EFFICIENCY OF FUNGICIDES FOR OIDIUM CONTROL IN SOYBEAN CROP

One of the most relevant factors in soybean productivity is fungal diseases such as oidium (Microsphaera diffusa), which can be controlled through resistant cultivars or preventive control through the application of fungicides. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of chemical fungicides for oidium control and their effects on yield and weight of one thousand seeds (WTS) of soybean crop. Seven treatments were conducted with fungicides for oidium control, and control treatment without fungicide (Treatment 8). Fungicides were effective in controlling oidium incidence and severity and also increased yield. Fungicides tested were: Picoxystrobin 100 gL-1 + Benzovidiflupir 50 gL-1 (Treatment 1), Trifloxystrobin 150 gL-1 + Proticonazol 175 gL-1 (Treatment 2), Fenpropimorph 750 gL-1 (Treatment 3), Picoxystrobin 200 gL-1 + Ciproconazol 80 gL-1 (Treatment 4), Azoxystrobin 300 gL-1 + Benzovindiflupir 150 gL-1 (Treatment 5), Mancozeb 750 g.kg-1 (Treatment 6), Metominostrobin 110 gL-1 + Tebuconazol 165 gL-1 (Treatment 7). A difference of 962 kg.ha-1 (16 sc.ha-1) was observed between the most efficient treatment (T3 - Fenpropimorph 750 g.L-1) and the control treatment.

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The effect of mineral fertilisers and farmyard manure on grain and straw yield, quality and economical parameters of winter wheat

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/60/2020-pse ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (No. 6) ◽

pp. 249-256

Author(s):

Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽

Milan Vach ◽

Zdeněk Abrhám ◽

Ladislav Mensik ◽

Eva Kunzová

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Market Price ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Yield Quality ◽

Technology And Economy ◽

And Control ◽

Technological Methods

In the years 2011–2014, winter wheat grain yield, qualitative and economic parameters were evaluated according to different fertiliser treatments: (1) control: unfertilised treatment; (2) farmyard manure (FYM) and (3) FYM + NPK (farmyard manure applied together with mineral NPK). The highest yields (8.10 t/ha) were recorded in the FYM + NPK treatment, while significantly lower yields (6.20 t/ha and 5.73 t/ha) were recorded in FYM and control treatments, respectively. Similarly, statistically significantly higher values of the quality parameters were found in the FYM + NPK treatment (13.55% of crude protein content and 43.56 mL of Zeleny’s sedimentation test), compared to control (10% and 22.44 mL, respectively). The modelling expert system (AGROTEKIS-Crop Technology and Economy) was used for the evaluation of economy. This software is based on technological methods of cultivation and norms of material input costs and costs of individual mechanised works. The economic benefits and profitability were evaluated for three different levels of grain market price. The highest gross profit per ha was recorded in the FYM + NPK treatment. According to the gross profit, the control treatment provided better results than the FYM treatment.

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Effect of Ethephon and Packaging Practices On Ripening of Mango cv. Maldah

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v19i1.54786 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 155-163

Author(s):

S Sapkota ◽

D Kc ◽

H Giri ◽

M Saud ◽

M Basnet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Quality Performance ◽

Plastic Packaging ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

Ethephon Treatment ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

And Control ◽

Juice Content

The present research was conducted on two factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three replications. A set of experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of postharvest ethephon treatment and packaging on ripening of mango cv. Maldah. The treatments consisted of ripening agent i.e., ethephon and control treatment under different packaging condition i.e., fiber with hole, fiber without hole, plastic with hole and plastic without hole. The result revealed that different packaging condition and ripening agents influenced the ripening behavior of mango. The highest TSS (15.26), sugar-acid ratio (23.66) and juice content (126.05) were recorded with fiber (without hole) and the lowest TSS (12.60), sugar-acid ratio (9.01) and juice content (116.05) with plastic (without hole). The highest TA (1.44) was recorded with plastic (without hole) and the lowest (0.66) with fiber (without hole). Similarly, the highest BT (2.83) was recorded with fiber (with hole) and the lowest (1.66) with plastic (without hole). Firmness, sweetness, TSS and juice content were the highest with the interaction effect of fiber bag (without hole) and ethephon treatment. In conclusion, mango fruits with ethephon treatment packed in fiber bag (without hole) enhances quality and ripening of mango whereas under controlled condition and without hole plastic packaging mangoes had low quality performance in terms of physio-chemical properties. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 155-163 (2021)

