BALANCED DIET

Objective: Non-pharmacological intervention to manage the health by healthybalanced diet and life style modifications. Study Design: Randomized Cross sectional Study.Place & Duration: Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) laboratoryKarachi from March 2012 to June 2013. Material & Methods: In this study, 210 volunteers wereincluded (137 male and 73 female) aged between 25-60 years. The study was conducted withthe questionnaire being filled at PCSIR labs, Karachi. The study period included from March toMay 2012. One year later the same group of volunteers were re-examined from March to June2013, who managed to alter the diet and life style for one year. The questionnaire was filled by anexpert well versed in collecting the data from the patients who attended the OPD at PCSIR labs.Results: The results indicate that a lot of people in our population lead a sedentary life styleand do not take part in physical activity which leads to health problems due to comparativelyless energy / calories expenditure. Conclusion: Efforts should be made globally to createa public awareness and provide healthy environment to the people about pursuing healthylifestyles. Several life style behaviors may influence to maintain energy balance over long term.The primary approach for achieving weight loss is lifestyle changes which includes reducedintake of calories and increase in physical activity. Regular, moderate intensity physical activityenhances long term weight maintenance and balance between energy input and output.

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Study of life style determinants of overweight and obesity among school going adolescents in urban Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20170290 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 554

Author(s):

Shashi Prabha Tomar ◽

Pradeep Kumar Kasar ◽

Rajesh Tiwari

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Life Style ◽

Internet Use ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Health Concern ◽

Tv Viewing ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Obesity has become a colossal epidemic causing serious public health concern and contributes to 2.6 million deaths worldwide every year. Indian data regarding current trends in childhood obesity are emerging. Considering the fact that India has rapidly growing middle class easily habituated for enormous lifestyle changes in recent decades responsible for developing potential platform for obesity among youths. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the associations between overweight, obesity and several lifestyle factors, including physical activity, sedentary behaviours among adolescents aged 10-17 years.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two schools of Jabalpur located around medical college area , 184 students effectively interviewed by predesigned questionnaire regarding Socio-demographic profile ie current residence, age, mothers educational and occupational status and family size and life style practices like the physical activity questions designed to asses typical time spent per day on games and outdoor activity, on sedentary activities, including television (TV) viewing, video games, and computer and internet use. Data entry and data processing were carried out using the SPSS version 17 software and data analyses were applied using the appropriate statistical tests of significance.Results: Prevalence of obesity and overweight: Of the 184 adolescents studied, 7.6% were obese and 2.2% were pre-obese.Conclusions: Among all of the lifestyle factors assessed, overweight and obesity exhibited associations with less frequent physical activity, and more television and internet use.

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Indirect Health Effects of COVID-19: Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors during the Lockdown in the United Arab Emirates

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041964 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1964

Author(s):

Hadia Radwan ◽

Mahra Al Kitbi ◽

Hayder Hasan ◽

Marwa Al Hilali ◽

Nada Abbas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Lifestyle Change ◽

Change Score ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Lifestyle Behaviors ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results

Background: Lockdown measures were implemented in many countries to limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, such restrictions could precipitate unintended negative consequences on lifestyle behaviors. The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and determinants of unhealthy behavior changes during the COVID-19 lockdown among residents of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey of adults residing in the UAE was carried out during lockdown (n = 2060). Using a multi-component questionnaire, the collected data included questions regarding the following lifestyle changes: Increased dietary intake, increased weight, decreased physical activity, decreased sleep, and increased smoking. An unhealthy lifestyle change score was calculated based on the number of unhealthy lifestyle changes each participant reported. In addition, sociodemographic and living conditions information was collected. Descriptive statistics as well as simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the prevalence and determinants of the unhealthy lifestyle changes considered in this study. Results: Among the unhealthy lifestyle changes examined, increased food intake was the most common (31.8%), followed by decreased physical activity (30%), increased weight (29.4%), decreased sleep (20.8%), and increased smoking (21%). In addition to identifying the correlates of each of the aforementioned lifestyle changes, the results of the multiple regression linear analyses revealed the following correlates for the overall unhealthy lifestyle change score: females (β = 0.32, CI: 0.22; 0.42), living in an apartment (β = 0.12, CI: 0.003; 0.23) and being overweight/obese (β = 0.24, CI: 0.15; 0.32) had higher scores, while older adults (>40 years) had lower scores (β = −0.23, CI: −0.34; −0.12). Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown has resulted in a high prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and practices among UAE residents. The findings of this study provided the evidence base for officials to design interventions targeting high-risk groups and aiming to improve healthy lifestyle factors among residents during the pandemic.

