scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii en mujeres embarazadas en la provincia de El Oro, 2014 / Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women in the province of El Oro, 2014

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Mercedes Lam Vivanco ◽  
Marisela Segura Osorio ◽  
Jovanny Santos Luna ◽  
Diana Sanmartín Galvan ◽  
Marcelo López Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Las Mujeres

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar los anticuerpos IgG- IgM de anti toxoplasma gondii en mujeres embarazadas, atendidas en una casa de salud privada, siendo el principal reservorio de esta infección el gato doméstico (Feliscatus), puede ocurrir en cualquier etapa  del embarazo, es muy  importante detectar en el primer trimestre  para evitar  trastornos del sistema nervioso central y retinocoroiditis.  El método clínico que se utilizó para el diagnóstico de los anticuerpos IgG-IgM fue electroquimiolumisencia de alta sensibilidad, los resultados obtenidos de anticuerpos IgG contra T. gondii en embarazadas, fue 16% IgG-IgM seropositivo para anti T. gondii, en relación con las mujeres embarazadas con serología positiva para T. gondii decreció linealmente con la edad de la paciente, siendo el grupo de 20-25años el más afectado 40(12%) para IgG positivo y IgM 25(10%), lo que referencia acerca de la prevalencia del Toxoplasma gondii. ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was the determination of IgM antibodies IgG anti toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women, attended in a private health place, being the main reservoir of this infection the domestic cat (Felis catus), can occur at any stage of pregnancy, it is important to detect the first trimester of pregnancy to prevent disorders of the central nervous system and retinochoroiditis. The clinical method used was electroquimiolumisencia high sensitivity for the diagnosis of IgG - IgM antibodies, the results of IgG antibodies against T. gondii in pregnant women was 16% IgG anti-IgM seropositive for T. gondii, in relation of pregnant women with positive serology for T. gondii decreased linearly with the age of the patient, being the group most affected 20-25años 40 (12%) for IgG and IgM positive 25 (10%) giving reference on prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of AxSYM, VIDAS and VIDIA toxoplasmosis reagent performance in a high seroprevalence Latin American country

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Weber ◽  
Marisol Badiel ◽  
Yanet Alvarez-Otero ◽  
Philippe Thulliez ◽  
José G. Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latin American Country ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Igm Antibodies

AIMS: The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of three automated immunoassays for the detection of IgM and IgG Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using sera of pregnant women living in Colombia, a Latin American country with a high seroprevalence. METHODS: A total of 905 sera were tested for IgM antibodies and 914 for IgG antibodies with AxSYM, VIDAS and VIDIA immunoassays. Discrepancies were resolved by using the dye test for IgG antibodies, and the ISAGA test for IgM. RESULTS: The overall agreement between AxSYM, VIDAS and VIDIA assays was excellent for detection of IgG and IgM antibodies, and discrepancies were relatively rare (3.6% and 5.5% of sera for IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively). The performance of the three immunoassays was similar for the detection of IgG antibodies with high sensitivity (100.00% for VIDIA, 99.59% for VIDAS, 99.38% for AxSYM) and specificity (99.04% for VIDIA, 98.82% for AxSYM, 98.57% for VIDAS). The specificity for IgM antibodies was excellent for the three immunassays (99.88% for VIDIA, 99.76% for AxSYM and VIDAS). The sensitivity of the detection of IgM antibodies was higher with VIDIA (95.12%) than with VIDAS (76.74%) and AxSYM (61.90%) assays. The correlation between IgG titers was limited between AxSYM and VIDAS assays and between AxSYM and VIDIA assays, but was excellent between VIDIA and VIDAS assays. CONCLUSIONS: Our study performed with Latin American sera confirmed the excellent specificity of AxSYM, VIDAS and VIDIA assays for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies already reported in other countries. The sensitivity of the detection of IgG antibodies was slightly higher with VIDIA than with VIDAS and AxSYM assays. The sensitivity of the detection of IgM antibodies was higher with VIDIA than with VIDAS and AxSYM assays.

