scholarly journals VIABILITAS INOKULAN DALAM BAHAN PEMBAWA GAMBUT, KOMPOS, ARANG BATOK DAN ZEOLIT YANG DISTERIL DENGAN IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA Co-60 DAN MESIN BERKAS ELEKTRON

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Sindy Marieta Putri ◽  
Iswandi Anas ◽  
Fahrizal Hazra ◽  
Ania Citraresmini
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Microbial Contaminant ◽  
Carrier Material ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Better Than

Carrier is one of the important factor to determine the quality of biofertilizer. The inoculant carriers should contain no or less microbial contaminant. The purpose of this research was to investigate viability of Azospirillum, Azotobacter and Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi inoculants in carrier material that were sterilized by Gamma Irradiation Co-60 and Electron Beam Machine (EBM). Each inoculants was injected to the sterilized peat, compost, coconut shell charcoal and zeolite. Viability of inoculants in steriled carrier was evaluated at 0, 7, 14, 42 and 70 days after preparation. The stirage was done in incubator at 25ºC. The result of viability of Azospirillum, Azotobacter and Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi inoculants on sterilized carrier material by Gamma Irradiation Co-60, EBM and autoclave tended to decline during storage 70 days at room temperature (250C). Viability of Azospirillum inoculants in zeolite sterilized by Gamma Irradiation Co-60 and autoclave gave the highest numbres of viable cells. Storage of these inoculants at 25ºC for 70 days only reduce the number of viable cells by 11.1%. Viability of Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi inoculants in coconut shell charcoal or compost sterilized by Gamma Irradiation Co-60 went down by 99.8% after 70 days. The sterilization of carriers by using autoclave or Gamma Irradiation Co-60 were better than EBM sterilization. . Keywords: Carrier, Electron Beam Machine, Gamma Irradiation Co-60, sterilization, viability

scholarly journals Evaluasi Penyimpanan Spermatozoa Ayam Pada Suhu 5⁰C, 26⁰C Dengan Pengencer Infuse NaCl, Glukosa 5% dan 10%

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Asnawi Asnawi ◽  
Maskur Maskur ◽  
Adji Santoso Dradjat
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature Storage ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Temperature Storage

The purpose of this study were to compare the quality of spermatozoa stored at 26⁰C, 5⁰C using diluents of NaCl, 10% glucose and 5% glucose. The spermatozoa of a rooster was collected and divided into 6 parts, each 2 tubes diluted in a ratio of 1:1 using NaCl, Glucose5% and Glucose 10%, then each 3 tubes with different diluents were stored at 26⁰C and 5⁰C. Observations of motility, viability and abnormalities of spermatozoa were carried out half an hour, 1 hour after dilution, followed every 2 hours until the ninth hours. The results showed that spermatozoa stored for 9 hours at a temperature of 26⁰C with a physiological diluent of NaCl, 10% Glucose and 5% Glucose each were different (P, < 0.05) with motility 50 ± 0.0%, 42 ± 10.95. % and 34±8.94%, respectively. At storage temperature of 5⁰C for 9 hours, physiological NaCl, 10% glucose and 5% glucose were significantly different (P<0.05) with motility 58.00±10.95%, 46.00±8.94% and 38.00±, respectively. 10.95% in a row. The viability of spermatozoa at 26⁰C storage with 5% glucose diluent was better than 10% glucose and physiological NaCl (P<0.05), 58.93±1.27%, 42.93±1.48% and 33.43±1.27% , while the physiological NaCl diluent and 10% glucose were not significantly different (P>0.05). At 5⁰C storage the viability of spermatozoa in the three diluents was not significantly different, with values of Glucose 10%, Glucose 5% and physiological NaCl 52.57±5.15%, 52.21±5.02% and 48.14±8.09%, respectively. Spermatozoa abnormalities at storage temperature 26⁰C and 5⁰C for 9 hours using physiological NaCl diluent, 5% glucose and 10% glucose, were not significantly different and varied between 5 to 10%. Finally, it can be concluded that at room temperature storage less than 4 hours the quality of spermatozoa was better with 5% glucose diluent, while for cold storage beyond 4 hours the quality of spermatozoa with NaCl diluent was higher

