scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 680-686
Author(s):  
Hira Aziz ◽  
Fauzia Naz
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Correlational Research ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
Cognitive Failure ◽  
Psychological Maladjustment ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Predictive Relationship

Objectives: The present study examined the effects of alcohol consumptionon cognitive failures, depressive symptoms, pessimism and psychological maladjustmentamong alcoholics. The research further explored predictive relationship between cognitivedisturbances, depressive symptoms, pessimism and psychological maladjustment inalcoholics. Study Design: Between-groups correlational research design. Settings: Lahorecity. Method: A sample of 33 men and 4 women (age: 20-60 years) who were addicted toalcohol were recruited. Equal number of comparison group who do not use alcohol, matchedon age, gender and socioeconomic status were recruited. Cognitive Failure Questionnaire1,Personality Assessment Questionnaire2, Life Orientation Test3 and Centre for EpidemiologicalScale for Depression Scale4 were used as assessment measures. Results: Results of thestudy showed that alcoholics had higher scores on cognitive failures, depressive symptoms,pessimism and psychological maladjustments as compare to the non-alcoholics. There was asignificant predictive relationship between cognitive failures, pessimism, depressive symptomsand psychological maladjustment. Results of AMOS show model fit with cognitive failure,depressive symptoms and pessimism as significant predictors of different dimensions ofpsychological maladjustment among alcoholics.

Social Skills as Predictors of Cognitive Failure, Attention Deficits and Psychological Maladjustment in School Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-151
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
School Children ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Social Skills Rating System ◽  
Cognitive Failure ◽  
Psychological Maladjustment

Poor social skills are linked with presence of cognitive and attention difficulties as well as poor social functioning and presence of cognition disturbances. Present research aimed to explore poor social skills as predictors of cognitive failure, attention deficits and psychological maladjustment in school children. Sampleincluded 200 students (100 girls & 100 boys) of class 4 & 5 with the meanage= 10.12(SD= 1.37).Social Skills Rating System, The Cognitive Failure Questionnaire, Attention Deficits Questionnaire (child version) and Personality Assessment Questionnaire were used to assess social skills, cognitive failure, attention deficits and psychological adjustment respectively.Results revealed significant inverse correlation of different social skills i.e., assertion, empathy, cooperation and self-control with cognitive failure, attention deficits and psychological maladjustment (p<0.01) Whereas cognitive failure, attention deficits had positive correlation with psychological maladjustment (p<0.01). Hierarchical regression analyses showed social skills deficits emerged as significant predictors of cognitive failures, attention deficits and psychological maladjustment in school children.

The predictive relationship between sensory reactivity and depressive symptoms in young autistic children with few to no words

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Rossow ◽  
Keren MacLennan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Language Delay ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Sensory Reactivity ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Predictive Relationship

Depression, much like other mental health conditions, is common in autism, with autistic individuals much more likely to be diagnosed than their non-autistic peers. Sensory reactivity differences are also commonly experienced by autistic individuals and have been associated with depressive symptoms. However, there is little understanding of the predictive relationship between sensory reactivity and depressive symptoms, or the nature of this relationship in autistic children who speak few to no words. This study set out to explore the longitudinal relationship between sensory reactivity and depressive symptoms in 33 young autistic children who speak few to no words over two timepoints. We found positive correlations between depressive symptoms and hyper-reactivity and sensory seeking at both timepoints. We further found a bidirectional predictive relationship between depressive symptoms and sensory seeking. These results implicate sensory seeking in the development of depressive symptoms in young autistic children who use few to no words. Our findings have important implications for preventative mental health interventions, especially for those with a developmental language delay.Key words: autism; sensory reactivity; depression; children; language delay

scholarly journals Employee empowerment and organizational citizenship behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Damianus Abun ◽  
Theogenia Magallanes ◽  
Vanjesryl G. Calaycay ◽  
Melvin, F. Aurelio ◽  
Fredolin P. Julian
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Employee Empowerment ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Citizenship Behaviors ◽  
Delegation Of Authority ◽  
Correlational Research ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High