Analysis of regulatory T cells and CTLA-4 expression in pregnant women according to seropositivity to Toxoplasma gondii

Parasitology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (7) ◽  
pp. 810-815
Author(s):  
Karine Rezende-Oliveira ◽  
César Gómez-Hernández ◽  
Marcos Vinicius da Silva ◽  
Fernanda Rodrigues Helmo ◽  
Virmondes Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Surface Molecules

AbstractPregnancy is considered a period in which immunomodulation occurs, although it is important for the maintenance of the foetus, could contribute to infections as Toxoplasma gondii. Immune response cells such as regulatory T cells participate in this immunomodulation, and surface molecules such as CTLA-4 develop an immunosuppressive role, could contribute to the establishment of the parasite. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of regulatory T cells and the expression of CTLA-4 in parturient and non-pregnant seropositive and seronegative for anti-T. gondii antibodies. Sixty-two participants were evaluated, 14 parturient with negative serology, 23 parturient with positive serology, 16 non-pregnant women seronegative and 9 non-pregnant women seropositive. Immunophenotyping was performed for characterize TCD4+Foxp3+ cells, T CD4+CD25-Foxp3+, TCD4+CD25highFoxp3+, TCD4+CTLA-4+, TCD4+CD25-CTLA-4+ and TCD4+CD25highCTLA-4+. We observed a lower level of CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ cells from seropositive parturient compared with seropositive non-pregnant cells. Significative levels of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ cells from seronegative pregnant were observed compared with seropositive pregnant cells. Furthermore, the higher level of CD4+CD25-CTLA-4+ cells populations was detected in seropositive pregnant cells compared with seropositive non-pregnant. Although a significant increase in CTLA-4 cells was observed in pregnant women positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies, this increase did not cause a risk of reactivation of the infection.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM antibodies among pregnant women in Oyo State, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 946-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyanda Abiodun ◽  
Oluyinka Oladele Opaleye ◽  
Olusola Ojurongbe ◽  
Ademola Hezekiah Fagbami
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Human Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction: Human parvovirus B19 causes a wide range of complications in pregnant women including abortion, severe fetal anemia, non-immune hydrops fetalis, and even intrauterine fetal death. However, there is a dearth of information on the prevalence of the virus among pregnant women in southwestern Nigeria. Methodology: Blood samples were collected from 231 pregnant women and screened for antibodies to human parvovirus B19 IgM and IgG using an enzyme immunosorbent assay kits. Results: Of the 231 women, 31 were in their first trimester, 146 were in their second trimester, and 54 were in their third trimester. Forty-five (20%) were positive for parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies, 10 (4%) were positive for parvovirus B19 IgM antibodies, and 176 (76%) had no detectable parvovirus B19 antibodies. Twenty-eight (19%) of the 146 pregnant women in their second trimester were positive for parvovirus B19 IgG antibody while three (2%) of the 146 were positive for parvovirus B19 IgM antibody. Conclusions: It is evident that there is a high prevalence of human parvovirus B19 among pregnant women in south-western Nigeria. This suggests that there is an active transmission of the virus in the community; it is therefore necessary to conduct more studies on the virus in pregnant women in Nigeria to ascertain its effect on the fetus.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence rates of Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus among first trimester pregnant women in Istanbul

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Aysegul Ozer ◽  
Mujde Canday ◽  
Aslihan Yurtkal ◽  
Ebru Alici Davutoglu ◽  
Yasam Kemal Akpak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Obstetric Clinic

Background: Toxoplasma Gondii, Rubella, and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) are the most common causes of congenital infections worldwide. There is not a consensus on these infectious agents should be screened during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of toxoplasma, rubella, and CMV infections in order to know the need for antenatal screening.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 1309 ambulatory pregnant patients who applied to the obstetric clinic of a university hospital between October 2016 and April 2018. Documents of patients in the first trimester were reviewed and serologic data of Toxoplasma gondii, CMV, Rubella infections were retrieved from the computer database.Results: Of 1309 pregnant women, positivity for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody was 352(26.9%), while 17(1.3%) of the subjects tested were positive for the anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibody. These positivities of the pregnant women for anti-Rubella IgG and IgM were 1147(87.6%) and (0.1%), respectively. These positivities of the pregnant women for anti-CMV IgG and IgM were 1163(88.8%) and 17(1.3%), respectively.Conclusions: We detected high rates of immunity against Rubella and CMV but low rates of immunity against Toxoplasma in this retrospective cohort of pregnant women. Due to high rates of seropositivity against Rubella and CMV, routine nationwide screening may not be necessary.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Arbovirus Infections among Pregnant Women at a Maternity Hospital School

