Prevalence of Arbovirus Infections among Pregnant Women at a Maternity Hospital School

Objective: Survey the prevalence of arbovirus infections among pregnant women provided with care at a maternity hospital school in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, and quantitative study, carried out with data collected from the notification forms filled in during obstetric screening between August 2015 and July 2016. Results: Positive serology was found for arboviruses in 40.2% of the 103 suspected cases. Serology was not performed or it showed inconclusive results in 59.8% of the cases. Dengue fever occurred in 44% of the cases, chikungunya in 34%, and zika fever in 22%. Infections were more frequent among pregnant women over 20 years old, with low income and low schooling levels, living in Recife (48.5%) and Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil (24.3%). The most frequently mentioned symptoms were arthralgia (94%), exanthema (82%), and fever (78%). Infections occurred within the first trimester of pregnancy (54.5%), 63.3% of the pregnant women had to be hospitalized, and 45.4% of them did not undergo morphological ultrasonography. Most babies were born full-term and they had adequate weight. The prevalence of microcephaly was 9.7% when considering cases of arbovirose and 62.5% when considering specific cases of zika fever. Conclusion: The prevalence and repercussions of arboviruses justify the consolidation of actions to fight Aedes aegypti, as well as the effective deployment of clinical protocols and recommendations aimed at the mother and child care.

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Antibiotic Prescriptions among China Ambulatory Care Visits of Pregnant Women: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10050601 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 601

Author(s):

Houyu Zhao ◽

Mei Zhang ◽

Jiaming Bian ◽

Siyan Zhan

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Ambulatory Care ◽

National Level ◽

Mainland China ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

First Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fetal Safety ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Background: Antibiotic use in pregnant women at the national level has rarely been reported in China. Objectives: We aimed to investigate antibiotic prescriptions during pregnancy in ambulatory care settings in China. Methods: Data of 4,574,961 ambulatory care visits of pregnant women from October 2014 to April 2018 were analyzed. Percentages of Antibiotic prescriptions by different subgroups and various diagnosis categories and proportions of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for different subgroups were estimated. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pregnancy categories were used to describe the antibiotic prescription patterns. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Clopper––Pearson method or Goodman method. Results: Among the 4,574,961 outpatient visits during pregnancy, 2.0% (92,514 visits; 95% CI, 2.0–2.0%) were prescribed at least one antibiotic. The percentage of antibiotic prescriptions for pregnant women aged >40 years was 4.9% (95% CI, 4.7–5.0%), whereas that for pregnant women aged 26–30 years was 1.5% (95% CI, 1.4–1.5%). In addition, percentages of antibiotic prescriptions varied among different trimesters of pregnancy, which were 5.4% (95% CI, 5.3–5.4%) for the visits in the first trimester of pregnancy and 0.5% (95% CI, 0.4–0.5%) in the third trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, the percentages of antibiotic prescriptions substantially varied among different diagnosis categories and nearly three-quarters of antibiotic prescriptions had no clear indications and thus might be inappropriate. In total, 130,308 individual antibiotics were prescribed; among these, 60.4% (95% CI, 60.0–60.8%) belonged to FDA category B, 2.7% (95% CI, 2.1–3.5%) were classified as FDA category D and 16.8% (95% CI, 16.2–17.4%) were not assigned any FDA pregnancy category. Conclusions: Antibiotic prescriptions in ambulatory care during pregnancy were not highly prevalent in mainland China. However, a substantial proportion of antibiotics might have been prescribed without adequate indications. Antibiotics whose fetal safety has not been sufficiently illustrated were widely used in pregnant women.