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Perceived anxiety and physical activity behaviour changes during the early stages of COVID-19 restrictions in community-dwelling adults in Canada: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050550 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. e050550

Author(s):

Gavin R McCormack ◽

Patricia K Doyle-Baker ◽

Jennie A Petersen ◽

Dalia Ghoneim

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Sectional Study ◽

High Anxiety ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic changed daily routines, including physical activity, which could influence physical and mental health. In our study, we describe physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns in relation to the pandemic and estimate associations between anxiety and physical activity and sedentary behaviour in community-dwelling adults.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingCalgary, Alberta, Canada.ParticipantsBetween April and June 2020, a random sample of 1124 adults (≥18 years) completed an online questionnaire.Primary and secondary outcomesThe online questionnaire captured current walking, moderate intensity, vigorous intensity and total physical activity and sedentary behaviour (ie, sitting and leisure-based screen time), perceived relative changes in physical activity, sedentary and social behaviours since the pandemic, perceived seriousness and anxiety related to COVID-19, and sociodemographic characteristics. Differences in sociodemographic characteristics, perceived relative change in behaviour and current physical activity and sedentary behaviour were compared between adults with low and high anxiety.ResultsOur sample (n=1047) included more females (60.3%) and fewer older adults (19.2%). Most participants (88.4%) considered COVID-19 as extremely or very serious and one-third (32.9%) felt extremely or very anxious. We found no differences (p>0.05) in current physical activity or sedentary behaviour by anxiety level. The largest perceived change in behaviours included social distancing, driving motor vehicles, use of screen-based devices, watching television and interactions with neighbours. We found anxiety-related differences (p<0.05) in perceived changes in various behaviours.ConclusionsChanges in physical activity, sedentary behaviour and social behaviour occurred soon after the COVID-19 pandemic was declared, and some of these changes differed among those with low and high anxiety.

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Effect of Confinement by COVID-19 on the Lifestyle of the University Population of Argentina: Evaluation of Physical Activity, Food and Sleep (Efecto del confinamiento por COVID-19 sobre el estilo de vida en población universitaria de Argentina: Evaluaci

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v43i0.88461 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 274-282

Author(s):

Leonardo Intelangelo ◽

Nacim Molina Gutiérrez ◽

Nicolás Bevacqua ◽

Cristian Mendoza ◽

Iris Paola Guzmán-Guzmán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Good Nutrition ◽

