Novel banana peel/graphene oxide derived biosorbent for water purification

More than 100 million tons of banana peels are produced annually, and about 40 million banana peels (40% of total weight) remain greatly unused. Hence, exploring banana peels’ ability to clean contaminated water would bring an additional value to the current “waste” product. One of the most common aspects of water pollution currently is heavy metal contamination, which is particularly dangerous for humans due to its high toxicity. Banana peels contain a high concentration of carbohydrates, the two most abundant being cellulose and starch, which has multiple hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups. Banana peels are an easily available and cost-effective adsorbent that can adsorb different kinds of heavy metal ions. This research primarily focuses on improving the current efficiency of this technique through the development of a banana peel/graphene oxide hybrid adsorbent. The cross-linking graphene oxide possess numerous hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, and epoxide functional groups that can be used to induce chemical reactions with banana peel carbohydrates, providing the graphene oxide with additional functional groups. This modification can potentially increase the adsorption capacity of banana peel derived adsorbents. It is evident through FTIR analysis that banana peel powder and graphene oxide have many functional groups of similar types. Thus, reactions can readily occur to combine the two substances. The TGA analysis of both compounds, however, indicates different patterns of thermal decomposition. Further thermal analysis is required for the hybrid adsorbent. After the development and characterization of this hybrid adsorbent, the next step is to complete a water purification analysis. In the future, banana peel/graphene oxide derived adsorbent may serve as a sustainable and efficient solution for water purification.

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Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals Extracted from Soil and Aquatic Environments: Current Advances as well as Emerging Trends

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac124.54865509 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 5486-5509

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Aquatic Environments ◽

Farming Practices ◽

Emerging Trends ◽

Soil And Water

Quick industrial development, current farming practices, and other anthropogenic events enhance an important number of poisonous heavy metals in the atmosphere, which persuades severe poisonous effect on all the forms of living beings, which change the properties. This type of heavy metal pollution has ecological dangers as well as affects human health. Heavy metal contamination is mutagenic, endocrine, carcinogenic, and teratogenic, which causes nervous health problems mostly in kids. Further, an appropriate method for the remediation of adulteration of water along with soil is phytoremediation. In addition, it has been progressively utilized. Phytoremediation helps to improve the contaminated soil and water by the extraction of contaminating heavy metals, which is called phytoextraction and their phytostabilisation. Phytoremediation is based on many processes, and it is very eco-friendly, cost-effective, and economical. In this review, we aim to explain the detailed study of phytoremediation and current approaches.

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Long-term and high-concentration heavy-metal contamination strongly influences the microbiome and functional genes in Yellow River sediments

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.109 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 637-638 ◽

pp. 1400-1412 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Yong Chen ◽

Yiming Jiang ◽

Haiying Huang ◽

Lichao Mou ◽

Jinlong Ru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Yellow River ◽

River Sediments ◽

Functional Genes ◽

High Concentration ◽

Yellow River Sediments

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Monitoring of heavy metal contamination of soil and plants (for example, Potentilla tanacetifolia Willd. ex Schlecht.) of natural ecosystems in Chita urban areas

Samara Journal of Science ◽

10.17816/snv201871121 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 110-115

Author(s):

Galina Yurievna Samoilenko ◽

Evgeniy Aleksandrovich Bondarevich ◽

Natalia Nikolaevna Kotsyurzhinskaya ◽

Igor Anatolyevich Boriskin

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Natural Ecosystems ◽

High Concentration ◽

Mobile Forms ◽

Zinc Cadmium ◽

Cadmium Lead

The paper presents data on the content of gross and mobile forms of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper in the soils of Chita and its surroundings. The paper contains a comparative analysis of the accumulation (Kn) and movement (KP) coefficients of these microelements in organs ( Potentilla tanacetifolia Willd. ex Schlecht.), relative to their gross content and mobile forms in soils. The authors have revealed that soil samples of the studied sites contain unequal gross amount of heavy metals. In some points (6 and 3) the content of cadmium and zinc exceeded the Mac, that is why such soils have been attributed to heavily polluted. The index of biological activity on mobile forms of heavy metals in all sites significantly exceeded the same index on gross forms. It was found that Potentilla tanacetifolia are accumulators of heavy metal ions. Aboveground bodies accumulate and absorb cadmium and copper especially intensively, thus the content of mobile forms of these metals in the soil is insignificant. Excessive adsorption of trace elements in the phytomass of plants can be connected with surface contamination. According to the content of zinc and lead, the accumulation values in the organs of P. tanacetifolia were characterized by small coefficient values, against the background of their high concentration in the soil.