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Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Root Extract During Pregnancy: A Clinical Feasibility Study

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-1386-8848 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gert Maria Laekeman ◽

Kristel Van Calsteren ◽

Roland Devlieger ◽

Ekaterina Sarafanova ◽

Jonice Van Limbeek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

First Trimester ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Root Extract ◽

Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽

Mother And Child ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

AbstractThere is almost no experience with concentrated ginger extracts during pregnancy. The purpose of this trial was to include 50 pregnant women in a clinical feasibility study with EXT.GR10, a 10 × concentrated ethanolic extract of ginger root. The primary objective was to detect complications in the mother during pregnancy and malformations or complications in the newborn at delivery. The secondary purpose was to evaluate the satisfaction of the patients. In total, 51 pregnant women were included in this observational study. They could freely use ginger tablets with a maximum of 2 tablets of 50 mg EXT.GR10 a day in case of gastrointestinal discomfort. Tablets were taken by 44 patients. Stillbirth, prematurity, hypertension, and gestational diabetes occurred. There were no serious complications at birth. In the newborn, 4 cases of dysplasia of the hip were seen and 2 minor malformations. There was no relation between events affecting mother and child and the number of EXT.GR10 tablets taken. About ⅔ of patients appreciated the effects of ginger. This is the first clinical study with the EXT.GR10 extract. Based on this feasibility study, a follow-up clinical trial is planned with a fixed minimum of exposure to EXT.GR10 during the first trimester of pregnancy.

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Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH) in the First Trimester of Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital

10.53350/pjmhs211581855 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1855-1857

Author(s):

Israr-Ul- Haq ◽

Junaid Mushtaq ◽

Atiq Ahmad ◽

Waqas Mahmood ◽

Mujtaba Hasan Siddiqui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Neonatal Death ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

First Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Aim: To evaluate and assess the prevalence along with its related complications of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant ladies during the 1st trimester of pregnancy in Pakistani population. Study design: Cross sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Medicine, Unit-1 of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from 11th February 2019 to 29th December 2019. Methodology: Four hundred and fifty seven pregnant women with a gestational age up to 12th week with an age group between 18-45 years were included in this study. Blood samples were collected for free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone levels. Patients were regularly followed at an interval of 4 weeks for their entire pregnancy period. Adverse events and complications were noted. Results: One hundred and sixty nine subjects had TSH levels above the normal range i.e., 4.6-10mIU/L. 288 subjects were having TSH below 4 mIU/L levels. The overall prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) was found to be 37% in pregnant women during their first trimester of pregnancy. Pregnant women having subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) were having higher risks of loss of pregnancy, abruptio placentae and neonatal death rates as compared to euthyroid pregnant women. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in the first trimester of pregnancy indicates that these women are at increased risks of loss of pregnancy, placental abruption and neonatal death as compared to euthyroid pregnant women. Keywords: First trimester; pregnancy; subclinical hypothyroidism

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Exploring Relationships Among Psychosocial Status, Dietary Quality, and Measures of Placental Development During the First Trimester in Low-Income Women

Biological Research For Nursing ◽

10.1177/1099800410378733 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 70-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Eileen R. Fowles ◽

Christina Murphey ◽

Roberta Jeanne Ruiz

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Low Income ◽

Emotional Eating ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

First Trimester ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Placental Development ◽

Cross Sectional

Purpose: To examine the relationships between maternal psychosocial factors and dietary quality and explore the relationships among dietary quality and selected biomarkers of nutrition and placental development. Method: A cross-sectional design in 18 low-income, pregnant women. Results: Partner support was positively related to vegetable intake (r = .54) and negatively related to intake of iron (r = -.68) and grains (r = -.67). Emotional eating in response to anger was negatively related to intake of iron-(r /it> = -.53) and folate-rich (r = -.75) foods, and emotional eating in response to anxiety was negatively related to intake of folate-rich foods (r = -.51). Depressed women had an increased intake of calcium-rich foods (r = .60). Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were negatively related to depression (r = -.56) and intake of foods high in calcium (r = -.53) and iron (r = -.34) but positively related to serum calcium levels (r = .60). VEGF was negatively relationship to soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1; r = -.56). Placental growth factor had a negative relationship with maternal serum levels of albumin (r = -.61) and calcium (r = -.65). Conclusions: Low-income pregnant women who eat to cope with anger and anxiety may have an inadequate intake of nutrients that contribute to positive pregnancy outcomes. Placental development in the early weeks of pregnancy may be influenced by maternal psychosocial and nutritional status. More research is needed to explore the relationship of dietary quality and placental development in the first trimester of pregnancy.