10.3823/2412 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria das Neves Figueiroa ◽  
Maria Lúcia Neto de Menezes ◽  
Adrielly Martins Barbosa ◽  
Ivanise Tibúrcio Cavalcanti Silva ◽  
Estela Maria Leite Meirelles Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hospital School ◽  
Zika Fever

Objective: Survey the prevalence of arbovirus infections among pregnant women provided with care at a maternity hospital school in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, and quantitative study, carried out with data collected from the notification forms filled in during obstetric screening between August 2015 and July 2016. Results: Positive serology was found for arboviruses in 40.2% of the 103 suspected cases. Serology was not performed or it showed inconclusive results in 59.8% of the cases. Dengue fever occurred in 44% of the cases, chikungunya in 34%, and zika fever in 22%. Infections were more frequent among pregnant women over 20 years old, with low income and low schooling levels, living in Recife (48.5%) and Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil (24.3%). The most frequently mentioned symptoms were arthralgia (94%), exanthema (82%), and fever (78%). Infections occurred within the first trimester of pregnancy (54.5%), 63.3% of the pregnant women had to be hospitalized, and 45.4% of them did not undergo morphological ultrasonography. Most babies were born full-term and they had adequate weight. The prevalence of microcephaly was 9.7% when considering cases of arbovirose and 62.5% when considering specific cases of zika fever. Conclusion: The prevalence and repercussions of arboviruses justify the consolidation of actions to fight Aedes aegypti, as well as the effective deployment of clinical protocols and recommendations aimed at the mother and child care.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study in Matehuala City, Mexico

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e033995
Author(s):  
Ada-Agustina Sandoval-Carrillo ◽  
Angel Antonio Vértiz-Hernández ◽  
Jose-Manuel Salas-Pacheco ◽  
Olga Edith González-Lugo ◽  
Elizabeth-Irasema Antuna-Salcido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infection Age ◽  
Igm Antibodies

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in pregnant women in Matehuala City, Mexico; and the associated risk factors.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingMatehuala City, Mexico.Participants311 pregnant women.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSera of women were analysed for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies by commercially available immunoassays. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association between T. gondii seroprevalence and the characteristics of the pregnant women.ResultsThirteen (4.2%) of the 311 pregnant women studied were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. No anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies were found in anti-T. gondii IgG seropositive women. No association between seropositivity and history of blood transfusion, transplantation, caesarean sections, deliveries, miscarriages or number of pregnancies was found. Logistic regression analysis of sociodemographic, behavioural and housing variables showed that availability of potable water at street represented a risk factor for T. gondii infection (age-adjusted OR=2.18; 95% CI: 1.05 to 4.53; p=0.03), whereas being born in Mexico was a protective factor for infection (age-adjusted OR=0.01; 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.35; p=0.008).ConclusionsIn this first study on the seroepidemiology of T. gondii infection in pregnant women in Matehuala, we conclude that the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection is low and similar to those reported in pregnant women in other Mexican cities. However, the seroprevalence found is lower than those reported in pregnant women in other countries in the Americas and Europe. Two risk factors associated with T. gondii infection were identified. Results of the present study may help for the optimal planning of preventive measures against toxoplasmosis in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Detection of acute Toxoplasma gondii infection in early pregnancy by IgG avidity and PCR analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1495-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamshaid Iqbal ◽  
Nabila Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Avidity Test