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Heavy metal contamination of soil based on pollution, geo-accumulation indices and enrichment factor in Phan Me coal mine area, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam

Vietnam Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.15625/0866-7187/0/0/14950 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 105-117

Author(s):

Nguyen Van Hoang ◽

Le Quang Dao ◽

Dong Thu Van ◽

Pham Lan Hoa

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Enrichment Factor ◽

Coal Mine ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Pollution Index ◽

High Concentration ◽

Mine Area ◽

Accumulation And Enrichment ◽

Geo Accumulation

Soil samples around the Phan Me coal mine area, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam had been analyzed for Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb and Ni. Single pollution index, geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor have been determined and used for assessing the soil quality. In average by pollution index, the soil heavy metal pollution sequence is Cu(PI=4.2)>Cd(3.5)>Zn(3.1) >Pb(1.7)>Ni(1.3). High concentrations of Cu, Zn and Cd in the soil in the study area are thanks to geo-accumulation and enrichment of the metals in the soil. The soil is from moderately to heavily contaminated by Cu, Zn and Cd: Cu and Zn concentrations are 1.5-2.8 times higher than the ecological risk values, and Cd concentration is about 3.5 times higher than allowable limits. The high concentration of Pb is thanks to moderate geo-accumulation and enrichment of Pb, and the soil mostly has Pb concentration higher than the allowable limit in about 1.7 times. There is a sign that the soil is contaminated by Ni: 22% of the samples have Ni concentration higher than the threshold value, however, the enrichment of Ni is only deficient to minimal. The results of the assessment highlight the need for a comprehensive and detailed study program on heavy metal content in different soil resources in a wider area to identify the magnitude and details of the problem associated with heavy metal contamination for the development of a remediation plan and more effective pollution preventing measures.

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Synthesis of Phosphoric Acid /Graphene Composites for Water Purification

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1717 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 864-867 ◽

pp. 1717-1720

Author(s):

Chu Bei Wang

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Phosphoric Acid ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Water Purification ◽

One Pot ◽

Reduced Graphene ◽

Adsorption Data

Phosphoric acid /graphene composites were synthesized by a facile one-pot method in the oil-phase. The composites produced in this study have more active groups than reduced graphene oxide. Adsorption data indicated that active groups of the material had far greater influence on the adsorption capacity than inert functional groups of reduced graphene oxide.

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Heavy metal and metalloid contamination in the sediments of the Spekboom River, South Africa

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-021-01464-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Abraham Addo-Bediako ◽

Sophy Nukeri ◽

Millicent Kekana

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Sediment Quality ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Secondary Source ◽

High Concentration ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe impact of anthropogenic activities such as mining, agriculture and urbanization is causing heavy metal contamination in many freshwater ecosystems. The concentrations of eight elements (As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the Spekboom River, South Africa, were studied using enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) to assess the extent of pollution in the river. Sediment samples were collected and analyzed using sequential inductively coupled plasma—optical emission spectrometry. The results showed deterioration of the sediment quality with high concentration of Cr and Ni at all the sites, this is a reflection of contamination from the various anthropogenic activities in the area. The current levels of Cr and Ni could be detrimental to the river and may pose a serious threat to the aquatic organisms and humans, as the sediment could act as a secondary source of metal pollution in the water. It is therefore recommended that urgent action should be taken to control effluents from anthropogenic activities to the river in order to prevent further pollution.

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DISTRIBUTION AND BIOACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS Pb AND Cd ON BIVALVES Anadara nodifera, Meretrix lyrata, AND Solen lamarckii IN COASTAL WATERS OF THE WEST MADURA STRAIT

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v9i2.19297 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 631-643 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

. Ahyar ◽

Dietriech G. Bengen ◽

Yusli Wardiatno

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Coastal Waters ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Quality Standards ◽