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Antenatal care booking within the first trimester of pregnancy and its associated factors among pregnant women residing in an urban area: a cross-sectional study in Debre Berhan town, Ethiopia

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032960 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e032960 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tufa Kolola ◽

Wogene Morka ◽

Bayisa Abdissa

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Associated Factors ◽

First Trimester ◽

School Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Debre Berhan ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess antenatal care (ANC) booking within the first trimester of pregnancy and its associated factors among urban dwellers of pregnant women in Debre Berhan town, Ethiopia.DesignCross-sectional.SettingPublic and private health facilities that provide ANC services in Debre Berhan town.Outcome measureFirst ANC booking within the first trimester of pregnancy.ParticipantsUrban dwellers of pregnant women in Debre Berhan town (n=384).ResultsA total of 387 pregnant women in Debre Berhan town were selected for this study, of which 384 responded giving a response rate of 99.2%. The proportion of pregnant women who had ANC booking within the first trimester of pregnancy was 156 (40.6%; 95% CI: 35.8% to 45.6%). In the multivariable analysis, the odds of first ANC booking within the first trimester was higher among pregnant women who had secondary school (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.84; 95% CI: 1.10 to 3.19) and more than secondary level of education (AOR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.27 to 4.03) compared with those who had less than a secondary school level of education. Pregnant women who have any ill health with their current pregnancy (AOR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.21 to 3.27) were more likely to start booking within the first trimester than their counterparts. The odds of ANC booking within the first trimester was threefold higher among women with knowledge of ANC (AOR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.52 to 6.11) compared with their counterparts.ConclusionFirst ANC booking within the first trimester was found to be low among urban dwellers of Debre Berhan town. Secondary school and more educational level, having ill health during early pregnancy and women’s knowledge about ANC services were statistically associated with ANC booking within the first trimester of pregnancy. Therefore, improving ANC booking according to the WHO recommendation requires due attention. Further qualitative research exploring why early ANC booking remains low among urban dwellers is important to design intervention modalities.

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Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Measures on Nausea and Vomiting during First Trimester of Pregnancy

Evidence-Based Nursing Research ◽

10.47104/ebnrojs3.v3i4.225 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Asmaa I. Marak ◽

Mona A. El-Sheikh ◽

Eman M. S. Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

First Trimester ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Herbal Therapy ◽

Sample Mean ◽

Significant Difference ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Context: Nausea and vomiting are the most common pregnancy symptoms that negatively affect many pregnant women. Severity varies from mild distaste for certain foods to more severe vomiting. Aim: The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of applying evidence-based measures on nausea and vomiting during the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods: A quasi-experimental (pre/post-test) design was used. The study was conducted at the antenatal clinics at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. A purposive sample of forty-seven pregnant women was included in this study. All women received the evidence-based intervention. Data were collected using three tools. A structured interviewing questionnaire, pregnancy symptoms inventory (PSI), and weekly follow-up record. In addition to Arabic Evidence-based guide for alleviating nausea and vomiting during the first trimester of pregnancy. All pregnant women that suffered from nausea and vomiting followed the evidence-based guidelines designed by the researcher that involved instructions related to lifestyle modification. Besides, one of the following: herbal therapy, acupressure, and aromatherapy to relieve nausea and vomiting. Results: The study sample mean age was 28.1±6.42, with a mean gestational age of 9.43 ±3.88. 72% of them used nothing to overcome nausea and vomiting, while 18% used medication, and only 10% used a lifestyle modification before intervention. All women adopt lifestyle modification; 72.3% use herbal therapy after the intervention. The present study demonstrates a highly significant difference between responses before and after the intervention related to nausea and vomiting (p 0.004). There is a significant association between the evidence-based measure used and the relief of nausea and vomiting at p<0.01. Conclusion: The current study concluded that evidence-based measures positively alleviated nausea and vomiting during the first trimester of pregnancy. A leaflet or booklet about evidence-based measures for alleviating minor discomforts during pregnancy as a hospital protocol for guiding nurses in the application is strongly recommended.

