scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BREECH DELIVERY AT TERM

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
ASLAM MAHMOOD MALIK ◽  
ASIA AZIZ ◽  
ABIDA RIAZ ◽  
Capt (R) Ijaz Ahmad Shah
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Breech Delivery ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

Objectives: To assess the various factors associated with breech delivery at term. Design: Casecontrol study. Period: Apr 2004 to Sep 2004 Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology unit-I, Bahawal VictoriaHospital Bahawalpur. Materials & Methods: This case control study was carried out in women with the age group 20-40 years. Various risk factors (Parity, multiple pregnancy, placenta Previa, amount of liquor and congenitalabnormalities) associated with breech (50 cases) at term (37-42 completed weeks) were compared with vertex (50controls) after matching. Results: Different factors associated with breech were oligohydramnios 44% vs controlgroup, placenta previa 34% vs control group, primiparity 46% vs control group, multiple pregnancy 14% vs controlgroup and congenital abnormalities 18% vs control group. Conclusion: Our study concluded that factors associatedwith breech delivery were oligohydramnios, placenta previa, multiparty, multiple pregnancy & congenital abnormalities.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with early childhood caries – a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Marina De Deus Moura Lima ◽  
Zacarias Soares Brito-Neto ◽  
Heylane Oliveira Amaral ◽  
Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima ◽  
Marcoeli Silva de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC).Methods: It was an observational retrospective case-control study. The case group consisted of all patients diagnosed with ECC in the records of an active program of maternal and child care. The control group was composed of an equal number of children, matched for gender and age, who attended the program and did not have ECC. The process of data collection consisted of completing a pre-established schedule to analyse variables related to the mother/caregiver and child.Statisticalanalysis was performed using the chi-squared and odds ratio (OR), with alpha (α) = 0.05.Results: History of caries in the mother (OR=2.61; CI 95%=1.45-4.67) and father (OR=1.72; CI 95%=1.02-2.89) were key determinants in the child being diagnosed with ECC.Conclusions: The risk factors associated with ECC were the following: no oral hygiene acceptance, nocturnal feeding duration of more than 16 months, a daily intake of sugar greater than 4 times a day, a Baume type II maxillary arch, fewer than 3 consultations with the program, and a history of decay in the parents.

scholarly journals Placental pathology and maternal factors associated with stillbirth: An institutional based case-control study in Northern Tanzania

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243455
Author(s):  
Godwin Lema ◽  
Alex Mremi ◽  
Patrick Amsi ◽  
Jeremia J. Pyuza ◽  
Julius P. Alloyce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placental Pathology ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Control Study

Objective To determine the placental pathologies and maternal factors associated with stillbirth at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, a tertiary referral hospital in Northern Tanzania. Methods A 1:2 unmatched case-control study was carried out among deliveries over an 8-month period. Stillbirths were a case group and live births were the control group. Respective placentas of the newborns from both groups were histopathologically analyzed. Maternal information was collected via chart review. Mean and standard deviation were used to summarize the numerical variables while frequency and percentage were used to summarize categorical variables. Crude and adjusted logistic regressions were done to test the association between each variable and the risk of stillbirth. Results A total of 2305 women delivered during the study period. Their mean age was 30 ± 5.9 years. Of all deliveries, 2207 (95.8%) were live births while 98 (4.2%) were stillbirths. Of these, 96 stillbirths (cases) and 192 live births (controls) were enrolled. The average gestational age for the enrolled cases was 33.8 ±3.2 weeks while that of the controls was 36.3±3.6 weeks, (p-value 0.244). Of all stillbirths, nearly two thirds 61(63.5%) were males while the females were 35(36.5%). Of the stillbirth, 41were fresh stillbirths while 55 were macerated. The risk of stillbirth was significantly associated with lower maternal education [aOR (95% CI): 5.22(2.01–13.58)], history of stillbirth [aOR (95%CI): 3.17(1.20–8.36)], lower number of antenatal visits [aOR (95%CI): 6.68(2.71–16.48), pre/eclampsia [aOR (95%CI): 4.06(2.03–8.13)], and ante partum haemorrhage [OR (95%CI): 2.39(1.04–5.53)]. Placental pathology associated with stillbirth included utero-placental vascular pathology and acute chorioamnionitis. Conclusions Educating the mothers on the importance of regular antenatal clinic attendance, monitoring and managing maternal conditions during antenatal periods should be emphasized. Placentas from stillbirths should be histo-pathologically evaluated to better understand the possible aetiology of stillbirths.