The study aimed to find out the effect of employee empowerment practices on the organizational citizenship behaviors of employees toward the organization and toward their coworkers (OCBP & OCBO). To support and establish the theory of the study, literature was reviewed. The study used the descriptive correlational research design and it used the questionnaires to gather the data. The study found that the empowerment practices of the Divine Word College of Laoag in terms of delegation of authority, autonomy, and self-efficacy self-management is high and even the different dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior are also high but not very high. Concerning the relationship between empowerment practices and organizational citizenship behavior of employees, the study was found to be significantly correlated. Therefore, the hypothesis of this study is accepted.  

scholarly journals Cognitive failures in late adulthood: The role of age, social context and depressive symptoms

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e0189683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kenneth Hitchcott ◽  
Maria Chiara Fastame ◽  
Dalila Langiu ◽  
Maria Pietronilla Penna
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Cognitive Failures

Relations of Mood States with Types of Typical Cognitive Failure in Every Life: A Diary Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Yamanaka
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Diary Study ◽  
Attentional State ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
Cognitive Failure ◽  
Written Description

Over a 2-wk. period, 19 volunteers kept structured diaries in which they recorded the contents of naturally occurring cognitive failures, including the hour and date of occurrence, attentional state, and mood state. 36 volunteers who were controls completed a written description of their activity 10 min. prior to the onset as well as account of their moods and attentional states during their occurrence. The recorded cognitive failures were independently classified into three types (perceptual/attentional failures, memory failures, and action failures) by two judges. Each type had a different peak of occurrence over the course of the day. Perceptual/attentional failures and memory failures occurred when the volunteers were in a preoccupied state. The state when every type of cognitive failure occurred was a suppressed mood state with high arousal. These results were discussed based on resource allocation models.

scholarly journals Impact of severity of personality disorder on the outcome of depression

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 322-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan D. Kelly ◽  
Ula A. Nur ◽  
Peter Tyrer ◽  
Patricia Casey
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Significant Independent Predictor ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Treatment Type

AbstractThe influence of severity of personality disorder on outcome of depression is unclear. Four hundred and ten patients with depression in 9 urban and rural communities in Finland, Ireland, Norway, Spain and the United Kingdom, were randomised to individual problem-solving treatment (n = 121), group sessions on depression prevention (n = 106) or treatment as usual (n = 183). Depressive symptoms were recorded at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Personality assessment was performed using the Personality Assessment Schedule and analysed by severity (no personality disorder, personality difficulty, simple personality disorder, complex personality disorder). Complete personality assessments were performed on 301 individuals of whom 49.8% had no personality disorder; 19.3% had personality difficulties; 13.0% had simple personality disorder; and 17.9% had complex personality disorder. Severity of personality disorder was correlated with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores at baseline (Spearman's r = 0.21; p < 0.001), 6 months (r = 0.14; p = 0.02) and 12 months (r = 0.21; p = 0.001). On multi-variable analysis, BDI at baseline (p < 0.001) and type of treatment offered (individual therapy, group therapy, treatment as usual) (p = 0.01) were significant independent predictors of BDI at 6 months. BDI at baseline was the sole significant independent predictor of BDI at 12 months (p < 0.001). There was no interaction between personality disorder and treatment type for depression.While multi-variable analyses indicate that depressive symptoms at baseline are the strongest predictor of depressive symptoms at 6 and 12 months, the strong correlations between severity of personality disorder and depressive symptoms make it difficult to establish the independent effect of personality disorder on outcome of depression.

scholarly journals Relationship between Father Rejection and Psychological Maladjustment of Criminals

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
Bushra Sajid ◽  
Mahnazir Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Criminal Group ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Maladjustment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Assessment Questionnaire

The present study assessed the degree of perceived father acceptance-rejection and its relationship with psychological maladjustment in a group of 81 prisoners (40 males and 41 females) with the mean age of 37.2 years (SD=13.77), selected from the Central Jail, Peshawar. For comparison, 90 non- criminal adults (45 males and 45 females) having mean age of 36.23 (SD=12.68), were selected from the general population, matched with the criminal group in terms of their demographic characteristics. Short form of Father Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (Adult PARQ Father), and Personality Assessment Questionnaire (Adult PAQ ) by Rohner & Khaleque (2008), translated into Urdu by Riaz (2011) were used for assessment. Results revealed that criminals perceived more father rejection than non-criminals and multiple regression analysis showed that father rejection, specifically father indifference/neglect, is a significant predictor of psychological maladjustment in criminals/prisoners. These findings, therefore, support the hypotheses of the study.

