THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL STATUS OF AN AFFECTIVE RESPONSE TO THE IMAGINARY IN HUSSERL’S AND SARTRE’S WORKS

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-27
Author(s):  
Elena V. Drozhetskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Affective Response ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Real ◽  
Intentional Objects ◽  
Perceptual Objects ◽  
The Subject

The paper focuses on the phenomenological status of an affective re- sponse to the imaginary in Husserl’s and Sartre’s works. Initially Husserl supposed that intentional objects of phantasy and perception may be identical. In turn, an imagination (fantasy) can substantiate affective acts, that is, the imaginary can become the subject of an emotional reaction. Along with fantasies, which are only the background of our conscious life, there are such ones in which we “live”, being absorbed in a fantasized object “to self-forgetfulness”. The feelings aimed at the imaginary may in the case seem no different from the real ones. R. Hopkins considers that position as reasonable, and the point of view of Sartre, who asserts the opposite, as vulnerable. However the article shows that both Husserl and Sartre discovered that affectivity plays its role even in the perceptual objects constitution. The image, according to Sartre, is constituted entirely by means of affecti vity and knowledge, in connection with which it is characterized by “essential poverty”, that is, it is impossible to learn anything new from the image. Earlier, Husserl came to the conclusion about a radical difference between objects of fantasy and perception, changing his original opinion. A fantasized object is quasi-seen because it isn’t given as actually present and feelings directed to it undergo modification and represent a “quasi-feeling”. Sartre follows Husserl’s way and claims that affective acts related to the imaginary are rather enacted than ex- perienced since they have neither the independence nor the inexhaustibility of the real. There is nothing in fantasied object to feed the feeling consequently it becomes more abstract and finally disappears.

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ПОНУДИТЕЛЬНОГО ЗАЛОГА (на материале кыргызского и турецкого языков)

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Айгүл Турсунова
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Real ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Semantic Point ◽  
Linguistic Methods ◽  
The Relationship

Баарыбызга маалым болгондой аркылуу мамиле этишке мүнөздүү категория. Мамиле категорияларынын эӊ негизги өзгөчөлүгү - кыймыл-аракеттин субъектиси менен объектисинин ортосундагы мамиле, б.а. сүйлөмдө ээлик милдет аткарган сөздүн же кыймыл-аракеттин чыныгы аткаруучусунун субъект же объект экендигин аныктайт. Алардын ичинен аркылуу мамиле кыймыл-аракеттин башка бирөө тарабынан иштелгенин билдирет. Биз бул эмгегибизде кыргыз тилиндеги мамиле категорияларынан - аркылуу мамилени тарыхый жана маанилик жактан анализдемекчибиз. Маанилерди аныктоодо бул мамиленин байыркы Көктүркчөдөн азыркы убакка чейинки басып өткөн жолу талданып, кандай лигвистикалык методдор менен түзүлөрүнө да кеӊири токтолдук. Макалабызда кыргыз тили менен түрк тили негизге алынды. Категория залога - есть необходимая категория языковой мысли, присущая общению. Важнейшей особенностью категорий залога является отношение между субъектом и объектом действия. В предложении данная категория определяет, является ли реальный исполнитель слова или действия, выполняющий функцию, субъектом или объектом, и означает ли что действие было разработано кем-то другим. В этой статье мы проанализируем категорию залога с исторической и семантической точек зрения в кыргызском языке. Определяя значения, мы будем анализировать историю этих залогов от древнего Коктюрского времени до наших дней и подробно обсуждать лингвистические методы, с помощью которых они сформированы. Наша статья основана на материале кыргызского и турецкого языков. The collateral category is a necessary category of linguistic thought inherent in communication. The most important feature of the categories of collateral is the relationship between the subject and the object of the action. In a sentence, this category determines whether the real performer of a word or action performing a function is a subject or an object, and means that the action was designed by someone else. In this article, we will analyze the category of collateral from a historical and semantic point of view in the Kyrgyz language. By defining the meanings, we will analyze the history of these pledges from ancient Cocturian times to the present day and discuss in detail the linguistic methods by which they were formed. Our article is based on the material of the Kyrgyz and Turkish languages.

