scholarly journals RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NEONATAL HYPOGLYCEMIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 687-690
Author(s):  
MUNIR AKMAL LODHI ◽  
GHULAM SHABBIR ◽  
NASIR ALI SHAH
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycemia ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Glucose Estimation

Objectives: Recurrent episodes of neonatal hypoglycemia are strongly associated with long termphysical and neuro-developmental deficits. (1) Moreover in neonates hypoglycemia can be overlooked as it may havenonspecific symptoms only. (2) This study was therefore carried out to analyse the risk factors associated with neonatalhypoglycemia and to evaluate the risk factors which have predictive value in its diagnosis. .Design: Based case controlstudy. Period: Six months from January 2005 to June 2005. Setting CMH Pano Aqil. Material and Methods: 385newborns were studied. Newborns of both civilians as well as military personnel were included in the study. 11newborns were excluded. Out of remaining 347 patients 101 were found to be hypoglycemia. Five risk factors (low birthweight, Birth Asphyxia, Neonatal sepsis, Meconeum aspiration syndrome delayed feeding ) strongly and independentlypredicated the risk of hypoglycemia. Results: The most common associated risk factor was low birth weight (47.47%)followed by delayed feeding (46.29%). Blood sampling for glucose estimation was done at birth / admission at 6 hours,12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours. Test was initially performed by glucometer, the reading which were confirmed bylaboratory testing in border line case. Conclusions: In neonates with associated risk factors it is cost affective to carryout blood glucose levels at the time of birth and follow up readings taken as indicated by clinical progress later on.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Neonatal Hypoglycemia During the First 48 Hours of Life in a Tertiary Level Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Md Kamrul Hassan ◽  
Abu Faisal Md Pervez ◽  
Rajib Biswas ◽  
Shuvo Debnath ◽  
Khalid Ahmed Syfullah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycemia ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Neonatal hypoglycemia is one of the common metabolic problems causing neonatal mortality and neurodevelopmental impairments. In developing countries, where the classic risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia prevail; understanding the prevalence and association of hypoglycemia in different settings is essential. Our aim of this study was to identify the incidence and associated risk factors that predicted the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia during the first 48 hours of life. This hospital-based prospective case-control study was undertaken in the Department of Pediatrics in Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh; from June 1, 2019 to July 31, 2019. Blood glucose levels of all the admitted newborns were noted on two occasions at 24 hours apart. Hypoglycemic neonates were selected as case and 3 euglycemic neonates for each case with similar age and sex were selected as control. Clinical characteristics of the mother and the baby were analyzed statistically in relation to the occurrence of hypoglycemia. We have found the incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia was 17.2%. Prematurity, low birth weight, small and large for gestational age, perinatal asphyxia, hypothermia, and delay in the initiation of breast feeding were significant neonatal factors. Maternal factors such as gestational diabetes mellitus, eclampsia, and fever during delivery had strong association as well. Understanding the incidence and risk factors may help prompt identification of hypoglycemic baby may also help to take early and effective measures to prevent the sequels of neonatal hypoglycemia. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 12-15

scholarly journals Clinical Features and Outcome of Birth Asphyxia in Hôpital du Cinquantenaire of Kisangani: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
B. G. Mande ◽  
K. V. Muyobela ◽  
V. E. Hasivirwe ◽  
L. B. Batoko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Aims: There paucity of studies on asphyxia, one of the three main reasons for newborn deaths in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). In this country, newborn mortality is among the highest in Africa. This study was conducted to identify the clinical features and outcome of perinatal asphyxia. Risk factors associated with asphyxia were also determined. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: It was conducted in the pediatric department of Hôpital du Cinquantenaire of Kisangani (HCK), from March 2013 to March 2017. Methodology: Clinical and biologic parameters (prenatal, perinatal and postnatal) of term newborns, hospitalised for perinatal asphyxia in the HCK were retrospectively collected and analysed. Data of dead newborns were compared to those who survived to determine risk factors associated with asphyxia mortality. One case matched three controls of the same sex. Results: During the period above, 612 newborns were received in the HCK, and 146 died. One hundred and nineteen out of 612 had perinatal asphyxia (19.4%), and 26 out of 119 died (17.8% of all newborn deaths and 21.8% of all asphyxia cases). The most frequent perinatal antecedents were premature rupture of the membranes, meconium-stained amniotic liquid, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. In bivariate analysis, factors associated with asphyxia lethality were low birthweight (P=.02), reference from another hospital (P =.01), age more than 24 hours (P =.02), associated sepsis (P =.003), asphyxia severity (P<.001) and the Stage 3 of Sarnat (P<.001). Conclusion: The frequency of the asphyxia is high in the HCK and its mortality associated with avoidable factors. Networking newborn referral, improving skills of nurses about obstetrical and neonatal emergency cares, and making available equipment for newborn resuscitation can reduce that mortality.  