University Population

Objective: to determine lifestyle changes, such as physical activity, nutrition, and sleep in an Argentinean university population, caused by confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study via web survey. 1021 the Argentinean university population (women, n = 645 and men, n = 376) aged between 18–70 years old was participate. Survey was utilized to measure participant physical activity behavior, nutrition, and sleep April to May 2020. Results: the main findings revealed that 4.3% of the sample showed obesity; the highest proportion of the sample stayed more than 6 hours in a sedentary status; 21.74% reported bad sleep quality; a reduction in good feeding pattern; and an increase in subjects who do not perform physical activity. According to socio-demographic and anthropometric factors, being a student (OR 2.19, CI95% 1.18 - 4, p= .012), overweight (OR 1.71, CI95% 1.19 – 2.44, p= .003), obesity (OR 4.45, CI95% 2.27 – 8.7, p< .001), and have been confined more than 45 days was associated with bad feeding. Likewise, low physical activity levels were associated with obesity (OR 3.2 CI95% 1.66 – 6.18, p= .001), being female (OR 1.61, CI95% 1.14 –2.28, p= .006) and get married (OR 1.72, CI95% 1.14 – 2.61, p= .009). Moreover, being a student was associated with poor sleep quality (OR 43.6, CI95%5.4 – 350, p< .001). Conclusion: This study suggests that confinement decreased healthy living habits such as good nutrition and physical activity and affected the quality of sleep in young subjects. Resumen. Objetivo: determinar los cambios en el estilo de vida, como la actividad física, la nutrición y el sueño en una población universitaria argentina, causados por el confinamiento durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio transversal mediante encuesta por Internet. Participaron 1021 personas de la población universitaria argentina (mujeres, n = 645 y hombres, n = 376) de entre 18 y 70 años de edad. La encuesta fue utilizada para medir el comportamiento de la actividad física, la nutrición y el sueño de los participantes de abril a mayo de 2020.Resultados: los principales hallazgos mostraron que el 4,3% de la muestra presentaba obesidad; la mayor proporción de la muestra permaneció más de 6 horas en estado sedentario; el 21,74% informó sobre la mala calidad del sueño; una reducción de los hábitos correctos de alimentación; y un aumento de los participantes que no realizan actividad física. De acuerdo con factores socio-demográficos y antropométricos, ser estudiante (OR 2.19, CI95% 1.18 - 4, p= .012), el sobrepeso (OR 1.71, CI95% 1.19 - 2.44, p= .003), la obesidad (OR 4.45, CI95% 2.27 - 8.7, p< .001), y haber estado confinado más de 45 días se asoció con una mala alimentación. Asimismo, los bajos niveles de actividad física se asociaron con la obesidad (OR 3,2; IC95% 1,66 - 6,18, p= .001), ser mujer (OR 1,61; IC95% 1,14 -2,28, p= .006) y estar casado (OR 1,72; IC95% 1,14 - 2,61, p= .009). Además, ser estudiante se asoció con una mala calidad de sueño (OR 43,6, CI95% 5,4 - 350, p< .001). Conclusión: Este estudio sugiere que el confinamiento disminuyó los hábitos de vida saludables como la buena nutrición, la actividad física, y afectó la calidad del sueño en sujetos jóvenes.

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EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON CARDIOMETABOLIC MARKERS IN ADOLESCENTS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte ◽

10.1590/1517-869220162203149448 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 235-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Valter Paulo Neves Miranda ◽

Paulo Roberto dos Santos Amorim ◽

Nathália Cristina Borges Oliveira ◽

Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio ◽

Silvia Eloiza Priore

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Precise Control ◽

Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽

Systemic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Cardiometabolic Markers ◽

Intensity Of Exercise

ABSTRACT The accumulation of body fat is a major risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. Obesity can be considered a chronic systemic inflammatory disease in adults and younger people. The control of subclinical inflammation process through the practice of physical activity (PA) can mitigate the effects of risk factors that trigger atherosclerosis that worsens with advancing age. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the influence of physical activity and/or exercise on cardiometabolic markers and othrer risk factors of cardiovascular disease in adolescents. A systematic review was conducted in electronic databases Scopus, Pubmed, Conchrane Collection and SciELO. The terms used in the search were "cardiovascular diseases AND inflammation AND adolescents AND physical activity OR exercise". A total of 24 original articles were evaluated, being 14 longitudinal and 10 cross-sectional studies. Overall, 16 articles (66.66%) showed that PA, exercise and/or sedentary behavior may have influenced or have been related to the concentration of cardiometabolic markers. All studies that examined lifestyle changes showed reduction of cardiometabolic markers. Some limitations were observed: reduced samples, lack of dietary prescription, evaluation and control of volume and intensity of exercise. Most of the studies analyzed showed that the physical activity could influence and decrease the concentrations of cardiometabolic markers in adolescents. However, studies with representative sample size and precise control in assessing the level of physical activity and/or exercise are required to determine accurately the changes that the more active lifestyle can bring on inflammatory process, as well as other risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases in adolescents.