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOSISI SEKAM PADI TERHADAP PARAMETER FISIS BRIKET TEMPURUNG KELAPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Maria Lurumutin Umrisu ◽  
Redi K. Pingak ◽  
Albert Zicko Johannes
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRAK Briket bioarang merupakan salah satu bahan bakar yang berasal dari biomassa. Biomassa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tempurung kelapa dan sekam padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi komposisi sekam padi dan variasi perekat terhadap parameter fisis briket tempurung kelapa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air, nilai porositas dan nilai kadar abu, secara berturut-turut berkisar antara (0.69  - 1.12 ), (3,33% - 7,57%.), (16,66% - 31,88%.), (38,46% - 66,66%.). Analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum, komposisi sekam padi berbanding terbalik dengan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air dan nilai kadar abu briket dan berbanding lurus dengan nilai porositas briket. Berdasarkan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air, dan nilai kadar abu briket, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam penelitian ini briket dengan komposisi 40% tempurung kelapa dan 60% sekam padi memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan komposisi lainnya. Kata Kunci : Briket, Tempurung kelapa, Sekam padi, Densitas, Kadar air, Porositas dan Kadar abu. ABSTRACT Bio-briquette is one of the fuels that comes from biomass. The biomass used in this research is coconut shell and rice husk. The aims of this research are to know the influence of variation of rice husk composition and thickness variation on physical parameters of shell briquettes. The results of this study indicate that the density, moisture value, porosity and ash values, respectively ranged between (0.69  - 1.12 ), (3,33% - 7,57%.), (16,66% - 31,88%.), (38,46% - 66,66%.). The analysis showed that in general, the composittion of rice husk is inversely proportional to density, moisture value and briquette ash value, otherwise the composition of rice husk is directly proportional briquette porosity value. Based on density value, mositure value and ash value it can be concluded that in this research the quality  of briquettes with composition 40% coconut shell and 60% rice husk is better than the other compositions. Keywords: Briquette, Coconut shell, Rice husk, Density, Water content, Porosity and Ash content.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ONION AND GINGER JUICE EXTRACT ON THE QUALITY OF HOT. SMOKED MEAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
A. L. IKEME
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Antimycotic Activity ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Sensory Analyses ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Better Than

A experiment who conducted to determine the  activeness of extracts from ginger rhizome and onion bulbs, in retarding lipid oxidation On the organoleptic quality of smoked meat. Brine solution consisting of potassium sorbate, sodium chloride with or without butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), onion juice ainst and ginger Juice extract respectively were used us dips for curing Samples dipped la 10% brine served as control. Meat samples nere trimmed of visible fats, cut lato 1kg sizes, pen broiled at 80°C for 30 minutes, and then recut into 100 - 130g pieces. Samples were divided randomly into four batches and dipped for 5 minutes in different solutions, drined, revoked at • temperature of 70 - 80Cfor 6 hours and cooked to room temperature. Products were individually packaged in polythene bags, stored at room temperature (25 30°C) and used for sensory evaluation, chemical and microbial analysis. Results of chemical, and sensory analyses indicated that upid oxidation was not a problem in smoked beef. Samples dipped in solution containing ginger juice and BHT were noted better than others. Six per cent potassium sorbate did not offer adequate antimycotic activity. Samples dipped in solution without potassium sorbate were unacceptable by the fourth day of storage as these were covered by visible mouldy mass. of mycelia. 

scholarly journals Herbal Extracts Incorporated into Shortbread Cookies: Impact on Color and Fat Quality of the Cookies

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 858
Author(s):  
Mariola Kozlowska ◽  
Anna Zbikowska ◽  
Katarzyna Marciniak-Lukasiak ◽  
Malgorzata Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Fat Quality ◽  
Room Temperature Increase ◽  
Better Than

This study aimed at determining the effect of aqueous ethanolic extracts from lemon balm, hyssop and nettle, and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) on properties of shortbread cookies. This was achieved by instrumental measurements of color and sensory properties of the cookies directly after baking and by determination of peroxide (PV) and p-anisidine (p-AnV) values, and specific extinction coefficients (K232 and K268 values) for fat extracted from the cookies stored for 3 months at room temperature. Increase of the herbal extracts’ concentration from 0.02% to 0.2% in the cookies caused a reduction of L* (the brightness) and a* values (the red coordinate), while b* values (the yellow coordinate) increased when the cookies were enriched with lemon balm and nettle extracts. Among the cookies studied, those prepared with BHA and 0.1 and 0.2% addition of lemon balm extracts were characterized by the highest scores for aroma, taste, and overall acceptability. Incorporation of BHA and 0.02% hyssop extract into the cookies caused a decrease of PV values (the peroxide value) for fat extracted from the cookies after 3 months of their storage compared to a (control) sample without additives and produced the lowest K232 values. Changes in the p-AnV values for the fat samples studied occurred gradually and slowly during the storage and the obtained values were lower compared to the control sample. All of the studied fat samples also showed a higher ability to scavenge DPPH radicals than the control sample. Considering both PV and p-AnV values as indicators of fat oxidation, BHA protected fat extracted from cookies against oxidation better than the herbal extracts used.

scholarly journals Evaluation of essential oil isolated from dry coriander seeds and recycling of the plant waste under different storage conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hend E. Wahba ◽  
Hala S. Abd Rabbu ◽  
Mohamed E. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Zero Time ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Cool Conditions