scholarly journals Risk factors for constant glycemic variability in pregnant women: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grasiela Martins Barros ◽  
Lyvia da Silva Figueiredo ◽  
Priscilla Alfradique de Souza ◽  
Beatriz Paiva e Silva de Souza ◽  
Helen Campos Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the factors associated with pregnancy that influence constant glycemic variability. Method: a case-control study with random sampling. The medical records of 417 pregnant women were divided into case group (200 pregnant women with constant glycemic variability) and control group (217 pregnant women without constant glycemic variability). Data were collected from 2009 to 2015. Results: pregnant women aged 25 years and over, with family history of diabetes mellitus, with systemic arterial hypertension, overweightness or obesity, sedentarism and polycystic ovarian syndrome are more likely to present changes in blood glucose. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that risk factors associated with pregnancy increase the risk of constant glycemic variability. The findings will allow reassessment of the interventions during pregnancy, providing an increase in nursing care quality.

scholarly journals Frequency and Risk Factors of Narrow Angles in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Mohammed Al Owaifeer ◽  
Ibrahim AlObaida ◽  
Sultan Alzuhairy ◽  
Syed J Raheman ◽  
Leyla Aljasim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

Abstract Purpose To determine the frequency and risk factors of narrow angles in pseudoexfoliation (PXF) patients.Methods A prospective case-control study was conducted during the period from March 2017 to December 2020. Adult patients (above 40 years) presenting with PXF were consecutively enrolled (study group). Cases were matched with individuals above 40 years presenting to a comprehensive ophthalmology clinic without evidence of PXF (control group).Results We enrolled 196 PXF patients and 98 controls. The occurrence of narrow angles was 25% in the PXF group and 5.1% in the control group (P = 0.0001). Compared to controls, PXF patients were older (72.6 ± 9.6 vs. 64.4 ± 8.5, P < 0.0001) and had a lower mean ACD (2.79 ± 0.4 vs. 3.05 ± 0.4, P < 0.0001). There was no difference in AL measurements between both groups (23.3 ± 1.4 vs. 23.7 ± 1.0, P = 0.0714). After stratification by age group and gender, the risk of narrow angles was higher in PXF patients above 60 years (OR, 5.71; 95% CI, 1.01-32.27; P, 0.048). There was no gender difference in the risk of developing narrow angles. Conclusion Narrow angles are more frequently encountered in PXF patients compared to controls. Advanced age (> 60 years) is significantly associated with an increased likelihood of developing narrow angles.

scholarly journals Predictive indicators of severe COVID-19 independent of comorbidities and advanced age: a nested case−control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinjie Li ◽  
Tuohutaerbieke Marmar ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Jing Tu ◽  
Yue Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract To determine what exacerbate severity of the COVID-19 among patients without comorbidities and advanced age and investigate potential clinical indicators for early surveillance, we adopted a nested case−control study, design in which severe cases (case group, n = 67) and moderate cases (control group, n = 67) of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 without comorbidities, with ages ranging from 18 to 50 years who admitted to Wuhan Tongji Hospital were matched based on age, sex and BMI. Demographic and clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with severe symptoms were analysed. Percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2), lymphocyte counts, C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-10 were found closely associated with severe COVID-19. The adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that the independent risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 were CRP (OR 2.037, 95% CI 1.078–3.847, P = 0.028), SpO2 (OR 1.639, 95% CI 0.943–2.850, P = 0.080) and lymphocyte (OR 1.530, 95% CI 0.850–2.723, P = 0.148), whereas the changes exhibited by indicators influenced incidence of disease severity. Males exhibited higher levels of indicators associated with inflammation, myocardial injury and kidney injury than the females. This study reveals that increased CRP levels and decreased SpO2 and lymphocyte counts could serve as potential indicators of severe COVID-19, independent of comorbidities, advanced age and sex. Males could at higher risk of developing severe symptoms of COVID-19 than females.

