scholarly journals Health Risk in Hot Springs: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Chaterine Rahel ◽  
Retno Adriyani ◽  
Hernanda Arie Nurfitria
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Legionella Pneumonia ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare

Natural hot spring is one of the recreational water. The public used it for recreation, relaxation, and therapy. The water quality should meet standards, such as free from microorganisms to prevent the onset of health complaints. This paper aimed to identify the pathogenic microorganisms and recreational water illness in natural hot spring users from worldwide studies. Method: This systematic review analysis use PRISMA Protocol as a guide to provide this article and PEO Framework to specified the criteria. Various database used to find those article is NCBI, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. In total of 10 eligible articles to analyse from 2010 -2020. Discussion: The result showed that hot spring users experienced health complaints after using hot springs contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. The microorganisms identified were Naegleria spp, Naegleria fowleri, Legionella pneumophila, Vittaforma corneae, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Complex (MAC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium phocaicum. Recreation water illnesses identified were Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), Legionella pneumonia, Pseudomonas foliculitis, Pseudomonas mastitis, Microsporidial keratitis, Hot tub lung (HTL), and P. aeruginosa pneumonia. Besides the water quality, age, comorbid, and frequency of visiting hot springs were risk factors of recreational water illness. Conclusion: The onset of recreational water illness in users of hot springs was influenced by the quality of water microbiology and age.

scholarly journals Characterization ofLegionella pneumophilaIsolated from Environmental Water and Ashiyu Foot Spa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Tachibana ◽  
Masaya Nakamoto ◽  
Yui Kimura ◽  
Takashi Shimizu ◽  
Masahisa Watarai
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Intracellular Growth ◽  
Environmental Waters ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Or Genes ◽  
Infectious Source

Hot springs are the most common infectious source ofLegionella pneumophilain Japan. However, little is known about the association betweenL. pneumophilaand environmental waters other than hot springs. In this study, water samples from 22 environmental water sites were surveyed; of the 22 samples, five wereL. pneumophilapositive (23%).L. pneumophilawas mainly isolated from ashiyu foot spas, a type of hot spring for the feet (3/8, 38%). These isolates had genetic loci or genes that encoded the virulence factors ofL. pneumophila. Moreover, these isolates showed higher intracellular growth and stronger cytotoxicity compared with the reference strain. These results suggest that ashiyu foot spa can be the original source forL. pneumophilainfection.

Field observations and management strategy for hot spring wastewater in Wulai area, Taiwan

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2309-2316
Author(s):  
J. Y. Lin ◽  
C. F. Chen ◽  
F. R. Lei ◽  
C. D. Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Treatment Equipment ◽  
Different Seasons

Hot springs are important centers for recreation and tourism. However, the pollution that may potentially be caused by hot spring wastewater has rarely been discussed. More than half of Taiwan's hot springs are located in areas where the water quality of water bodies is to be protected, and untreated wastewater could pollute the receiving water bodies. In this study, we investigate hot spring wastewater in the Wulai area, one of Taiwan's famous hot spring resorts. Used water from five hot spring hotels was sampled and ten sampling events were carried out to evaluate the changes in the quality of used water in different seasons, at different periods of the week, and from different types of hotels. The concentrations of different pollutants in hot spring wastewater were found to exhibit wide variations, as follows: COD, 10–250 mg/L; SS, N.D.−93 mg/L; NH3-N, 0.01–1.93 mg/L; TP, 0.01–0.45 mg/L; and E. coli, 10–27,500 CFU/100 mL. The quality of hot spring wastewater depends on the operation of public pools, because this affects the frequency of supplementary fresh water and the outflow volume. Two management strategies, namely, onsite treatment systems and individually packaged treatment equipment, are considered, and a multi-objective optimization model is used to determine the optimal strategy.

scholarly journals Comfortable and dermatological effects of hot spring bathing provide demonstrative insight into improvement in the rough skin of Capybaras

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo Inaka ◽  
Tohru Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to clarify dermatologically the favorable effects of hot spring bathing on the rough skin in Capybaras. Non-volcanic hot springs used in this study showed alkaline quality of water (pH 9.3), containing sodium and chloride ions. The normal skin in Capybaras was characterized by the presence of relatively thick epidermis with mild alkaline state (pH 8.26). The dorsal skin had melanin granules in the basal layer. Their rough skin affected in the Japanese cold winter was improved by daily bathing in an alkaline hot spring. The skin properties returned to the normal skin conditions (moisture, melanin and erythema values) observed in the summer. The facial expression mainly changes in the eyes was scored to evaluate comfortable status. The comfortable status during hot spring bathing significantly increased as compared with that observed before bathing (p < 0.01). The thermography revealed a heat retention effect of body temperature after hot spring bathing for 30 min. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that hot spring had significantly comfortable and dermatological effects on the basis of evaluation for the skin and body conditions in Capybaras.