What Is Visible When Acting? Acting-Out, Passage à l’Acte and the Dialectics of the Gaze in Phenomenology and Psychoanalytic Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Cristian Bodea
Keyword(s):  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acting Out ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Real Process ◽  
Marina Abramovic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lacanian Theory

"The paper approaches acting from a phenomenological and psychoanalytic point of view. It sheds light on the intrinsic (i.e., invisible) resorts involved when someone is playing a role – or, better yet, assumes a role. In order to make these mechanisms visible, the paper relies on the premise that acting always involves an act. Using the Lacanian theory of acts, I demonstrate that there is a real process taking place when assuming a role, namely when the subject needs to objectify himself. This process can be traced back as far as the “time” of a pre-existent gaze. The aim of the paper is to substantiate the idea that it is necessary for the gaze to enter a dialectics in order for the subject to find its objective place. For illustration, two works of art are used: the performance The Artist is Present by Marina Abramović and the movie A Woman Under the Influence by John Cassavetes. Keywords: act, desire, gaze, objectify, the Other, presence without assignable present, the Real, (in)visible."

scholarly journals SISTER OF THE TYPE: THE FEMINIST COLLECTIVE IN GRANT ALLEN'S THE TYPE-WRITER GIRL

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-244
Author(s):  
S. Brooke Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
First Person ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Real ◽  
True Story ◽  
Short Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Narrative Subject

Grant Allen's short novelThe Type-Writer Girl (1897) opens with a problem. In the first lines we are introduced to our narrator who, we are promptly told, is unemployed: “I was twenty-two and without employment. I would not say by this that I was without occupation. In the world in which we live, set with daisies and kingfishers and undeciphered faces of men and women, I doubt I could be at a loss for something to occupy me” (23; ch. 1). As the second half of this quotation suggests, our narrator is confident that this problem of employment is quite easy to solve, for all around is a world teeming with life, and as we learn by the start of the next paragraph, our narrator does indeed have an occupation, something to fill his/her time. Our narrator is a storyteller: “I cannot choose but wonder who each is, and why he is here. For one after another I invent a story. It may not be the true story, but at least it amuses me” (23; ch. 1). So the real problem, beyond the question of employment, emerges as a question of narrative subject. Who is this narrator, the subject of this first-person story? We do not even know if our narrator is male or female. It is as if he/she is lost amidst that sea of “undeciphered faces of men and women.” Connected to this problem of subject is also the question of form. The first-person point of view would suggest an autobiographical narrative. Yet any expectations of an autobiographical account are immediately undermined in chapter two when we learn that our narrator is named “Juliet Appleton.” This narrative subject does not match the novel's signed author, “Olive Pratt Rayner.” So we are again left with questions: what kind of narrative is this, who is the real subject of this story, what is the form of this narrative, and does our narrator find employment?

scholarly journals MADURESE DIALECT’S DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PROBOLINGGONESE AND MADURESE (SUMENEP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sofyan Adi
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Qualitative Design ◽  
Real Condition ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study employed descriptive qualitative design to obtain the data since this method focused on the result, not by the number of the subject. It was just by the real condition when the researcher conducted the research. This thesis identified, classified, and described the differences between Probolinggonese and Madurese dialect. In collecting the data, the researcher used some techniques, those were observation and interview. The result of research showed that there were differences in pronunciation, lexically, and syntactical between Probolinggonese and Madurese dialect. The differences of phonological was proved in pronunciation vowels a,i,u,e,o and some consonant differences. In the lexical point of view, it was proved based on pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, noun, and conjunction. From syntactical point of view, Probolinggonese and Madurese dialects had adding suffix, affix, and intrusive sound.

scholarly journals Human Agency and Freedom at the Face of the Changing Global Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 286-293
Author(s):  
Manash Jyoti Deka
Keyword(s):  
Human Agency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject

The meteoric change of global environment in today’s world can be understood at least in two contexts; symbolic and real, understanding it from the Lacanian point of view. The symbolic constructs a structure wherein human beings as subjects are subjectivized under a disguised hallucination of imagination. In addition, the real is that what the symbolic has lost in its very inauguration and therefore keeps desiring. When the symbolic comes to confront the real, i.e. when, for example, a global capitalistic structure faces a lurking nature which is now anti-posed against the symbolic itself due to its exploitive mentality of nature the subject becomes a paranoiac subject. Can a paranoiac subject exercise a real agency and thus recover her freedom without being a schizophrenic? In this paper, I want to discuss these issues from a psychoanalytic as well as philosophical point of view.