High Concentration ◽

Metal Analysis ◽

The West ◽

Negative Impacts

Madura strait receives waste disposal from various activites in the mainland, making it vulnerable to contamination of harmful pollutants. Some of the harmful pollutants are heavy metal Pb and Cd. The high concentration Cd and Pb give negative impacts to the biota including bivalves. This study was conducted to assess the distribution of heavy metals Pb and Cd in the waters and their accumulation in bivalves Anadara nodifera, Meretrix lyrata, and Solen lamarckii in coastal waters of the West Madura Strait. Heavy metal analysis refer to APHA 2012 using AAS. The results showed that concentration of Cd and Pb in water were below the quality standards, while in sediment were above the standard (Cd of 7.20 mg/kg and Pb of 62.06 mg/kg). The concentration of Cd in bivalve were different among the species tested A. nodifera of 6.10 mg/kg, M. lyrata of 3.65 mg/kg, and S. lamarckii of 2.74 mg/kg, as well as Pb concentration A. nodifera of 60.10 mg/kg, M. lyrata of 51.48 mg/kg, and S. lamarckii of 45.29 mg/kg). These results indicated that the three shells have exceeded the maximum limit of heavy metal contamination in food (Cd of 1.0 mg/kg and Pb of 1.5 mg/kg). Keywords: bivalve, heavy metal, Madura Strait

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Magnetic Particles Weight as an Indicator for Heavy Metals Concentration

Letters in Applied NanoBioScience ◽

10.33263/lianbs113.37703779 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 3770-3779

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Magnetic Particles ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Traffic Load ◽

Anthropogenic Activity ◽

Environmental Investigation ◽

Pmf Model ◽

Cost Effective Method ◽

The Common

Due to the ever-increasing population growth, urbanization and industrial activity are essential for meeting the basic needs of households. Together with the resulting traffic load and ineffective waste disposal, these factors are the most important sources of environmental pollution in this century. Therefore, the concentration of contaminants should be regularly monitored to protect ecological and human health. The common analytical methods are time-consuming, expensive, and account for a potential source of contamination. In this study, Spearman correlation coefficient, cluster analysis, PMF model, and spatial analysis indicated that anthropogenic magnetic particle weight (MPW) indicates the heavy metal load originated from anthropogenic activity. Hence, it is introduced as a simple, rapid, and cost-effective method for monitoring heavy metal contamination in soil, dust together with bed and suspended sediment. Whenever limited background knowledge prevents planning a comprehensive environmental investigation, this method can be used as the first step for gaining a general insight towards the present status and organize ranked set sampling design.

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Razor Clams (Class Bivalvia) of Kuala Selangor, Malaysia: Morphology, Genetic Diversity and Heavy Metal Concentration

Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology ◽

10.33736/bjrst.275.2013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 19-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruhana Hassan ◽

Devagi Kanakaraju

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Heavy Metal Concentration ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Body Parts ◽

High Concentration ◽

Filter Feeder ◽

Razor Clam ◽

Razor Clams

Razor Clam (Bivalvia) could be easily identified as having two long, narrow shell valves connected by hinges, two siphons and one strong foot. It plays important role in ecological services besides providing food and extra income for the coastal communities. As filter feeder, razor clam is a good indicator for heavy metal contamination in aquatic environments. In Selangor, razor clam is locally known as ‘siput buluh’, yet, there is no proper scientific documentation on this species. This short study was carried out to assess the morphology of razor clams in Selangor for species identification and to sequence the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene for determination of its genetic diversity. Heavy sea traffics occurred in the sea near to the mudflat where razor clams were abundantly found has raised question whether razor clams were safe to be consumed. Therefore, this study is also designed to determine the level of selected heavy metals concentration in different body parts of razor clams. Based on selected morphometric and meristic data, razor clams of Kuala Selangor obtained during this study were Solen sarawakensis although many individuals displayed darker outer shell colouration and slightly thicker, longer and heavier shells. Based on analyses of putative COI gene sequences of approximately 677bp, there was a strong genetic divergence (11.7%) between S. sarawakensis inhabiting Kuala Selangor and Kuching Bay, Sarawak suggesting that although both razor clams were very similar morphologically, they could actually be two different species. Tissues of razor clams sampled from mudflat area in Kuala Selangor showed high concentration of Fe (146.50 mg/kg) and Mn (94.00 mg/kg). Other heavy metal elements namely Cr (42.50 mg/kg) and Cd (33.00 mg/kg) were also recorded during this study, occurring mainly in the shells. Traces of Hg were also detected, and its concentration did not differ much among the different parts analyzed.

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