scholarly journals Study on Geoheritage and Water Quality of Pos Hendrop Hot Spring, Lojing Highlands, Kelantan, Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-232
Author(s):  
Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin ◽  
Zurfarahin Zulkarnain ◽  
Nur Syazwani Md Fadilah ◽  
Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan ◽  
Arham Muchtar Achmad Bahar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Class V ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Class Iib ◽  
Field Works

Pos Hendrop hot spring is one of the hot springs in Lojing Highlands, in the state ofKelantan, Malaysia. The hot spring is located within the Main Range Granite and isamong the hottest hot spring in Malaysia. The aim of this paper is to discuss geoheritagepotentials and water quality of this hot spring. Desk study was carried out by reviewingsome literatures related to the topic and the study area. Field works were organized in January and August 2014 to collect data, samples, and photographs. This site hasgeoheritage values such as scientific, aesthetic, recreational, functional, and economicvalues. The in-situ water quality analysis which was conducted in 2014 during the dryand rainy seasons in Kelantan (January and August 2014) generally shows that the waterqualit y in t he measurement p oint s of t he hot sp ring area ranges from “ Class IIB” t o “Class V” based on t he Int erim Nat ional Wat er Qualit y St andard (INWQS) for M alay sia. T hishot spring also shows a good potential to attract the interests of geoscientists and generalpublic to visit the area. Some specific tourism and recreational activities can be done inthe site such as eggs boiling, bathing and heating, hot spring therapy, and skin treatment.It is recommended that this hot spring should be conserved and developed properly as a potential geoheritage site and for a sustainable geotourism development in LojingHighlands.

scholarly journals Distribution of Sequence-Based Types of Legionella pneumophila Serogroup 1 Strains Isolated from Cooling Towers, Hot Springs, and Potable Water Systems in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 2150-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Qin ◽  
Haijian Zhou ◽  
Hongyu Ren ◽  
Hong Guan ◽  
Machao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Cooling Towers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

ABSTRACTLegionella pneumophilaserogroup 1 causes Legionnaires' disease. Water systems contaminated withLegionellaare the implicated sources of Legionnaires' disease. This study analyzedL. pneumophilaserogroup 1 strains in China using sequence-based typing. Strains were isolated from cooling towers (n= 96), hot springs (n= 42), and potable water systems (n= 26). Isolates from cooling towers, hot springs, and potable water systems were divided into 25 sequence types (STs; index of discrimination [IOD], 0.711), 19 STs (IOD, 0.934), and 3 STs (IOD, 0.151), respectively. The genetic variation among the potable water isolates was lower than that among cooling tower and hot spring isolates. ST1 was the predominant type, accounting for 49.4% of analyzed strains (n= 81), followed by ST154. With the exception of two strains, all potable water isolates (92.3%) belonged to ST1. In contrast, 53.1% (51/96) and only 14.3% (6/42) of cooling tower and hot spring, respectively, isolates belonged to ST1. There were differences in the distributions of clone groups among the water sources. The comparisons amongL. pneumophilastrains isolated in China, Japan, and South Korea revealed that similar clones (ST1 complex and ST154 complex) exist in these countries. In conclusion, in China, STs had several unique allelic profiles, and ST1 was the most prevalent sequence type of environmentalL. pneumophilaserogroup 1 isolates, similar to its prevalence in Japan and South Korea.

scholarly journals STUDI IDENTIFIKASI KUALITAS AIR DAN JENIS IKAN AIR TAWAR DI SUMBER AIR PANAS DESA NYELANDING KABUPATEN BANGKA SELATAN SEBAGAI DASAR PENGELOLAAN POTENSI KAWASAN AIR PANAS UNTUK KEGIATAN PERIKANAN DAN WISATA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Gustomi ◽  
M. Rizza Muftiadi ◽  
Wahyu Adi ◽  
Arthur M Farhaby
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Water Quality Parameters