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Interaction of physical activity and diet: implications for haemostatic factors

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898009900052x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 2 (3a) ◽

pp. 383-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rainer Rauramaa ◽

SB Väisänen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Coagulation ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Regular Physical Activity ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Platelet Aggregability ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

The Impact

AbstractRegular moderate intensity physical activity and habitual diet providing no more than one third of energy from fats have been recommended for the prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. The background for these guidelines is the key role of plasma lipids. However, the importance of thrombogenesis in acute myocardial infarction has become obvious during the last decade. Hyperlipidaemia and excess of adipose tissue increase platelet aggregability and blood coagulation, and decrease fibrinolysis. Both regular physical activity and dietary fat reduction decrease blood lipids and body fat thereby diminishing the risk of thrombosis. Currently, data on interactions between physical activity and diet on haemostasis are scarce, and the few studies available have not demonstrated additional effects when these two lifestyle modifications have been combined. This paper is restricted only to studies using controlled randomized design. Regular moderate intensity physical activity as well as diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids decrease platelet aggregability. The effects of regular physical activity on plasma fibrinogen remain contradictory, while the impact of diet is even less clear. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, a possible link between insulin resistance syndrome and coronary heart disease, may decrease due to physical training or low fat diet. It can be hypothesized that moderation in physical activity and diet carries a more powerful impact on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis than either lifestyle modification alone. Studies focusing on the interactions of regular moderate physical activity and fat-modified diet are needed in efforts to optimize the preventive actions by lifestyle changes.

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Provider advice on physical activity and nutrition in twin pregnancies: a cross-sectional electronic survey

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-019-2574-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kara M. Whitaker ◽

Meghan Baruth ◽

Rebecca A. Schlaff ◽

Hailee Talbot ◽

Christopher P. Connolly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

The United States ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Lifestyle Behaviors ◽

Care Providers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Activity Restriction ◽

Electronic Survey ◽

Provider Advice ◽

Twin Pregnancies

Abstract Background Health care providers should counsel pregnant patients on physical activity and nutrition to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, little is known about provider advice on these lifestyle behaviors among women pregnant with twins, a growing population at high risk for pregnancy complications. We examined the prevalence and content of provider advice on physical activity and nutrition among women pregnant with twins. Methods A cross-sectional electronic survey was administered to 276 women who delivered twins in the past 3 years and received prenatal care in the United States. The proportion of women reporting provider advice on physical activity and nutrition during prenatal visits (yes/no) was assessed and open-ended questions examined the content of provider advice. Bivariate differences in participant characteristics, stratified by provider advice on physical activity and nutrition (yes/no), were assessed. Responses from open-ended questions were examined using a content analysis approach to identify commonly reported advice on physical activity and nutrition. Results Approximately 75 and 63% of women reported provider advice on physical activity and nutrition, respectively, during their twin pregnancy. Women who recalled advice on physical activity most commonly reported recommendations to walk at a light to moderate intensity level. However, few women reported physical activity recommendations consistent with current guidelines, and approximately 55% of women reported provider advice to limit or restrict activity during their pregnancy, including bedrest. Nutrition advice was focused on eating a healthy, balanced diet and increasing protein intake. More women reported self-initiating the conversation on physical activity with their provider (40%) compared to nutrition (21%). Despite limited advice, 70% of women reported being satisfied or very satisfied with the information they received from their provider on physical activity or nutrition. Conclusions The majority of women reported provider advice on physical activity and nutrition during their twin pregnancies. However, advice was limited in detail, and physical activity levels were commonly restricted, despite the lack of evidence that activity restriction is beneficial during pregnancy. More research is needed to determine the optimal physical activity and dietary patterns in twin pregnancies to facilitate clear and consistent provider counseling on these lifestyle behaviors.