scholarly journals Incidence and Associated Factors of Type 2 Diabetes: A Community-Based Cohort Study in the Central Region of Rural Community in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Annop Kittithaworn ◽  
Royal Dy ◽  
Panadda Hatthachote ◽  
Ram Rangsin ◽  
Mathirut Mungthin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated risk factors among adults in a rural community of Thailand. A prospective cohort study was conducted in a rural community of Thailand. Among 1358 nondiabetics ≥18 years, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was measured at baseline in 2008 to 2010 and at follow-up evaluation in 2015. After follow-up of 5213 person-years, 122 new cases of T2DM were ascertained corresponding to cumulative incidence of 23.40 per 1000 person-years. The independent factors associated with T2DM were age, male, prehypertension, hypertension, waist circumference, and impaired FPG. The incidence of T2DM in Thailand is high, and many risk factors are converging. The focus of public health efforts should be on abdominal obesity, hypertension, and impaired FPG. Special attention in terms of preventive strategies must be paid to individuals with impaired FPG, as this state is the most prominent predictor of developing T2DM.

scholarly journals Frequency of cholecystectomy and associated sociodemographic and clinical risk factors in the ELSA-Brasil study

2016 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-250
Author(s):  
Kamila Rafaela Alves ◽  
Alessandra Carvalho Goulart ◽  
Roberto Marini Ladeira ◽  
Ilka Regina Souza de Oliveira ◽  
Isabela Martins Benseñor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: There are few data in the literature on the frequency of cholecystectomy in Brazil. The frequency of cholecystectomy and associated risk factors were evaluated in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study using baseline data on 5061 participants in São Paulo. METHODS: The frequency of cholecystectomy and associated risk factors were evaluated over the first two years of follow-up of the study and over the course of life. A multivariate regression analysis was presented: odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS: A total of 4716 individuals (93.2%) with information about cholecystectomy were included. After two years of follow-up, 56 had undergone surgery (1.2%: 1.7% of the women; 0.6% of the men). A total of 188 participants underwent cholecystectomy during their lifetime. The risk factors associated with surgery after the two-year follow-up period were female sex (OR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.53-5.32), indigenous ethnicity (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 2.28-15.85) and body mass index (BMI) (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.19 per 1 kg/m2 increase). The risk factors associated over the lifetime were age (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05 per one year increase), diabetes (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.34-2.76) and previous bariatric surgery (OR, 5.37; 95% CI, 1.53-18.82). No association was found with parity or fertile age. CONCLUSION: Female sex and high BMI remained as associated risk factors while parity and fertile age lost significance. New factors such as bariatric surgery and indigenous ethnicity have gained importance in this country.

scholarly journals Fear-of-falling and associated risk factors in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: a 1 year prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma K. Stanmore ◽  
Jackie Oldham ◽  
Dawn A. Skelton ◽  
Terence O’Neill ◽  
Mark Pilling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Activity Restriction ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Falls, associated injuries and fear-of-falling are common in adults with RA. Fear-of-falling can be a major consequence of, and as debilitating as falling, resulting in a cycle of activity restriction, reduced quality of life, institutionalisation and potentially increase risk of falls. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between fear-of-falling and risk factors associated with fear-of-falling in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over a 1 year period. Methods Five hundred fifty-nine patients with RA were recruited from four outpatient clinics in this prospective cohort study. Baseline assessments included socio-demographic, medical and lifestyle related risk factors. Fall incidence was prospectively obtained monthly using postal cards over a 1 year period. Fear-of-falling was assessed at baseline and 1 year using the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International (Short FES-I). Logistic regression was used to determine the association between high fear-of-falling (Short FES-I > 11) at baseline (outcome) and a range of putative predictor variables including previous falls, and also baseline factors associated with a high fear-of-falling at follow-up. Results Five hundred thirty-five (ninety-six percent) participants (mean age 62.1 yrs.; 18–88 yrs) completed 1 year follow-up and of these, 254 (47%) completed the Short FES-I questionnaire at 1 year. In a multivariate model, a history of multiple falls (OR = 6.08) higher HAQ score (OR = 4.87) and increased time to complete the Chair Stand Test (OR = 1.11) were found to be independent predictors of high fear-of-falling and had an overall classification rate of 87.7%. There were no significant differences found in fear-of-falling at 1 year follow-up in those who reported falls during the study, participant’s baseline fear appeared to predict future fear, regardless of further falls. Conclusions Fear-of-falling is significantly associated with previous falls and predictive of future falls and fear. RA patients would benefit from fall prevention measures whether or not they have previously fallen.

