scholarly journals Forecasting Average Daily Temperature in the Khorasan Razavi Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (52) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Sayyed Mohamad Hosseini ◽  
Abdolhossein Adelzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Average Daily Temperature

scholarly journals Analysis of climate of Rivnenskyi Nature Reserve from 2000 to 2015

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Horbach
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Unstable Temperature

The analysis of monthly climatic terms of Rivnenskyi Nature Reserve was conducted. It is marked that weather terms have substantial differences due to an unstable temperature condition since creation of reserve. A spring period was the shortest in 2013 – 64 days and had the greatest average daily temperature 11.9 °С. Protracted a spring period was in 2002 – 123 days. The most of precipitations in a spring period was fixed in 2008 – 196.2 mm, and the least in 2011 – 42.1 mm. A summer period in 2015 became the most protracted – 131 day. Moreover, the least protracted summer was in 2006 – 90 days. The warmest summer season was in 2010 with an average daily temperature 19.8 °С. The most raining summer was in 2007 when a 471.3 mm of precipitations is fixed, and the least raining summer was in 2002 (144.6 mm of precipitations). The most protracted autumn period was in 2006 – 107 days and the shortest one was in 2001 – 57 days. The warmest autumn was in 2004 when an average daily temperature reached 9.2°С. The most of precipitations in the autumn period is fixed in 2009 – 178 mm, and the least in 2001 – 39 mm. The winter periods were protracted in 2004/05 and 2005/06. Their duration was 114 days. Winter period in 2009/10 with an average daily temperature -7.9°С was the coldest one. The most precipitations are fixed in winter 2005/06 – 208.4 mm, and the least in a winter period 2012/13 are a 52.2 mm. The most of precipitations for a year fell out 777.8 mm in 2012, and the least one in 2011 – 427 mm. The average long-term dates of the beginning of the year seasons are defined. The average long-term date of the beginning of the spring season is on February 27; the summer season is on May 26; the autumn season is on September 14; the winter season is on December 5. Key words: Rivnenskyi Nature Reserve, seasons of the year, precipitation, climatic terms, temperature, long-term date.

Mean Daily Temperatures at the Ben Nevis and Fort-William Observatories

1910 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 693-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Omond
Keyword(s):  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Stevenson Screen

Tables have been prepared of the average temperature at the Ben Nevis and Fort-William Observatories on each day of the year, using the records of the twenty years 1884 to 1903 inclusive. Table I. gives the average daily temperature at Ben Nevis, Table II. that at Fort-William, and Table III. the differences between them. These tables have been prepared as follows :—Ben Nevis Observatory.—In summer the dry- and wet-bulb thermometers were exposed in an ordinary Stevenson screen 4 feet above ground, and in winter in a smaller-sized double-louvred screen, placed on a ladder-like stand, and moved up or down so as to be always about 4 feet above the surface of the snow. These thermometers were read hourly, and the average of the dry-bulb readings for the 24 hours of each day is taken as the temperature of that day. Table I. is the arithmetical mean of the values so computed on each day of the year.

scholarly journals Вплив погодних умов веґетаційного періоду на елементи продуктивності та урожайність проса прутоподібного

2017 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
М. І. Кулик ◽  
І. І. Рожко
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Quantitative Indices ◽  
The Third ◽  
Number Of Stems

З'ясовано вплив погодних умов веґетації на мінливість елементів продуктивності (висоти та густоти стеблостою) проса прутоподібного. Визначено вплив середньодобової температури повітря та суми опадів під час веґетації рослин на урожайність фітомаси культури в розрізі років дослідження. Наведено кореляційні залежності між кількісними показниками рослин (елементами продуктивності) третього–шостого років веґетації та урожайністю фітомаси проса прутоподібного. Встановлено, що урожайність сухої надземної веґетативної маси проса прутоподібного в більшій мірі обумовлюється кількістю стебел на одиницю площі у тісному взаємозв’язку із середньодобовою температурою повітря, в меншій мірі – висотою рослин та сумою опадів за веґетаційний період. The influence of weather conditions of vegetation on the variability of the elements of productivity (height and density of stems) of switchgrass is determined. The influence of average daily temperature of air and the amount of precipitation during vegetation of plants on the yield of phytomass of culture in terms of research years is determined. The correlation between quantitative indices of plants (elements of productivity) of the third–sixth years of vegetation and yield of phytomass of switchgrass is shown. It has been established that the yield of dry vegetative mass of switchgrass is largely determined by the number of stems per unit area in close correlation with the average daily temperature of air, to a less extent – the height of plants and the amount of precipitation during the vegetation period.