Acute Toxoplasma gondii infection in early pregnancy carries the risk of transmitting the infection to the fetus with serious sequelae. However, serological testing for IgG/IgM anti-Toxoplasma antibodies may fail to differentiate between a recent and past infection. Two hundred and twenty-four Kuwaiti women in their first trimester were screened for IgG/IgM antibodies by the Vitek Immuno Diagnostic Assay System (VIDAS) and VIDAS IgG-avidity tests. On serological screening, 119 (53.1 %) women were positive for IgG antibodies and 31 (13.8 %) for IgM antibodies. Nine of the IgM-positive and 7 IgM-negative women had low-avidity antibodies. However, the IgG-avidity test detected low-avidity antibodies only in 9 (29 %) of the 31 IgM-positive women, suggesting a recent infection; 19 (61.3 %) women had high-avidity antibodies, indicating that the infection was acquired in the distant past. Based on IgM serology alone, at least 31 IgM-positive women may have been wrongly labelled as having acute Toxoplasma infection thus warranting appropriate therapeutic intervention. All the 19 IgM-positive women with high-avidity antibodies were confirmed negative for Toxoplasma DNA on PCR analysis. Compared with PCR analysis, the VIDAS avidity test was a helpful tool for the diagnosis of recent Toxoplasma infection in IgM-negative women with low-avidity antibodies and IgM-positive women with high-avidity antibodies; the specificity was >85 –100 %. It is concluded that the VIDAS avidity test when used in combination with VIDAS IgG/IgM tests is a valuable assay for the exclusion of ongoing or recently acquired T. gondii infection in pregnant women in their first trimester and that it decreases significantly the necessity for follow-up testing and unnecessary therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women and their newborn infants in the region of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinara de Cássia Brandão de Mattos ◽  
Lígia Cosentino Junqueira Franco Spegiorin ◽  
Cristina da Silva Meira ◽  
Thaís da Costa Silva ◽  
Ana Iara da Costa Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Igg Avidity

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Toxoplasmosis transmission during pregnancy can cause severe sequelae in fetuses and newborns. Maternal antibodies may be indicators of risk or immunity. The aim here was to evaluate seropositivity for anti-Toxoplasma gondii (anti-T. gondii) immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and IgG avidity in pregnant women and their newborn infants. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a high-risk pregnancy outpatient clinic. METHODS: Serum samples from pregnant women (n = 87) and their respective newborns (n = 87) were evaluated for anti-T. gondii antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) (IgM and IgG), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (IgG) and an avidity test. RESULTS: Anti-T. gondii antibodies were identified in 64.4% of the serum samples from the mothers and their infants (56/87). Except for two maternal serum samples (2.3%), all others were negative for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies, using IIF. The results showed that 92.9% of the pregnant women had high IgG avidity indexes (> 30%) and four samples had avidity indexes between 16 and 30%. Two women in the third trimester of pregnancy were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies; their babies had avidity indexes between 16 and 30%. The avidity indexes of serum from the other 83 newborns were similar to the results from their mothers. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that 2% of the pregnant women were at risk of T. gondii transmission during the gestational period. These data seem to reflect the real situation of gestational toxoplasmosis in the northwestern region of the state of São Paulo.

scholarly journals Distribution of Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG antibody seropositivity among age groups and gestational periods in pregnant women

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahida Sadiqui ◽  
Syed Rafiq Hussain Shah ◽  
Babiker Saad Almugadam ◽  
Qismat Shakeela ◽  
Shehzad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Serologic Marker ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acute Toxoplasmosis

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a globally distributed parasitic disease. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence and geographic distribution of toxoplasmosis as well as determine the percentage of toxoplasmosis-associated IgM and IgG seropositivity among different age groups. In addition, it aimed to estimate the proportion of toxoplasma IgM seropositivity among pregnancy trimesters. Methods: A total of 500 pregnant women were included in this study. From each participant, a 5-ml venous blood sample was collected and centrifuged to obtain serum that was tested for Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG antibodies using immunochromatographic testing and ELISA. Results: The overall seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 24.8%. Out of the total of 500 participants, only 8% had a serological marker of acute toxoplasmosis). There is a statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence of disease among the study areas. Amongst positive cases of every trimester, 54.34% of first trimester positive cases had a serologic marker for acute toxoplasmosis.  Conclusions: In this study, there is a high prevalence of toxoplasmosis. Therefore, it is necessary to test every pregnant woman for toxoplasmosis and distinguish the type of infection, as well as the conduction of public health education programs to generate the awareness.

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