scholarly journals Penelitian-Penelitian Tentang Timbulan Limbah B3 Medis dan Rumah Tangga Selama Bencana Pandemic Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Prihartanto Prihartanto
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Infectious Waste ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Abstract The generation of medical and municipal waste during the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to become a medium for spreading the virus if it is not handled properly. The lack of information regarding the generation of medical and the effectiveness of handling infectious waste is one of the factors that influence the handling of Covid-19 hazardous waste. In this study, a literature review will be presented regarding several studies on the generation of Covid-19 medical hazardous waste that have been carried out in several developing and developed countries from December 2019 to mid-2020. In addition, a comparison of the handling of infectious municipal waste in developing and developed countries will be presented in this paper during a pandemic. It is hoped that this research can be used as a reference for further research on the generation of hazardous medical waste and handling municipal-scale infectious waste due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Covid-19, hazardous waste, waste generation, medical waste, municipal waste Abstrak Timbulan limbah medis dan rumah tangga pada masa pandemi COVID-19, berpotensi menjadi media penyebaran virus bila tidak ditangani dengan benar. Minimnya infomasi mengenai timbulan limbah medis dan efektivitas penanganan limbah infeksius menjadi salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap penanganan limbah B3 Covid-19 ini. Dalam kajian ini akan disampaikan tinjauan pustaka mengenai beberapa penelitian tentang timbulan limbah medis B3 Covid-19 yang pernah dilakukan dibeberapa negara berkembang dan negara maju sejak Desember 2019 hingga pertengahan 2020. Disamping itu dalam makalah ini akan dipaparkan perbandingan penanganan limbah infeksius rumah tangga di negara berkembang dan negara maju selama terjadi pandemik. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu rujukan bagi penelitian lanjutan tentang timbulan limbah medis B3 serta penanganan limbah infeksius skala rumah tangga akibat pandemik Covid-19. Kata kunci: Covid-19, limbah beracun dan berbahaya, timbulan limbah, limbah medis, limbah rumah tangga

scholarly journals HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C prevalence among patients with mental illness: a review of the literature

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (suppl 4) ◽  
pp. s607-s620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenza Nogueira Campos ◽  
Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães ◽  
Ricardo Andrade Carmo ◽  
Ana Paula Souto Melo ◽  
Helian Nunes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chronic Mental Illness ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

A limited number of studies worldwide have investigated the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C infection among psychiatric patients. However, prevalence of these infections in the population with chronic mental illness has not been clearly established. Most of the published papers are from developed countries and have derived from relatively small and non-representative samples. We performed a systematic review of the published literature to identify studies on these infectious diseases within psychiatric populations in Brazil and other developing countries. Overall, prevalence rates varied from 0% to 29% for HIV; 1.6% to 66% for HBV; 0.4% to 38% for HCV; and 1.1% to 7.6% for syphilis. Several risk factors were identified and discussed, although sampling limitations restrict the generalization of study findings. This review highlights the lack of information on the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and their associated factors among persons with chronic mental illness and identifies gaps in the knowledge base in both developing and developed countries.

A systematic literature review of lean manufacturing implementation in manufacturing-based sectors of the developing and developed countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Maware ◽  
Modestus Okechukwu Okwu ◽  
Olufemi Adetunji
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Manufacturing Organizations ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Purpose This study aims to comparatively discuss the effect of lean manufacturing (LM) implementation in the manufacturing sectors of developing and developed countries. Design/methodology/approach An in-depth literature review focused on previous research published between 2015 and March 2020. The papers published by the databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, ProQuest and Web of Science were used in the study. A total of 63 studies that focused on LM application in manufacturing industries in developing and developed countries were used in the research. Findings It was observed that LM improves operational performance for manufacturing organizations in developing and developed countries. Small and medium-sized enterprises in both developed and developing countries have difficulties transforming their organizations into lean organizations compared to large enterprises. Furthermore, the review also found that there seems to have been no paper had reported the negative impact of implementing LM in manufacturing industries in developing and developed countries from 2015 to March 2020. Research limitations/implications The study used research papers written between January 2015 and March 2020 and only considered manufacturing organizations from developed and developing nations. Practical implications The study provides more insight into LM implementation in developing and developed countries. It gives the LM practices and the implications of applying these practices in manufacturing organizations for developing and developed countries. Originality/value A preliminary review of papers indicated that this seems to be the first paper that comparatively studies how LM implementation has affected manufacturing organizations in developed and developing countries. The study also assessed the LM practices commonly used by the manufacturing industries in developing and developed countries.