scholarly journals Topography and Climate of Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Nadhir Al-Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
The West ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The North ◽  
South Iraq ◽  
Semi Arid

Iraq is located between geographic coordinates 33 00 N, 44 00 E, and occupies a total area of 437,072 square kilometers. Land forms 432,162 square kilometers while water forms 4,910 square kilometers of the total area. Iraq is bordered by Turkey from the north. Iran from the east, Syria and Syria from the west, and Saudi Arabia and Kuwait from the south. Iraq can be divided according to the nature of the land terrain into 4 regions (Mountain Region, Plateau and Hills Regions, The Mesopotamian plain and Jazera and Western Plateau). The climate is mainly of continental, subtropical semi-arid type. The mountain region is of Mediterranean climate. In general, rainfall occurs from December to February or November to April in the mountain region. During winter the average daily temperature is about 16oC dropping at night to 2oC with possibility of frost. In summer however, it is very hot with an average temperature of over 45oC during July and August dropping to 25oC at night. Keywords: Topography, Climate, Iraq.

scholarly journals A Graphical Control Chart for Monitoring Leaf count of Easter Lily to Support Crop Timing Decisions

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-70
Author(s):  
P.R. Fisher ◽  
R.D. Heins
Keyword(s):  
Control Chart ◽  
Lilium Longiflorum ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Leaf Unfolding ◽  
Quantitative Models ◽  
Easter Lily ◽  
Intuitive Method ◽  
Over Time

A graphical control chart was developed to monitor leaf count of Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) and make temperature recommendations based on predictions of a leaf unfolding rate (LUR) model. The graph allows observed and target leaf count to be compared visually over time. Timing of the visible bud stage, when flower buds are visible externally on the plant, is important to time flowering for the Easter sales period. The optimum LUR and average daily temperature required to achieve a target visible bud date can be read directly from the chart. The approach provides an intuitive method for transferring quantitative models to growers.

Significance of Preventing Primary Infections by Didymella rabiei and Development of a Model to Estimate the Maturity of Pseudothecia

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 1027-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Shtienberg ◽  
E. Gamliel-Atinsky ◽  
B. Retig ◽  
S. Brener ◽  
A. Dinoor
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Rain Event ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Rainy Days

The significance of preventing primary infections resulting from the teleomorph stage of Didymella rabiei was tested in field experiments in 1998 and 2000. Control efficacy was greater and yield and its components were higher in plots where the fungicide difenoconazole had been sprayed in time to protect the plants from infections resulting from airborne ascospores than in plots where sprays were not applied on time. Forty empirical models reflecting the influence of temperature and interrupted wetness on initial maturation of D. rabiei pseudothecia were developed and verified by using data recorded in chickpea fields in 1998. Seven of the models then were validated with data recorded in 1999 and 2000. The following model provided the best predictions: starting at the beginning of the rainy season (October to December), the predictor of the model was assigned one severity value unit when there was a rain event (1 day or more) with ≥10 mm of rain and an average daily temperature (during the rainy days) of ≤15°C. According to the model, pseudothecia mature after accumulation of six severity values and ascospores will be discharged during the following rain.

scholarly journals Influence of low temperatures on heat balance in easily assembled premises of different types

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
O. O. Borshch ◽  
O. V. Borshch ◽  
M. M. Fedorchenko
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Balance ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Moisture Evaporation ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Different Types

The purpose of this work was to analyze the thermal balance of easily assembled premises of different types and sizes during the periods of low average daily temperatures. The research was conducted during the winter period of 2020–2021 in the Kyiv region. The used material was easily assembled premises of different types and sizes: easily assembled ones without insulation elements; with elements of warming and premises with deep-litter. In each of the studied premises were kept 400 dairy cows. The studies were performed during two periods: the first period had ambient temperatures from -10 to -14.9 °C and the second one from -15.0 °C and below. In our studies, the average daily temperature (during the ambient temperature from -10 to 14.9 °C) in easily assembled premises with the use of insulation elements was 6.20 and 5.31 °C higher than in premises without insulation and deep-litter. A similar trend was observed during the period of lowering the ambient temperature up to 15 °C and below. Thus, the advantage of the premises without insulation constituted 6.28 °C, and of the premises with deep-litter per 5.84 °C, respectively. It was found that keeping in easy-to-assemble premises with insulation elements, the consumption of free thermal energy from the whole herd during the experimental periods was lower compared to the keeping in a boxing cowshed and a cowshed with deep litter. This is due to the smaller range of fluctuations in the average daily temperature in a room with insulation elements. A similar trend was observed for energy consumption through enclosing structures and for moisture evaporation and, accordingly, total heat consumption. In general, heat deficiency was observed during the keeping of cows in the investigated premises of easily assembled type at negative temperatures (-10–14.9 and -15 °С and above). Accordingly, the thermal balance of the premises was negative. The highest values of heat balance among easily assembled premises in both research periods were observed for keeping in rooms that used insulation elements.