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Frequency in the supply of Lactobacillus influence its probiotic effect for yellow tail lambari

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20180042 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Adolfo Jatobá ◽

Klayton Natan Moraes ◽

Emanuel Fernandes Rodrigues ◽

Leandro Marcolino Vieira ◽

Marina Oliveira Pereira

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Tract ◽

Leukocyte Count ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Productive Performance ◽

Probiotic Lactobacillus ◽

Final Weight ◽

And Control ◽

Lactobacillus Spp ◽

Probiotic Effect

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to evaluate the changes in intestinal tract microbiota, hematological parameters and zootechnical indexes of yellowtail lambaris (Astyanax bimaculatus) fed with different probiotic supply frequencies (Lactobacillus spp.). Lambaris (1,200) were distributed in twelve boxes, divided in three treatments, 100% supply; 25% and 0% (control) of feeds supplemented with probiotic. After 87 days, fish fed with supplemented diet, regardless of frequency (100% and 25%), showed an increase in the total lactic acid bacteria count of 7.99±0.15 log CFU mL-1 and 7.04±1, 29 log UFC mL-¹ respectively, in the intestinal tract and decrease of Pseudomonas spp. in both 100% and 25% (4.09±0.84log UFC mL-1 and 4.00±1.12log UFC mL-1, respectively) in relation to the control treatment (6.74±1.04log UFC mL-1). Fish fed with 100% of diets supplemented with probiotics had a higher leukocyte count (47.7±6.7x103μL-1), lymphocytes (36.0±2.6x103μL1), monocytes (12.0±4.2x103μl-1), as well as higher mean final weight (10.60±0.89g) and weekly growth rate (0.80±0.08g.week-1) than the other treatments (25% of probiotic offered and control). Probiotic (Lactobacillus spp.) offered in 25% of feeds (or more) alters the yellowtail lambari microbiota (A. bimaculatus); however, must be offer in 100% of feeds to improve the hematology profile and productive performance.

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Using a smartphone video camera to reduce anxiety in speaking activity

English Education Journal ◽

10.24815/eej.v12i1.19078 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 38-55

Author(s):

Nur Asma

Keyword(s):

Smartphone Application ◽

Video Camera ◽

New Methods ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Significant Difference ◽

English Speaking ◽

The Common ◽

Common Problems ◽

And Control ◽

Relevant Factors

The common problems faced by students in English speaking are anxiety and the lack of confidence and ideas. This research was conducted to determine the relevant factors and to provide a solution by using the smartphone video camera. To obtain the data in this research, experimental research was performed inside and outside the classroom with a series of treatments and a questionnaire sheet as the instrument. The data were analyzed using a model proposed by Smeda, Dakich, and Sharda (2014) and a Likert scale questionnaire, which was adapted from Spratt, Humphreys, and Chan (2002). The result from the test showed a significant difference between the experimental and control classes as the carried t-test presented the score of -8.36, which was out of the limit (between -1.96 and 1.96). Another result was the students developed positively which was shown by: the anxiety tends to decrease as they were given time before performing thus prepared better, their self-confidence was increased and challenged by using the smartphone video camera method due to the application of innovation in the speaking class. The conclusion of this research is lecturer needs to apply new methods, one of which is using a smartphone application.

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Foliar silicate application improves the tolerance of celery grown under heat stress conditions

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2021.117.3.1865 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 (3) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Fadl Abdelhamid HASHEM ◽

Rasha M. EL-MORSHEDY ◽

Tarek M. YOUNIS ◽

Mohamed A. A. ABDRABBO

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Potassium Silicate ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Apium Graveolens ◽

Control Treatment ◽

F1 Hybrid ◽

And Control

Temperature rise is one of the most challenging climate change impacts that increase the intensity of heat stress. In this investigated the production of celery (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum F1 hybrid)) was tested during the late season. The experiment was carried out during the two successive summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 in Giza Governorate, Egypt. The experimental design is a split-plot, the main plots consist of three low tunnel cover treatments, and three spray treatments with three replicates in sub-main plots. Results showed that the use of white net cover gave the highest vegetative growth and yield followed by the black net. Values of plant yield were 951, 765, and 660 g/plant for white, black and without cover, respectively, in the first season. The foliar application of 3 mM of potassium silicate produced the highest vegetative growth and yield compared to the control treatment. Referring to the effect of spray foliar application of potassium silicate on yield 1.5 mM (S1), 3 mM (S2), and control were 892, 795, and 689 g/plant in the first season, respectively. The best combination that delivered the highest vegetative growth and yield was a cover low tunnel with a white net combined with S2 foliar application.

