scholarly journals DEPRESSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (08) ◽  
pp. 1229-1234
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ishtiaq ◽  
Muhammad Imtiaz Afridi ◽  
Imranullah - ◽  
Said Akbar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
History Of ◽  
Microsoft Office

Prevalence & risk factors of depression among adult population of districtPeshawar. Background: Depression is one of the most common major mental illnesses andaffects 5% to 20% of the adult population and is related to many determinants. Objectives:To estimate the prevalence and risk factors of depression among the adult population. StudyDesign: A cross sectional descriptive study. Setting & Study Duration: The department ofcommunity medicine, Khyber medical college, Peshawar; among the adult population of districtPeshawar; from November 2016 to May 2017. