scholarly journals Seeking the Portuguese Vocabulary Profile

10.29007/xw8n ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shintaro Torigoe
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Learner Corpora ◽  
Vocabulary List

This paper reports on a pilot study from the Portuguese Vocabulary Profile project. In this pilot study, a vocabulary list for learners of Portuguese was developed by analysing learner corpora, an approach inspired by CEFR-based wordlists, such as the English Vocabulary Profile. A draft wordlist was constructed from two learner corpora of L2 Portuguese, the Corpora do PLE and the Corpus de PEAPL2. The draft wordlist was then compared to the LMCPC, a wordlist derived from a million-word native speaker corpus, in order to investigate differences between learners and native speakers and to identify aspects of the wordlist needing improvement. The pilot study indicated that the use of Portuguese by the Intermediate and Advanced learner is quite different from that of native speakers and that learner’s language use was affected by data collection tasks and learning environments.

Some aspects of repair in native and non-native speaker conversations in English

1999 ◽  
Vol 125-126 ◽  
pp. 253-275
Author(s):  
Martha Eleftheriadou ◽  
Richard Badger
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
General Preferences

Abstract The ability to carry out repairs is a key skill in spoken discourse for non-native speakers of English and has been widely studied. However, VAN HEST et al. (1997) have suggested that investigations into repair in L2 need to be more theoretically driven and less concerned with individual differences. Drawing on information from a pilot study of twenty-three conversations, lasting 185 minutes between six native and six non-native speakers, this paper argues that there is no conflict between a concern with individual differences and theory building. What is needed is a contextualised theory which is grounded in particular situations and individual differences. The paper identifies three possible areas of difficulty that may arise if a theory is not contextualised. Firstly, the paper argues that theory driven research encourages methods of data collection that we characterise as experimental and suggest that these need to be supplemented by more naturalistic forms of data collection. Secondly, the paper criticises the view that there are general preferences as to who initiates and who completes repairs and argues that a contextualised theory of repair would capture initiation/completion patterns more adequately. Finally, the paper argues that the distinction between native and non-native speakers needs to be re-examined. This is supported by the finding in the pilot study that there was little variation between native and non-native speakers in terms of these analyses.

English language schooling, linguistic realities, and the native speaker of English in Hong Kong

Multilingua ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jette G. Hansen Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Government School ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

AbstractThe study employs a case study approach to examine the impact of educational backgrounds on nine Hong Kong tertiary students’ English and Cantonese language practices and identifications as native speakers of English and Cantonese. The study employed both survey and interview data to probe the participants’ English and Cantonese language use at home, school, and with peers/friends. Leung, Harris, and Rampton’s (1997, The idealized native speaker, reified ethnicities, and classroom realities.TESOL Quarterly 31(3). 543–560) framework of language affiliation, language expertise, and inheritance was used to examine the construction of a native language identity in a multilingual setting. The study found that educational background – and particularly international school experience in contrast to local government school education – had an impact on the participants’ English language usage at home and with peers, and also affected their language expertise in Cantonese. English language use at school also impacted their identifications as native speakers of both Cantonese and English, with Cantonese being viewed largely as native language based on inheritance while English was being defined as native based on their language expertise, affiliation and use, particularly in contrast to their expertise in, affiliation with, and use of Cantonese.

scholarly journals Portuguese Vocabulary Profile: uma lista de vocabulário a aprendentes do PL2/PLE, baseada nos corpora de aprendentes e de livros de ensino

2017 ◽  
pp. 387-400
Author(s):  
Shintaro Torigoe
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Word List ◽  
Elementary Level ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Learner Corpora ◽  
Word Classification ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pilot Version ◽  
Vocabulary List

This paper reports the second pilot study of the Portuguese Vocabulary Profile (PVP) project, a Portuguese vocabulary list for learners in Japan based on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. Inspired by the English Vocabulary Profile (Capel, 2010, 2012), the PVP takes a learner-centric approach. For this study, the author modified the first pilot version which was constructed solely from learner corpora (Torigoe, 2016a) by comparing it with a word list based on a corpus of Portuguese textbooks published in Japan. The result is a broadened vocabulary for both the elementary and intermediate levels. The major improvement is that some intuitively basic words, including numbers, months of the year, foods, and facilities, which had been previously categorized as intermediate or advanced level words or which were missing from the first version due to their low frequency were correctly categorized as the elementary level words. However, the norm of word classification remains somewhat arbitrary given that the small size of both the input (learner corpora) and the comparative data (textbook corpus) does not allow for the use of statistical methods with less frequent words.

A Recurrent Word Combination Approachto the Study of Formulae in the Speech of Native and Non-Native Speakers of English

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie De Cock
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Full Discussion ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Recurrent Word

This article reports on a pilot study into how corpus methods can be applied to the study of one type of phraseological unit, formulae, in native speaker and learner speech. Formulae, or formulaic expressions, are multi-word units performing a pragmatic and/or discourse-structuring function and have been characterised as being typically native-like. The methodology presented here is contrastive and involves the use of computerised corpora of both native and non-native speaker speech. It consists of two steps: (1) the automatic extraction of all recurrent word combinations to produce lists of potential formulae, and (2) a carefully specified manual filtering process designed to reduce these lists to lists of actual formulaic usage. The results of this process allow for the first genuine quantitative comparison of formulae in the speech of native and non-native speakers, which in turn has significant implications for SLA research. This paper focuses on methodology and does not present a full discussion of the results. However, selected example findings are presented to support the approach adopted.

scholarly journals Helong Language in West Kupang District, Kupang Regency East Nusa Tenggara is Shifting Towards Death

2017 ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Gregorius Sudaryano ◽  
Made Budiarsa ◽  
I Made Suastra ◽  
Simon Sabon Ola
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
Language Norms ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

Research on language shift related to social factor is included in sociolinguistic research. This study is to examine the phenomenon of Helong language (HL) shift  in the District of West Kupang, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. HL shift is a product of language contact and language competition which is characterized by the use of HL by its speakers that is getting lower and switch to another more prestigious one. Therefore, the phenomenon of HL shift was analyzed based on the choice of HL language use in a domain that implies HL maintenance by its speakers among generations.   In order to get the expected data, this study involved 100 respondents consisting groups of 40 parents, 29 adults, and 31 children. The data obtained through data collection techniques were analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative methods. It was conducted based on the attitude of language in the dimensions of language loyalty, language pride, and awareness of language norms in the domains of family, education, customs, neighborhood, government, and religion referring to the level of HL maintenance.   The results showed that the phenomenon of HL shift in the District of West Kupang, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province reflected reducing number of intergenerational Helong native speakers in using their own language. The presence of Indonesian language (IL) intervening the use of language in the domains of education, government, and religion influencing the use of languages in the domains of family and neighborhood. Thus, HL is shifting towards death in the next generations.

Deficient non-native speakers or translanguagers?

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Chung Ke
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Nonnative Speaker ◽  
Japanese Students ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Intercultural Exchange ◽  
Japanese Speaker

This study investigated how the experience of a multilingual and multimodal English as a lingua franca (ELF) online intercultural exchange (OIE) influenced Taiwanese university students’ linguistic identities. Data was drawn from 26 Taiwanese students who had 10 weekly one-hour video live-chats with 18 Japanese students in 2 semesters. Taiwanese participants were interviewed on their language use and issues related to identities before, during, and after the exchange. Students’ language use patterns in the OIE and reflections on the OIE were also analyzed. Interviews revealed that the multilingual ELF experience had a liberating and empowering effect for students’ English use. In multimodal communication, they felt more comfortable using English together with other languages, evidenced by increasing productions of code-mixing utterances in later weeks. However, the anxiety of using Japanese with a native Japanese speaker still persisted. In particular, the native-speaker (NS)–nonnative-speaker (NNS) interactions constrained them to pay more attention to form and accuracy, which positioned both Taiwanese and Japanese students as either native speakers or deficient nonnative language learners.

scholarly journals Phonetic Imitation of Vowel Duration in L2 Speech

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zając
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
English Speaker ◽  
British English ◽  
English Vowels ◽  
L2 Pronunciation

This paper reports the results of a pilot study concerned with phonetic imitation in the speech of Polish learners of English. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether native speakers of Polish imitate the length of English vowels and to determine whether the extent of phonetic imitation may be influenced by the model talker being a native or a non-native speaker of English. The participants were asked to perform an auditory naming task in which they indentified objects and actions presented on a set of photos twice, with and without the imitation task. The imitation task was further sub-divided depending on the model talker being a native or non-native speaker of English (a native Southern British English speaker and a native Polish speaker fluent in English). As the aim was to investigate the variability in durational characteristics of English vowels, the series of front vowels /æ e ɪ iː/ were analysed in the shortening and lengthening b_t vs. b_d contexts. The results of the study show that the participants imitated the length of the investigated vowels as a result of exposure to the two model talkers. The data suggest that the degree of imitation was mediated both by linguistic and social factors and that the direction of convergence might have been affected by the participants’ attitude toward L2 pronunciation.

Local Norms in CALL Language Practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. White
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Discourse Communities ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Status ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Local Norms

This article presents an investigation into what norms are negotiated in a CALL classrooms by non-native speakers of English who are Internet novices. There is an on-going debate regarding the status of non-native speaker norms. Although there is more and more recognition that they are valid learner targets, native speaker norms are still reported to have the highest status for learners. Internet language use, though, has led to a change in the perception of norms, as communities of non-native speakers can set their own norms over those of native speakers. Data are analysed from academic textchat seminars which show that a community of inexperienced Internet users set their own norms, which go directly against their L1 community cultural norms of respect towards teachers. This paper proposes that it is an affordance of CALL environments that they can do this. This work is further evidence that it is smaller discourse communities that set norms separate from those of larger geo-political national communities.

scholarly journals A model of linguistic accommodation leading to language simplification

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Frank ◽  
Kenny Smith
Keyword(s):  
Adult Learners ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Bayesian Framework ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Language Complexity ◽  
Potential Explanation ◽  
Reinforcing Effect ◽  
Linguistic Accommodation

Language complexity seems to be influenced by population characteristics such as the proportion of adult learners. One potential explanation for this link is that native speakers accommodate to non-native speakers, simplifying their language use during such interactions: learners may then acquire a less complex language. We model accommodation in interaction in a Bayesian framework, where in order to accommodate appropriately, an agent must first infer their interlocutor’s linguistic abilities. We find that when the agent consistently accommodates, learners end up with a simplified language, due to a reinforcing effect between an initially underinformed learner and an accommodating native speaker.

scholarly journals PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS (INSYA’) Dengan Pendekatan Komunikatif-Interaktif di Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Ponorogo

Kodifikasia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufridal Yufridal
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Word Choice ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Mind

Abstrak:Writing skills are used to record, recording, convincing, report, inform, and influence the reader. The purpose and goal of the study can only be achieved by either by the learners who can compose and assemble the mind and bring it in writing with a clear, smooth, and communicative. This clarity depends on the mind, organization, usage and word choice, and sentence structure. Write essays (Insha') may be regarded as the most difficult skill than premises other language skills. What a student using a second or foreign language orally (syafawi), then a native speaker can understand and accept less than perfect pronunciation or phrases that are less appropriate or even incom­patible with the rules grametikal. However, when learning a second language use/foreign kitabi, the native speakers who read it will be harder assess writing a lot of spelling or grammar errors. Although the meaning is conveyed was quite clear and his pretty neat, but a written essay is required to be good and as far as possible without errors because thought to reflect the level of education concerned shall essay writer.Kata Kunci: Insya’, Pendekatan Komunikatif-Interaktif, STAIN Ponorogo

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