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Association between early life factors and accelerometry-based physical activity measures in children aged 5-7 years old

Journal of Physical Education ◽

10.4025/jphyseduc.v31i1.3138 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Laura Siqueira de Souza Andrade ◽

Carla Menêses Hardman ◽

Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Birth Order ◽

Early Life ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Activity Measures ◽

Early Life Factors ◽

Daily Time

The present study aims to verify if there is an association between early life factors (birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding, birth order and preterm birth) and accelerometry-based physical activity measures in children aged 5 to 7 years old. It is a cross-sectional study carried out with children from public and private schools in Recife, Brazil. A questionnaire was applied to the children's parents. Of the 784 children participating in the study, 491 had at least three days of valid monitoring. It was possible to identify that the children classified as the fourth ones, as to birth order, or over, were 83% less likely to have a low percentage of daily time spent on moderate-intensity physical activities compared to firstborns (OR = 0.17; 0.03-0.80). Only birth order was negatively associated with low percentage of daily time spent on moderate physical activities, even after adjustment for confounding factors.

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Aerobic capacity, physical activity and pain in adult victims of moderate to severe burns after discharge

Acta Scientiarum Health Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascihealthsci.v39i1.31803 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edna Yukimi Itakussu ◽

Paola Janeiro Valenciano ◽

Dirce Shizuko Fujisawa ◽

Elza Hiromi Tokushima Anami ◽

Celita Salmaso Trelha

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

High Body Mass Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Complete Healing ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Severe Burns

Burns cause different impacts on the individual life. Many are the problems faced by survivors, such as hypermetabolism that may persist years after the event. The aim was to assess aerobic capacity, level of physical activity and pain in adult burn victims after hospital discharge. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Participants (n = 60) were adult victims of moderate to severe burns, evaluated by six-minute walk test (6MWT), Pain Scale and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). We applied Student’s t-test for independent samples and Mann-Whitney test for comparisons between medium and large burned; Chi-square test to compare the level of physical activity. Large burned (73%) patients prevailed among the 60 participants; there was a statistically significant trend in the distance predicted between groups (p = 0.066), with no change in performance of the aerobic capacity. 60% reported physical activity practice at least three times a week: walking, cycling and soccer. As for the level of pain, 40% reported moderate to severe persistent pain, even after complete healing of wounds. Most participants showed aerobic capacity within the normal range, despite the high body mass index reported, they reported doing physical activities of moderate intensity.

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The relationship between physical activity and mental health varies across activity intensity levels and dimensions of mental health among women and men

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980009992825 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1207-1214 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Melinda Asztalos ◽

Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽

Greet Cardon

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

General Population ◽

Well Being ◽

Population Based ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Activity Intensity ◽

Secondary Analyses ◽

The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveTo explore gender-specific variations related to activity intensity in the relationship between physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH). Evaluating whether psychological well-being enhances with increases in PA at recommended levels and above, in the general population.DesignCross-sectional.SettingPopulation-based, representative for Belgium.SubjectsA total of 6803 adults aged 25–64 years from the Belgian National Health Interview Survey.ResultsMultiple logistic regression analyses showed that clearly different intensity levels characterised the PA that associated with MH in women and men. In men, inverse associations existed between participation in vigorous-intensity PA and feelings of depression (OR = 0·580; 95 % CI 0·405, 0·830), anxiety (OR = 0·547; 95 % CI 0·364, 0·821) and symptoms of somatisation (OR = 0·590; 95 % CI 0·398, 0·874). In women, positive associations existed between walking and emotional well-being (OR = 1·202; 95 % CI 1·038, 1·394) and inverse associations between participation in moderate-intensity PA and symptoms of somatisation (OR = 0·737; 95 % CI 0·556, 0·977). Secondary analyses confirmed that differences in psychological complaints were significant for vigorous PA in men, and for moderate PA in women, whereas differences in emotional well-being were significant for walking exclusively in women.ConclusionsIn the general population, the PA–MH relationship is always positive, regardless of activity intensity. In men, it addresses complaints (symptoms, palpable discomfort) and the optimal PA intensity is high. In women, it addresses complaints, but also distress (lowered mood, disturbing anxiety, altered well-being) and the PA intensity is mild.

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