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Chronic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Micro-Crustacean Daphnia lumholtzi

VNU Journal of Science Natural Sciences and Technology ◽

10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.4967 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Tran Thanh Thai ◽

Pham Thanh Luu ◽

Ngo Xuan Quang ◽

Dao Thanh Son

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Exposure Period ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Reproduction Rate ◽

Daphnia Lumholtzi ◽

Multiple Generations ◽

Toxicological Effects ◽

Chronic Effects ◽

And Control

This study aimed to enhance our insight on the potential toxicological effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into the aquatic environment. To investigate the chronic toxicity of nanoparticles, freshwater micro-crustacean Daphnia lumholtzi was exposed to different concentrations of 0.2, 0.5 µg/l AgNPs, and control, for 21 days. Toxicological endpoints at different growing stages such as the maturation and reproduction were recorded. The reproduction rate of D. lumholtzi exposed to both AgNPs concentrations (0.2 and 0.5 µg/l ) was significantly lower than that of control. In turn, the maturation exposed to both AgNPs concentrations was not significantly different from the control treatment. This result indicates that AgNPs (with a concentration lower than 0.5 µg/l) did not have an adverse effect on the maturation of D. lumholtzi, but AgNPs with a concentration higher than 0.2 caused a toxic effect on the reproduction rate of D. lumholtzi during 21 days of the exposure period. In conclusion, the present results showed that AgNPs have toxic effects on D. lumholtzi and it has the potential to use as good freshwater aquatic zooplankton for assessment on the toxicity of nanomaterials in tropics. The future study should pay more attention to the effect of AgNPs on survival, growth rate, and multiple generations of daphnids to better understand the effects of nanoparticles in general and AgNPs in particular.

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Phytoremediation as a Prospective Method for Rehabilitation of Areas Contaminated by Long-Term Sewage Sludge Storage: The Greek Experience

Linnaeus Eco-Tech ◽

10.15626/eco-tech.2010.090 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 836-853

Author(s):

N. Suchkova ◽

E. Darakas ◽

J. Ganoulis ◽

Y. Vergeles

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Plant Species ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

The Other ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

And Control ◽

Control Samples

In this work the suitability of several plant species for phytoremediation under natural and artificially installed conditions was studied. Brassica napus, Medicago sativa, Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, and Hordeum vulgare were grown in pots with sewage sludge from Sindos Main WWTP in Thessaloniki and from Sindos Industrial WWTP in Thessaloniki, Greece. The first series of experiments included comparing measurements of various parameters for the above mentioned plants and the sludge to those for control samples (the same plants growing in compost). It was shown that shoot growth was less reduced in T. aestivum and H. vulgare than in the other plant species studied. B. napus had lower germination tax, followed by M. sativa with the lowest germination tax. Generally B. napus, giving less biomass production than Z. mays and T. aestivum, is characterised by a higher ability to accumulate heavy metals like Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr, As and Hg. The second series of experiments included comparing measurements of various parameters of B. napus grown in sludge and treated each 7 days with metal solutions of Ni, Zn and Pb containing 10-2mg/l, 10-4mg/l, 10-6mg/l of each metal, to those for control plants treated with double distilled water. Results showed that shoot growth of B. napus were increased at treatments with lower concentrations of metals (10-6 mg/l) and control (treatment with d-distilled water). At the same time uptake of metal ions was increased with the concentration of the solution, i.e. at higher concentrations (10-2 mg/l). It is truly for Pb and Zn, transfer coefficient TC of which (indicates a plant’s potential to concentrate a metal) was quite high 15 % and 7 % correspondingly. It was noticed that B. napus has high ability to accumulate Cr, from the other hand it did not accumulate Ni (at present case).

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KINETICS OF PHOSPHORUS RELEASE FROM ADDED ROCK PHOSPHATE WITH SOME ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON CALCAREOUS SOIL.