scholarly journals Review: Medical Waste Management for Covid19

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1si) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Hendri Sutrisno ◽  
Fitriana Meilasari
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Chemical Waste ◽  
Pharmaceutical Waste ◽  
Medical Waste Management ◽  
Infectious Waste

Introduction: Medical waste generation during the Covid19 pandemic increased by around 30%. Sources of medical waste generation are health care activities. If medical waste is not appropriately managed, it can pollute the environment and disturb health. The purpose of the review is to identify the potential of medical waste in health-care facilities in Indonesia when the Covid19 pandemic and to review medical waste management in Indonesia. The analysis uses a systematic literature review. Discussion: The potential of medical waste during the Covid19 epidemic is infectious waste (PPE wastes), sharps waste (syringes), chemical waste (expired medicines), and pharmaceutical waste (the used alcohol bottles when rapid tests). The hazardous waste management system refers to Government Regulation No. 101 year 2014 about Management of Hazardous and Toxic Waste and and Regulation of Minister of Environment and Forestry of Republic Indonesia No. P.56/MenlhkSetjen/2015 about Procedures and Technical Requirements for Waste Management Hazardous and Toxic From the Health Service Facilities. Infectious waste, sharps waste, chemical waste, and pharmaceutical waste are destroyed with incinerators. Syringe residues were damaged with a needle shredder. Residue and incineration ashes are processed using solidification. If the heavy metal content under the quality standards, then the waste can be landfill. Conclusion: The potential of medical waste during the Covid19 pandemic is infectious waste, sharps waste, chemical waste, and pharmaceutical waste. Medical waste generated must be appropriately managed. Proper medical waste management can prevent environmental pollution and the spread of disease. One of the processing of potential medical waste is incineration. The incineration system produces residue and ash waste that must further be handled so that it does not pollute the environment and disturb health.

REGRESION MODEL OF COVID-19 MEDICAL HARZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION BASED ON MAXIMUM BEDS CAPACITY OF REGIONAL HOSPITALS IN DKI JAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Mr Prihartanto
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Maximum Capacity ◽  
Bed Capacity ◽  
Regional Hospitals ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic disaster in DKI Jakarta has shown a significant increasing in confirmed positive cases starting in September 2020, resulting in the re-implementing of Large-Scale Social Distancing (PSBB). The main factor that led to the re-implementing of the PSBB in DKI Jakarta is the limited bed capacity in the 67 Covid-19 referal Local General Hospitals (RSUD). Handling Covid-19 patients requires more medical equipment such as masks, glasses, protective clothing and so on, which will increase the rate of medical waste generation. This study will discuss the prediction of minimum and maximum generation of Covid-19 medical hazardous waste (B3) in 67 Covid-19 referal RSUD in DKI Jakarta which can be calculated based on the maximum capacity of available isolation and ICU beds during the period 23 August - 4 October 2020 and the average of medical waste generation per patient treated. From the prediction, a regression model of increasing number of minimum and maximum medical hazardous waste produced in several Covid-19 referal RSUD in DKI Jakarta can be made. Keywords: covid-19, hazardous waste, hospital, maximum capacity, regression model.

scholarly journals PREDICTION OF MEDICAL HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION FROM COVID-19 PATIENT HANDLING HOSPITALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mr Prihartanto
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Waste Incinerator ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Patient Handling ◽  
Hazardous Waste Incinerator

The Covid-19 pandemic disaster has resulted in thousands peoples died and hospitalized. Handling of Covid-19 patients requires more medical equipment than normal condition, such as masks, goggles, protective clothing and so on which will increase the rate of generation of medical waste. Prediction of the total medical hazardous waste generation in Indonesia can be calculated using the prediction model of the total number of Covid-19 cases and the average generation of medical waste for each one patient. In this study, the capacity of a hazardous waste incinerator in Indonesia is also calculated to determine the time needed for waste processing. Besides, standar procedures for handling medical  hazardous waste from source to final disposal site are also needed.