scholarly journals A national Swedish case-control study investigating incidence and factors associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Cephalalgia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 033310242110241
Author(s):  
Anna Sundholm ◽  
Sarah Burkill ◽  
Elisabet Waldenlind ◽  
Shahram Bahmanyar ◽  
A Ingela M Nilsson Remahl
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

Objective To study the incidence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Sweden and to explore whether previously proposed risk factors are associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension by investigating the odds of exposure one year prior to diagnosis in patients compared to controls. Methods Using Swedish health care registers and validated diagnostic algorithms, idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients diagnosed between 2000–2016 were compared with randomly selected matched controls, five from the general population and five with obesity. Results We identified 902 idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients and 4510 matched individuals in each control group. Mean incidence among inhabitants ≥18 years of age was 0.71 per 100,000; rising from 0.53 in 2000–2005 to 0.95 in 2012–2016. There were increased odds for idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients compared to general population for exposure to: kidney failure (odds ratio =13.2 (4.1–42.0)), arterial hypertension (odds ratio =17.5 (10.5–29.3)), systemic lupus erythematosus (odds ratio =13.8 (4.3–44.7)), tetracyclines, sulphonamides, lithium, and corticosteroids. In obese controls, odds ratios were also significantly increased for these exposures. Hormonal contraceptive use and exposure to pregnancy did not appear to be associated factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension development. Conclusions The incidence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Sweden is lower relative to reports from other countries but is on the rise. This case-control study confirms several previously reported risk factors associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

scholarly journals Prevalance of anemia in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection: a case control study in children between 6 months to 23 months

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1573
Author(s):  
Rajakumar N. Marol ◽  
Rohitkumar R. Marol ◽  
Renuka R. Marol
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Very High ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Anemia and ALRI are quite common in infants and toddlers in developing countries. ALRI is a leading cause of mortality in children below 5 years of age and it is important to prevent risk factors for development of ALRI. Present study was conducted to know the prevalence of anemia in children between 6 m to 23 m with ALRI and the relation between ALRI and anemia.Methods: This is a prospective case control study, conducted at Level 2 hospital situated in   backward district over a period of 1 year. Two hundred cases who had ALRI as per WHO criteria and 200 controls  were taken as the study group. Children were divided in to 3 different age groups. Haemoglobin level was estimated in all.Anemia was defined and classified according to WHO criteria.Results: Out of total 200 children both in cases and controls, 128 (64%) were males and 72 (36%) were females. Overall 190 (95%) of cases and 187 (93.5%) of controls had anemia. The prevalence of anemia was uniform in both sexes and all age groups. Children in the age group 6m -11m were more likely to develop ALRI.Conclusions: Prevalance of anemia in children between 6 m to 23 m with ALRI and without ALRI was 93.5% and 95% respectively. Authors cannot declare with affirmation that there was no association between Hb levels and ALRI as prevalence of anemia was very high in control group. Screening all children for anemia and taking proper intervention measures is necessary while treating for other ailments like ALRI.

scholarly journals Clinical Study of Patients With Prostatitis in Basrah and Missan Governments: A Case –Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Ihsan E AlSaimary ◽  
◽  
Hussein N AlDhaheri ◽  
Murtadha M ALMusafer ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Control Study

The Aim of this study was to determine Immunogenetic expression of Toll-like receptor gene clusters related to prostatitis, to give acknowledge about Role of TLR in prostatitis immunity in men from Basrah and Maysan provinces. A case–control study included 135 confirmed prostatitis patients And 50 persons as a control group. Data about age, marital status, working, infertility, family history and personal information like (Infection, Allergy, Steroid therapy, Residency, Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, Blood group, Body max index (BMI) and the clinical finding for all patients of Prostatitis were collected. From total number of (135) patients with prostatitis were taken from two provinces (Basrah and Missan) from the Basrah teaching hospital and Missan teaching hospital that included in the present study , In the clinical study found that patients presented with irritative symptoms with P-value <0.0001. The study also found that patients presented with Obstructive symptoms with P-value <0.0001. The study also found patients presented with Other symptoms with P-value <0.0001. And present study found that patients with Suprapubic Tenderness with P-value <0.0001. And in clinical symptoms show that the age group 40-49 years with P-value <0.0001. Age group 50-59 years found with P-value <0.0001. The third age group 60-69 years and the final age group >70 years with P-value <0.0001.

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