Group life and pension schemes, including valuation problems

1939 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 122-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Polman
Keyword(s):  
Special Class ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
The Real ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
Group Life ◽  
Group Insurance ◽  
Group Basis ◽  
The Subject

A Group Life and Pension Scheme is an employer's scheme instituted for the benefit of his employees. The real position of the life office, which is usually responsible for arranging the scheme, is that of underwriter. From the life office's point of view, with which this paper is solely concerned, the guaranteeing of these schemes on a group basis, as opposed to issuing an individual policy on the life of each employee, is a special class of business with certain definite characteristics which have not changed very much since N. C. Turner presented his paper to the Students' Society in 1930 on the subject of Group Insurance and Group Pension Schemes.

From the Subjects' Point of View

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Peter Kanning ◽  
Kirsten Grewe ◽  
Stefan Hollenberg ◽  
Monika Hadouch
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Situational Judgment ◽  
Situational Judgment Tests ◽  
Response Component ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Job Relatedness ◽  
New Situation ◽  
Positive Effect

In personnel selection, situational judgment tests are based on the principle of simulation: The applicant is confronted with a typical work situation and has to decide what kind of behavior is appropriate. In two studies, we investigate the subjects' reactions to different kinds of situational judgment items. The item formats examined differ with regard to two variables: Interactivity (noninteractive: In each item, the subject is confronted with a new situation vs. interactive: The situation develops according to the answer given and the subject is asked once more about the new situation) as well as modality of presentation (stimulus and response components of the items are given in the form of a video vs. in text form). We expected the degree of interaction and the presentation via video to have a positive effect on the subjects' evaluation (in terms of usefulness, emotional reaction, transparency, job-relatedness, acceptance, fairness). In accordance with our expectations, interactive situational judgment items using videos in the stimulus as well as in the response component received the highest ratings.

2. Why the Barometer does not always indicate the Real Weight of the Mass of Atmosphere aloft. A continuation of the Paper on this subject laid before the Society in Session 1876 and 1877

1880 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 212-223
Author(s):  
Robert Tennent
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Real ◽  
Rapid Motion ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Imperfect State ◽  
The Subject

Meteorological phenomena are in all cases to be regarded as being both a cause and an effect; owing to this, and also to the imperfect state of our knowledge on this subject, it may be safely asserted that exception proves or tests the rule. Taking up the subject in this point of view, much assistance is in this way to be acquired when attempts are made to explain the phenomena which are under consideration, and hence these negative conclusions can to a large extent be taken advantage of. As an illustration of this, can it be assumed that a barometer placed on the surface of the earth, and which always correctly indicates the amount of pressure on its cistern, will also always correctly indicate the weight of the mass of air aloft, both when it is at rest and when it is in rapid motion, accompanied by the important element of friction.

scholarly journals XII.—On the Law of Frequency of Error

1865 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tait
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Method Of Least Squares ◽  
Natural Manner ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Nature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law

It has always appeared to me that the difficulties which present themselves in investigations concerning the Frequency of Error, and the deduction of the most probable result from a large number of observations by the Method of Least Squares (which is an immediate consequence of the ordinary “Law of Error”), are difficulties of reasoning, or logic, rather than of analysis. Hence I conceive that the elaborate analytical investigations of Laplace, Poisson, and others, do not in anywise present the question in its intrinsic simplicity. They seem to me to be necessitated by the unnatural point of view from which their authors have contemplated the question. It is, undoubtedly, a difficult one; but this is a strong reason for abstaining from the use of unnecessarily elaborate analysis, which, however beautiful in itself, does harm when it masks the real nature of the difficulty it is employed to overcome. I believe that, so far at least as mathematics is concerned, the subject ought to be found extremely simple, if we only approach it in a natural manner.

Subject Matter and Scope of Ethics: An Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Mohd Mumtaz Ali
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
The Real ◽  
Human Conduct ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Semantic Dimension

The subject matter and scope of ethics, as discussed in educational textbooks, remain confined to the scientific study of human conduct and morality. From ethical point of view the scope of ethics cannot be confined to the study of morality, nor can morality be considered its only subject-matter. A deliberation over semantic dimension of ethics may reveal that this confinement is consequent upon the negligence of some crucially ethical questions. This has defeated the very purpose of the development of ethics as a well-defined discipline. Basically, an epistemological error in understanding the subject matter and scope of ethics led to the avoidance of those ethically significant questions. Consequently, ethics was invariably looked at as a discipline dealing with morality. This paper attempts to identify and discuss those important questions of ethics that explain the real subject matter and scope of ethics.

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