Abstract Background This study focused on the comparison of the essential oil percentage and constituents obtained from the dry seeds and the waste of coriander plant in order to reach the best ways to store the essential oil. Results The chemical composition of coriander oil was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The analysis of coriander essential oil showed that linalool was the main constituent of dry seed oil under all conditions. It recorded 59.6, 59.28 and 47.69% of the treatments of the oil at zero time, stored in cool conditions and stored at room temperature, respectively. Concerning oil constituents of coriander waste (the remained herb after collecting seeds), the results showed that trans-anethole was the major oil constituent, followed by linalool compound. The quality of the stored oil in the refrigerator after harvest was better than the stored oil from seeds or waste under room temperature. Conclusion The changes have been observed in the chemical composition of coriander oil extracted from seed and waste subjected to different storage conditions. The waste of coriander can be considered a new source of essential oil.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF COATING ON THE PHYSICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL QUALITY OF FRESH HEN EGG DURING STORAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Maulida Hayuningtyas ◽  
Christina Winarti ◽  
Sari Intan Kailaku ◽  
Hoerudin Hoerudin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Lime Solution ◽  
Chicken Eggs ◽  
Hen Egg ◽  
Better Than

<p>Hen egg is the most consumed animal food due to its high nutritional content, affordable and easy to obtain. However, eggs have the disadvantage for their short shelf life of about 7 days at room temperature. An effort to extend the shelf life of eggs including storing at low temperatures and/or coating. The research objective was to determine changes in the physical quality and morphology of chicken eggs coated with two material coating stored at room (25–29 °C) and AC/low (18–22 °C) temperature. The treatments tested were two kinds of coatings, namely gelatin and lime solution, and two storage temperature conditions, namely room and low temperature for 30 days. The study was conducted with three replications, each replication was observed on 5 eggs. The parameters observed were weight loss, Egg white index, Egg yolk index, air cavity, Haugh Unit and surface morphology. The results showed that at the end of storage for 30 days the eggs quality still met the SNI standards I to III. AC storage temperature was better than room temperature. The egg treated with coating produced better quality than without coating. The longer the storage, the lower the weight loss, HU, IPT and IKT. The best treatment was gelatin coating stored at AC temperature.</p>

Successful protein cryocooling for powder diffraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Jenner ◽  
Jonathan P. Wright ◽  
Irene Margiolaki ◽  
Andrew N. Fitch
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Egg White Lysozyme ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Better Than

It is shown that samples of microcrystalline tetragonal chicken egg white lysozyme can be effectively cryoprotected for high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction studies at 100 K. The survival of the powder in the beam is increased by a factor of around 30. Thus, a high-quality powder diffraction pattern could be collected at 100 K, which attains a resolution ofdmin≃ 2.6 Å, significantly better than the previous limit of ∼3.27 Å at room temperature, despite a smaller volume of sample. Systematic variations of the concentration and type of cryoprotectant agent show that the lattice microstrains that accompany cooling, and degrade the quality of the powder diffraction data by broadening the diffraction peaks, are caused by a collapse in the volume of the crystalline unit cell.

Defects Characterization of GaN Substrate with Hot Implant Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 1004 ◽  
pp. 497-504
Author(s):  
Junko Maekawa ◽  
Hitoshi Kawanowa ◽  
Masahiko Aoki ◽  
Katsumi Takahiro ◽  
Toshiyuki Isshiki
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Defect Structure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Depth Scale ◽  
Scattering Spectra ◽  
Raman Scattering Spectra ◽  
Better Than

The defect structure of Mg implanted GaN substrate was evaluated by TEM observations, AFM surface observations and Raman scattering spectroscopic analysis. Mg ions were implanted at room temperature (RT) and 500 °C. TEM results showed that the defect distribution along depth scale is different between RT and 500 °C condition. The several peaks originated from ion implantation were found from Raman scattering spectra and the characteristics of the defects by implantation were discussed. The crystal quality of the sample implanted at 500 °C was found to be better than that of RT by comparing the FWHM of the E2 peak.

Lithography below 100 nm

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
L. D. Jackel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Local Electron ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Positive Resist ◽  
Exposure Process

Most production electron beam lithography systems can pattern minimum features a few tenths of a micron across. Linewidth in these systems is usually limited by the quality of the exposing beam and by electron scattering in the resist and substrate. By using a smaller spot along with exposure techniques that minimize scattering and its effects, laboratory e-beam lithography systems can now make features hundredths of a micron wide on standard substrate material. This talk will outline sane of these high- resolution e-beam lithography techniques.We first consider parameters of the exposure process that limit resolution in organic resists. For concreteness suppose that we have a “positive” resist in which exposing electrons break bonds in the resist molecules thus increasing the exposed resist's solubility in a developer. Ihe attainable resolution is obviously limited by the overall width of the exposing beam, but the spatial distribution of the beam intensity, the beam “profile” , also contributes to the resolution. Depending on the local electron dose, more or less resist bonds are broken resulting in slower or faster dissolution in the developer.

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