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v47i5.510 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

Author(s):

K.M. Naser

Keyword(s):

Rock Phosphate ◽

Kinetic Equations ◽

Phosphorus Release ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Peat Moss ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Sheep Manure ◽

And Control

Laboratory experiment was conducted using silty clay loam soil collected from Agriculture fields in Abu Ghraib to study the release of phosphorus from rock phosphate (10.22 P%) on a soil treated with three types of organic fertilizers namely; peat moss , sheep manure , poultry manure and control treatment (soil only). Ten grams of air dried soil mixed with 100 mg of ground rock phosphate and organic fertilizers added at 2.5% level (w:w) were incubated at a laboratory temperature (298 K ) after adding water up to two-thirds of the field capacity for 40, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days. Citric acide soluble available phosphorous was estimated after each incubation periods and kinetic equations used to test its release from treated samples. The additions of chicken manure was the highest in the amount of dissolved phosphorus values followed by sheep manure, peat moss, rock phosphate and control treatment, reaching levels of citric acide extractable phosphorus to 4.2 , 3.8, 3.3, 3.1 and 2.5 mg P kg-1 soil, respectively. The results also showed superiority of first order equation in the description of phosphorus release from rock phosphate with release rate coefficient of 3.801 , 3.865 , 4.328 and 4.366 mg P kg -1 soil h-1 for the treatments: soil and rock phosphate only , peat moss, sheep waste and chicken manure, respectively.

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INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON OVULES ABORTION, SEED SET AND ITS GERMENATION OF TWO ALFALFA CULTIVARS

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v47i3.571 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Khrbeet & Al-Beiruty

Keyword(s):

Growth Regulators ◽

Seed Set ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Flower Buds ◽

College Of Agriculture ◽

Vegetation Growth ◽

Main Plot ◽

And Control

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, College of Agriculture, Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad, Iraq during the period from mid. of March 2012 to mid. of July 2014 to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators and foliar application stages on ovules abortion, seed set and its germination of two alfalfa cultivars. Layout of the experiment was R.C.B.D. arranged in split-split plot with three replications. Cultivars (local and hamedan) were assigned as a main plot and foliar application stages (vegetative growth, flower buds emergence, 50% flowering and 80% flowering) were assigned as sub-plots, while growth regulators (Alar, Ethephon, Naphthalene acetic acid(NAA) and control treatment) were assigned in the sub-sub-plots. Result showed that there were no significant differences between cultivars in all traits. Foliar application of NAA increased No. of ovules per floret (9.11) compare with other treatments, but it was not significantly different compare with Alar. In 1st and 2nd seed crop, plants sprayed with Alar at flower buds emergence stage gave highest seed set (5.17, 6.93) respectively. Percentage of ovules abortion significantly influenced by growth regulaters, folair application stages and their interaction. Since, foliar application of Alar at beginning of flower buds emergence reduce % of ovules abortion (30.89). In general, plants sprayed at vegetation growth stage increased % of seed germination. It was clear from this study that more than 40% of ovules were aborted, this may be one of the reasons for reduction of seed yield in alfalfa, therefore, we recommended to do more researches in this field in order to know the causes of ovules abortion.

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Effect of Potassium Humate and Micronic Sulfur on the Chemical Properties of Some Soils of Toshka, Egypt

Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition ◽

10.9734/ajsspn/2020/v6i230081 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Atef A. A. Sweed ◽

Ahmed A. M. Awad

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Loamy Sand ◽

Available P ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Soil Drainage ◽

Potassium Humate ◽

And Control

Low soil organic matter, low nutrient availability and the higher soil pH (more than 8) are the major problem of agricultural practices in region of Toshka. An incubation trial at October 2019 was conducted to investigate the effect of potassium humate (KH) and micronic sulfur (MS) on some chemical properties of different soils (sandy clay soils, loamy sand and sandy soils). The used amendments (KH and MS) were added to the studied soil at 4 levels of each amendment i.e. 0.0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0%. A two way randomized completely block design and provided with three replications. Studied parameters were included soil pH, EC, exchange Na and the content of available - P and K. Results showed that, the MS application at 1% level caused a significant decrease in soil pH values compared with the KH application and control treatment. These reductions were more pronounced in case of soil B (loamy sand). Also, KH application gave an increase on exchange Na and available-K. While MS application was cause an increased in soil EC and available-P in the three soils under study. Moreover, the increases in the percentage of available – K with added of KH were higher than added of MS for soils under study. While the percentages of available-P with added of KH were higher than with added of MS for studied soils. It may be recommended to add KH and MS at a rate of 1% to improve the soil chemical properties. But the effect of application from MS has greater than KH to increase dissolved sodium salts on the form of sodium sulfate, which facilitates disposal during soil drainage.

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