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Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Ibu Hamil Dengan Kejadian Mual Muntah Pada Kehamilan Trimester Pertama Di Poskesdes Ampalu Kota Pariaman Bidan Helfiati, Amd. Keb.

Jurnal Surya Medika ◽

10.33084/jsm.v6i1.1620 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 70-76

Author(s):

Rika Armalini ◽

Prasetyaningsih Prasetyaningsih

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Health Workers ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

First Trimester ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Nausea, vomiting in pregnancy is physiological that occurs in the first trimester, which starts 6 weeks after the first day of the last menstrual period, and disappears 6-12 weeks later. The report shows that almost 50-90% of pregnant women experience it. Nausea, vomiting if not treated can cause severe dehydration until poisoning occurs. The purpose of this study was to link the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women with the occurrence of nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy in the Poskesdes Ampalu Midwife Helfiati, Amd. Keb. The study was conducted in July 2019. This type of research is analytic survey research with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all pregnant women who visited Helfiati Amd.Keb polindes as many as 40 pregnant women with a total sampling technique. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate by computerized statistical tests using SPSS Ver. 17 with a significance level α = 0.05 and a degree of confidence of 95%. The results of the univariate analysis showed that 52.5% of mothers experienced nausea, vomiting, 62.5% of low-knowledge mothers and 42.5% of mothers were negative about how to deal with nausea and vomiting. there is a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0,000) and attitude (p = 0,000) with the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy in the Poskesdes Ampalu Midwife Helfiati, Amd.Keb 2019. The results of this study can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude with the occurrence of nausea, vomiting. With this research it is expected that health workers provide IEC services and improve health care counseling in an effort to increase the knowledge of pregnant women about how to cope with nausea, and also expect mothers to be more active in seeking information about physiological complaints during pregnancy, especially how to deal with nausea vomiting by following counseling activities held by health workers so that in the future more knowledge from mothers.

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Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in first trimester of pregnancy.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.11.4495 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (11) ◽

pp. 2474-2477

Author(s):

Kashif Ali Khan ◽

Muhammad Saleem Akhter ◽

Kehkashan Fatima ◽

Muhammad Waqar Saleem

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Neonatal Death ◽

Placental Abruption ◽

First Trimester ◽

Free T4 ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Death Rates ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Tsh Levels

Objectives: The prime objective of this study was to evaluate and asses the prevalence and related complications of SCH in pregnant ladies in their 1st trimester of pregnancy in Pakistani population. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Medicine, Teaching Hospital, DG Khan, Pakistan. Period: 11th February 2017 to 29th December 2018. Material & Methods: We obtained informed consent from all patients. 457 pregnant ladies having last missed period till 12th week with age group between 18-45 years were included in this study. Samples were collected for T4 (Thyroxine), TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) and T3 (Triiodothyronine). Patients were followed for their entire pregnancy period. Adverse events and complications were noted. Results: Out of 457 patients who were included in our study, 169 subjects had TSH levels well above 4.6- 10 mIU/L. 288 subjects were having TSH levels below 4 mIU/L. The overall prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) was found to be 37% in pregnant women during their first trimester of pregnancy. Pregnant women having subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) were having higher risks of loss of pregnancy, placental abruption and neonatal death rates as compared to euthyroid pregnant women. Conclusion: Our study concludes that overall prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in Pakistani pregnant women during their first trimester of pregnancy was found to be 37%. Pregnant women having subclinical hypothyroidisms (SCH) were having higher risks of loss of pregnancy, placental abruption and neonatal death rates as compared to euthyroid pregnant women. In the light of these findings we recommend routine screening for TSH, free T3 and free T4 during pregnancy especially during 1st trimester of pregnancy.