scholarly journals Врожайність пшениці озимої залежно від погодних умов у ранньовесняний період в умовах північного Степу України

2018 ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
М. І. Мостіпан ◽  
Н. Л. Умрихін
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
The Third ◽  
Average Productivity ◽  
Early Beginning ◽  
Mixed Age

Тривалими польовими дослідженнями доведено, що в північному Степу України чим пізніше відновлюється весняна веґетація озимої пшениці, тим меншою є врожайність. При цьому час відновлення веґетації має значний вплив на врожайність різновікових посівів. У разі надраннього відновлення веґетації (III декада лютого) врожайність  посівів з сівбою у період з кінця серпня до початку жовтня є майже однаковою і становить від 6,44 до 6,96 т/га. У випадку пізнього відновлення веґетації (початок квітня) найбільш високу врожайність формують посіви з сівбою з 10 по 25 вересня. Їх врожайність у середньому за роки досліджень становила 3,86–3,91 т/га. Чим коротшим є період від переходу температури через 0 0С до +5 0С, тим більшою є врожайність озимої пшениці. У середньому за роки досліджень врожайність озимої пшениці за тривалості періоду від переходу температури через 0 0С до +5 0С до 10 днів становила 6,04 т/га, а в разі подовження цього періоду до 30 і більше днів зменшувалася до 3,76 т/га. It has been established that in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine the beginning of spring vegetation of winter wheat starts at different periods of time. The earliest vegetation (February 22) was observed in 1990, and the latest vegetation (April 4) was in 2003. Therefore, it has been suggested to distinguish the very early (the third decade of February) beginning of vegetation, early beginning of vegetation (the first–second decade of March), middle-time vegetation (the third decade of March) and late beginning of vegetation (the first decade of April) of winter wheat. During the whole period of observations from 1986 to 2005, the  very early beginning of vegetation was observed during 3 years (15%), early vegetation – 4 years (20%), middle-time vegetation – 8 years (40%), and late vegetation – 5 years (25%). The analysis of winter wheat productivity shows that the later is the beginning of spring vegetation, the less productivity of winter wheat. During the very early spring vegetation in the third decade of February,  productivity is twice as large as compared with the late vegetation in the first decade of April. On average, over the years of the study, these indicators were 6.74 and 3.28 t/ha respectively. In the very early vegetation (the 3rd decade of February), productivity of the mixed-age crops is almost the same and ranges from 6.44 to 6.96 t/ha. During the late vegetation (early April), the highest productivity is formed by the crops sown from the 10th to the 25th of September. Their average productivity during the years of the study was 3.86–3.91 t/ha. With this period of spring vegetation, the productivity of crops sown on September 2nd and October 2nd is almost the same and is 2.99 and 2.88 t/ha respectively, but significantly higher than the productivity of crops sown on August 25th. For the formation of winter wheat harvest, the change of the average daily temperature above 0 °C is important, as well as the duration of the period from that time to the beginning of spring vegetation. That is the steady increase in average daily air temperature to more than +5 °С. The increase in the period of time from the date of the change of the average daily air temperature above 0 °C to the beginning of spring vegetation causes the decrease in the productivity of winter wheat. During the years when the duration of this period was up to 10 days, the productivity of winter wheat averaged 6.04 t/ha, and during the years with this period of more than 30 days, the productivity decreased to 3.76 t/ha. The shorter period from the change of the average daily air temperature above 0 °C to the time of the beginning of spring vegetation, the higher the dependence of the level of winter wheat productivity on the sowing terms. If this period is longer than 30 days, the highest productivity was formed by crops sown on September 17th and September 25th, and during the years when this period lasted from 10 to 20 days, higher productivity was provided by the crops sown from September 10th to September 25th. With the duration of the period from the date of the change of the average daily air temperature above 0 °C to the beginning of spring vegetation to 20 days, the productivity of winter wheat crops with early sowing on September 2nd and October 2nd is almost the same. The crops sown on September 2nd with the duration of this period up to 10 days formed productivity of 5.44 t/ha, and the crops sown on October 2nd – 5.56 t/ha. At the same time, if the duration of this period exceeds 20 days, the crops sown on October 2nd form a considerably higher productivity than the crops sown on September 2nd.

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