scholarly journals Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on medical waste management: a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshanak Rezaei Kalantary ◽  
Arsalan Jamshidi ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Golbini Mofrad ◽  
Ahmad Jonidi Jafari ◽  
Neda Heidari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Waste Composition ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Solid Waste Generation ◽  
Medical Waste Management ◽  
Infectious Waste

AbstractCovid-19 Pandemic leads to medical services for the society all over the world. The Covid-19 pandemic influence the waste management and specially medical waste management. In this study, the effect of the Covid-19 outbreak on medical waste was evaluated via assessing the solid waste generation, composition, and management status in five hospitals in Iran. The results indicated that the epidemic Covid-19 leads to increased waste generation on average 102.2 % in both private and public hospitals. In addition, the ratio of infectious waste in the studied hospitals increased by an average of 9 % in medical waste composition and 121 % compared with before COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in plans and management measurement such as increasing the frequency of waste collection per week leads to lower the risk of infection transmission from medical waste in the studied hospitals. The results obtained from the present research clearly show the changes in medical waste generation and waste composition within pandemic Covid-19. In addition, established new ward, Covid-19 ward with high-infected waste led to new challenges which should be managed properly by change in routine activities.

scholarly journals Households’ Waste Scenario during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Outlook from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mou Rani Sarker ◽  
Md. Abdur Rouf Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Hazardous Waste Management ◽  
Management Issues

With pandemic progression and the stay-at-home situation, household are producing more dangerous medical waste. Households became the most vulnerable and unprotected sector of coronavirus transmission due to the unconsciousness and lack of guidance of hazardous waste management. Therefore, waste management is a critical concern to public health. This study examines household waste generation and waste management issues in Bangladesh during COVID-19 from March 2020 to August 2021. The study showed that adequate identification, collection, transportation, processing, separation, and disposal are the challenges of safe waste management. Each activity bears a high risk of getting infected because of lack of proper guidance and protection. Moreover, the improper disposal of hazardous waste causes immense soil, water and air pollution that might have negative effects to the human body. Some suggested guidelines to a better COVID-19 household’s waste management are discussed in the context of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Review article on study about perception of health care waste management amongst dental professionals in Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Payal Sharma ◽  
Bhumika Badiyani ◽  
Amit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Infectious Waste ◽  
Health Care Waste

This study has been conducted to assess the awareness and concern of dental health care providers towards handling and disposal of dental waste generated as well as knowledge of effective recycling and reuse of dental materials so that further necessary steps can be taken and more studies of such kind can be initiated in same direction. This cross-sectional study has been conducted among private practitioners and dental students who are planning to practice in Mathura district. After analysing responses to attitude based questions on biomedical waste management response showed favourable positive attitude. However they do not know concrete opportunities to put into practice waste recycling from dental work but majority of them collect household waste and dental practice waste together. Only few of them suggested for possible reuse of waste from dental practice. There are also inaccurate ways to collect hazardous waste; infectious waste is being collected with non-infectious or household waste. Keywords: Hazardous waste, infectious and non-infectious waste, bio-medical waste, segregation and bio-medical waste management.

Study of solid waste (municipal and medical) management during the COVID-19 pandemic: a review study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolmajid Fadaei
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Decision

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a global emergency crisis and created waste management challenges worldwide. Such a critical point has changed solid waste (municipal and medical) management prospects and posed fact challenges to the health decision-makers and policy-makers to make decisions to ensure sustainable management of the environment. One of the most negative prospects of COVID-19 pandemic is the increased waste generation, especially plastic waste in developing and developed countries. This study systematically reviews the potential influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical and municipal waste, and discusses the corresponding measures and policies of solid waste management in several countries. The results show that the highest and lowest quality of final disposal is observed in Finland with 75% recycling and in India with 90% open dumping, respectively. In many countries, the medical waste showed an increase by 350–500%.The pandemic has brought particular problems to the disposal capacity of municipal waste and medical waste across the world. We think that this point of view study provides valuable data for scientists, policy makers, health decision-makers, consultants, medical staff, medical supplies, those working in public health sector, and field engineers responsible for solid waste management.

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