Hot springs in Nyelanding Village, South Bangka Regency, have the potential of geothermal resources that can be used as a potential energy source, moreover found several types of freshwater fish that utilize these hot springs as their natural habitat. The objectives of this study are to identify the water quality and diversity of freshwater fish species in the hot spring area of Nyelanding Village, South Bangka Regency; analyze the feasibility of water quality for fisheries and tourism activities; and analyzing fish growth patterns found at these locations. The results showed that there were two types of fish found in the hot springs of Nyelanding Village, which were Gabus Fish (Channa striata) and Sepat Fish (Trichogaster trichopterus). There are 6 hot water quality parameters Village Nyelanding included in standard class II PP 82 of 2001 include pH, COD, TSS, TDS, Nitrate and Total fospat, two parameters are not required (depth and ammonia), one parameter (temperature ) not in normal natural waters. The growth pattern of Gabus Fish in the hot water of Nyelanding Village is negative allometric with a growth coefficient of 2.076. In general, based on the analysis of water quality parameters, the Nyelanding Village hot water is suitable for biota life as well as aquaculture activities and tourist areas. For aquaculture, the recommended type of fish is eurythermal. However, their habit of draining the hot water pool Village Nyelanding made towards development of the area is less recommended for fishing activity, but preferably as a tourist area.

scholarly journals Literature Review: Water Quality of Public Bathing, Potential Health Problems and Water Borne Diseases on Visitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Ummi Sholichatur Rachma ◽  
Retno Adriyani ◽  
Zida Husnina ◽  
Shofiyah Salma Farumi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Public Baths ◽  
Water Borne

Introduction: Recreational Water Illnesses (RWIs) are diseases caused by pathogenic contaminants and harmful chemicals spread through direct contact with contaminated recreational water. Between 2011-2012, 1,700 cases caused by recreational water or Recreational Water Illness (RWIs) were recorded by the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This study aims to analyzed the quality of water in public baths and the health problems based on current discussions of the previously published research. Discussion: This study was a literature review conducted by searching, selecting, synthesizing, and studying existing scientific articles and papers relevant to the topics discussed. These articles and papers were then objectively summarized and critically analyzed. There were 11 articles included (articles with appropriate topics published after 2010, original, systematic, and those located in Asia and Europe). This study found that the quality of water was an indicator key of health problems in public bathing. It caused various kinds of diseases such as disorders in the digestive system and respiratory as well as irritations in the skin, eye, and ear. Conclusion: This study concluded that water quality is crucial to several health problems complained about by public baths visitors. Future research is expected to use systematic literature review and meta-analysis methods to provide more solid scientific evidence based on the strong relationship between variables.Literature Review: Water Quality of Public Bathing, Potential Health Problems and Water Borne Diseases on Visitors

Spatial and Temporal variation analysis of water quality of Hemavathi River, Karnataka, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Santhosh K. M ◽  
S. Prashanth
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Pollution Loading ◽  
Origin Point

Urban development, agricultural runoff and industrialization have contributed pollution loading on the environment.  In this study Hemavathi river water from a stretch from its origin point to its sangama was studied for pollution load by determining parameters of water quality like pH, Alkalinity,  Ca, Mg, Nitrate, TDS, BOD, COD , and the results were compared with WHO and BIS standards to draw final conclusion on the quality of water.

Анализ «Методики разработки нормативов допустимых сбросов веществ и микроорганизмов в водные объекты для водопользователей» в общем контексте водоохранного законодательства (в порядке обсуждения)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Saakian ◽  
Aleksandr, Grigor’ev ◽  
E. Kravets ◽  
E. Rudakov ◽  
A. Faddeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
The Impact

Выполнен анализ действующей редакции Методики разработки нормативов допустимых сбросов веществ и микроорганизмов в водные объекты для водопользователей , утвержденной приказом Минприроды России от 17 декабря 2007 г. 333, на предмет непротиворечивости и соответствия нормам водоохранного законодательства. Выявлена неопределенность применения Методики в условиях воздействия на качество воды природных и антропогенных факторов, не зависящих от конкретного водопользователя. Положения Методики противоречат принципам нормирования воздействия на водные объекты на основе наилучших доступных технологий, что было показано на примерах утвержденных технологических показателей содержания загрязняющих веществ в сточных водах различных отраслей промышленности. Анализ системы нормирования допустимых воздействий на водные объекты и географической дифференциации нормативов качества воды в пределах Российской Федерации вместе с системой целевых показателей качества воды также показал несоответствие Методики основным принципам водоохранного законодательства.The analysis of the current edition of the Methods of developing standards for permissible discharges of substances and microorganisms into water bodies for water users , approved by the Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia dated December 17, 2007 No. 333 for consilience and compliance with the regulations of the water protection legislation, is carried out. Uncertainty of the application of the Methods in the conditions of the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors that are independent of a specific water user on the quality of water has been identified. The provisions of the Methods contradict the principles of regulating the impact on water bodies based on the best available technologies shown on the examples of approved process indicators of the concentrations of various industrial pollutants in wastewater. An analysis of the system of regulating the permissible impact on water bodies and the geographical differentiation of water quality standards within the boundaries of the Russian Federation, together with the system of water quality targets, also showed that the Methods do not comply with the basic principles of the water protection legislation.

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