scholarly journals CANNABIS (BHANG, CHARAS) CONSUMPTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (05) ◽  
pp. 597-602
Author(s):  
Fauzia Naz
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cognitive Failure ◽  
Consumption Frequency ◽  
Cannabis Consumption ◽  
Cognitive Disturbances

Cannabis or marijuana is an illegal drug that is being used mostly by young adultscan have adverse effects i.e., dependence syndrome, impaired respiratory and cardiovascularfunctions, psychosocial and mental health disorders. Objective: The present study examinedthe effects of cannabis (including bhang & charas) consumption on emotional and cognitivedisturbances and depressive symptoms in young adults who use cannabis. The researchfurther explored that cannabis consumption frequency will mediate between emotional andcognitive disturbances and depressive symptoms in young adults. Study Design: Correlationalresearch design. Settings: Lahore city. Method: Sample included 200 young adults who usedcannabis in routine and 200 young adults who did not consume any kind of substance. Theage range of the sample was between 20 years to 27 years. Snowball sampling technique wasused to recruit sample. The comparison group was matched on age, education and socioeconomicstatus. Cognitive Failure Questionnaire1, Emotional Regulation Scale2 and PatientHealth Questionnaire3 were used as assessment measures. Results: Results showed thatyoung adults who use cannabis had higher emotional and cognitive disturbances and hadmore depressive symptoms compared to the normal controls. There was a significant positiverelationship and association between cannabis consumption and emotional and cognitivedisturbances and depressive symptoms. Cannabis consumption had mediating relationshipbetween cognitive and emotional disturbances and depressive symptoms. Implications of thestudy along with strengths and limitations of the current study are discussed.

Self-Reported Cognitive Failures

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Wilhelm ◽  
Michael Witthöft ◽  
Stefan Schipolowski
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Interference ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
Cognitive Failure ◽  
Report Measure

The Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ) is a well-known and frequently used self-report measure of cognitive lapses and slips, for example, throwing away the candy bar and keeping the wrapping. Measurement models of individual differences in cognitive failures have failed to produce consistent results so far. In this article we establish a measurement model distinguishing three factors of self-reported cognitive failures labeled Clumsiness, Retrieval, and Intention forgotten. The relationships of the CFQ factors with a variety of self-report instruments are investigated. Measures of minor lapses, neuroticism, functional and dysfunctional self-consciousness, cognitive interference, and memory complaints provide evidence across several studies for the interpretation of self-reported cognitive failures as an aspect of neuroticism that primarily reflects general subjective complaints about cognition. We conclude that self-report measures about cognition ought to be interpreted as expressing worries about one’s cognition rather than measuring cognitive abilities themselves.

scholarly journals Development of a Model to Predict love Trauma Syndrome in Students According to Personality Traits, Initial Maladaptive Schemas and Spiritual Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Etemadnia ◽  
◽  
Shohreh Shiroodi ◽  
Javad Khalatbari ◽  
Shahnam Abolghasemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Correlational Research

Objectives Love trauma syndrome is a common occurrence among college students that can result to psychological and educational problems. The current research supposed to illustrate the role of personality traits, early maladaptive Schemas and spiritual health in prediction of love trauma syndrome. Methods The present study was a correlational research based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The population includes all students of Tehran universities who suffers love trauma syndrome. 500 subjects were selected by cluster random sampling and answered the Love Trauma Inventory(LTI), Hexaco Personality Questionnaire(HEXACO), Young Schema Questionnaire(YSQ-SF) and Spirituality Index of Well-Being(SIWB). Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling using LISREL software. Results SEM model showed a root mean square error of 0.043 which indicate good model fit. Conclusion The provided model for predicting LT syndrome was a good fitting model. Personality traits, early maladaptive schemes, and the spiritual health could predict LT syndrome. Extraversion, excitement, humility/honesty, sacrifice, abandonment/ instability and life plan are the best predictors for intensity of love trauma syndrome.

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