted in the winter season of 2011 and 2012 to determine the extent of yield loss with different periods of weed crop competition. Seven weed crop competition periods (0, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 160 days after sowing - DAS) were used to identify the critical period for weed removal in rainfed chickpea. Experimental plots were naturally infested with Euphorbia dracunculoides and Astragalus sp. in both years. Individual, composite density and dry weights of E. dracunculoides and Astragalussp. increased significantly with an increase in the competition period. However, yield and yield-contributing traits of chickpea significantly decreased with an increase in the competition period. Chickpea seed yield loss was 11-53% in different weed crop competition periods. Euphorbia dracunculoides and Astragalus sp. removed 39.9 and 36.9 kg ha-1 of N, 9.61 and 7.27 kg ha-1 of P and 38.3 and 36.9 kg ha-1 of K, respectively. Season long weed competition (160 days after sowing) resulted in 19.5% seed protein content compared with 24.5% seed protein content in weed-free chickpea. A Logistic equation was fitted to yield data in response to increasing periods of weed crop competition. The critical timing of weed removal at 5 and 10% acceptable yield losses were 26 and 39 DAS, respectively. The observed critical period suggests that in rainfed chickpea, a carefully timed weed removal could prevent grain yield losses.

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