scholarly journals Post phototherapy bilirubin rebound: incidence and risk factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 4112
Author(s):  
Richa Soni ◽  
Shayam L. Kaushik ◽  
Rajni Kaushik ◽  
Parveen Bhardwaj ◽  
S. Mohabey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
American Academy ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Rebound hyperbilirubinemia may occur after cessation of phototherapy in new-borns in certain high-risk situations. However, data regarding the phenomenon of bilirubin rebound is lacking from India. Aim was to study the incidence and associated risk factors of post phototherapy rebound hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: The study subjects included all neonates (gestation >34 weeks) admitted to newborn unit who required phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia. Unit protocol based on American academy of pediatrics (AAP) guidelines were used to start and stop phototherapy. Rebound bilirubin was measured 24±6 hours after stopping phototherapy. Significant bilirubin rebound (SBR) was defined as post phototherapy bilirubin level needing reinstitution of phototherapy. The risk factors associated with significant rebound were studied.Results: Out of total 509 neonates who received phototherapy due to hyperbilirubinemia, 63 (12%) had significant bilirubin rebound requiring reinstitution of phototherapy. There was significant risk for rebound in neonates who had prematurity (p <0.01), ABO (<0.001) and Rh incompatibility (p<0.005) with mother, G6PD deficiency (p < 0.001) and onset of hyperbilirubinemia less than 72 hours of postnatal age (p< 0.001). However, neonates with extravasations of blood, polycythaemia, sepsis, other causes of haemolysis and idiopathic group did not have significant risk of developing rebound.Conclusions: Post phototherapy bilirubin estimation and follow up should be ensured in high-risk neonates.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic and Lipid Levels in Ambulatory Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Okoth Achila ◽  
Millen Ghebretinsae ◽  
Abraham Kidane ◽  
Michael Simon ◽  
Shewit Makonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Specific Lipid

Objective. There is a dearth of relevant research on the rapidly evolving epidemic of diabetes mellitus (particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus) in sub-Saharan Africa. To address some of these issues in the Eritrean context, we conducted a cross-sectional study on glycemic and lipid profiles and associated risk factors. Methods. A total of 309 patients with diabetes mellitus on regular follow-up at the Diabetic and Hypertensive Department at Halibet Regional Referral Hospital, Asmara, were enrolled for the study. Data on specific clinical chemistry and anthropomorphic parameters was collected. Chi-squared (χ2) test or Fischer’s exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Multivariate logistic regression (backward: conditional) was undertaken to identify the factors associated with increased odds of suboptimal values in glucose and specific lipid panel subfractions. Results. High proportions of patients (76.7%) had suboptimal levels of HbA1c with a mean±SD of 8.6%±1.36, respectively. In multivariate regression analysis, the likelihood of HbA1c≥7% was higher in patients with abnormal WHR (AOR=3.01, 95% CI, 3.01 (1.15–7.92=0.024)) and in patients without hypertension (AOR=1.97, 95% CI (1.06–3.56), p=0.021). A unit reduction in eGFR was also associated with HbA1c≥7% (AOR=0.99, 95% CI (0.98–1=0.031)). In a separate analysis, the data shows that 80.9% of the patients had dyslipidemia. In particular, 62.1% of the patients had TC≥200 mg/dL (risk factors: sex, hypertension, and HbA1c concentration), 81.6% had LDL‐C≥100 mg/dL (risk factors: sex and hypertension), 56.3% had TG≥150 (risk factors: sex, HbA1c, and waist circumference), 62.8% had abnormal HDL-C (risk factors: waist circumference), 78.3% had non‐HDL<130 mg/dL (risk factors: duration of disease, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HbA1c), and 45.3% had abnormal TG/HDL (risk factors: sex, age of patient, FPG, and waist circumference). Conclusions. The quality of care, as measured by glycemic and specific lipid targets, in this setting is suboptimal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for simultaneous improvements in both indicators. This will require evidence-based optimization of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. Therefore, additional studies, preferably longitudinal studies with long follow-up, are required on multiple aspects of DM.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Associated Risk Factors among Indigenous Breeds of Goats in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaolu T. Olufemi ◽  
Danjuma B. Dantala ◽  
Paul A. Shinggu ◽  
Umesi A. Dike ◽  
Gbeminiyi R. Otolorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
La Jolla

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wukari, Taraba state, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies and the risk factors associated with brucellosis in indigenous breeds of goats. A total of 386 goats were sampled from three political wards: Puje, Avyi, and Hospital: harvested sera samples were subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). GraphPad Prism version 7.03 for Windows (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California, USA) was used to analyse the association between seroprevalence of brucellosis and age, sex, breed, location, and management system by using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Brucellosis was detected in all three wards: Puje; 15%, Avyi; 6.6%, and Hospital; 7.6%. A prevalence rate of 2.8%, 8%, 18.7%, and 1% was recorded for <20-month, 22-35-month, 36-45-month, and ≥46-55-month age categories, respectively (P < 0.05). Only 9.5% was observed for male animals while 9.8% was observed for female animals with no statistical difference between the males and females. Breed-specific seroprevalence yielded 7.4%, 5.4% 12%, 12.8%, and 11.6%, for Cross, West Africa Dwarf, Red Sokoto, Kano Brown, and Sahel breeds of goat, respectively. There is an evidence of brucellosis (9.6%) in Wukari L.G.A, Taraba State, and age is a risk factor for the disease in the study area. There is a need to enlighten the public on the zoonotic potentials and economic impacts of brucellosis.

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