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Relationship between Gravidity and Severity of Emesis Gravidarum in Trimester I Pregnant Women at PMB Fatimatu Zahrok Midwifery Care, Kediri, East Java

Childhood Stunting, Wasting, and Obesity, as the Critical Global Health Issues: Forging Cross-Sectoral Solutions ◽

10.26911/the7thicph.03.77 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rahma Kusuma Dewi ◽

◽

Halimatus Saidah ◽

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

First Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Midwifery Care ◽

First Trimester Pregnancy ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACT Background: Emesis gravidarum or nausea and vomiting has commonly occurred during pregnancy. However, excessive nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy have a potentially adverse effect on pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between gravidity and severity of emesis gravidarum in women with first-trimester of pregnancy at PMB Fatimatu Zahrok Midwifery Care, Kediri, East Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at PMB Fatimatu Zahrok Midwifery Care, Kediri, East Java, from July to August 2020. A sample of 32 women with first-trimester of pregnancy was selected for this study. The dependent variable was severity of emesis gravidarum categorized into mild to moderate and severe. The independent variable was the number of gravidities categorized into primigravida and multigravida. The data were collected using questionnaire. The data were analyzed by chi-square. Results: Multigravida reduced the severity of emesis gravidarum (OR= 0.14; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.85; p= 0.034). Conclusion: Multigravida reduces the severity of emesis gravidarum in women with first-trimester pregnancy. Keywords: emesis gravidarum, first trimester, gravidity, severity, pregnant women Correspondence: Rahma Kusuma Dewi. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Kadiri. Jl. Selomangleng No 1, Kediri, East Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281229440101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.77

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Prevalence of obesity among Bangladeshi pregnant women at their first trimester of pregnancy

Central Asian Journal of Global Health ◽

10.5195/cajgh.2013.70 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Shatabdi Goon

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Weight Status ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Recurrent Miscarriage ◽

First Trimester ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity

BACKGROUND: Paradoxically, the escalating global epidemic of maternal obesity coexists with malnutrion in many areas of Bangladesh. This proves a major challenge to obstetric practice from preconception to postpartum due to related comorbid conditions including: maternal death or severe morbidity, gestational diabetes and hypertension, increased risk of early and recurrent miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, thromboembolism, post-caesarean wound infection, postpartum haemorrhage, and low breastfeeding rates. A dramatic increase in birth defects and other pregnancy-induced disorders related to maternal obesity has added millions of dollars to health care costs leading great economical loss to the country.OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to determine the prevalence of obesity among Bangladeshi pregnant women in their 1st trimester of pregnancy.STUDY DESIGN: 426 pregnant women presenting to the antenatal care until of Azimpur maternity hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh were randomly selected for this cross sectional study to determine their weight status using body mass index (BMI, kg/m2).RESULT: 90 (21.2%) pregnant women were reported as obese with pregnancy BMI of >30 kg/m2. 171 (40.1%) and140 (32.8%) pregnant women were reported as overweight and healthy with pregnancy BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2 and 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, respectively.Statistical analysis revealed obesity and overweight status were found to be significantly associated with age; women aged 31 or above were more likely to be obese (OR=2.5; 95% CI 1.53–3.96) and overweight (OR=3.3; 95% CI 2.15–4.99).CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence of increasing trends in obesity among Bangladeshi pregnant women, which poses possible health risks both for mother and child. The findings of this study may act as baseline data for monitoring the effectiveness of national programs for the prevention and control of maternal obesity.

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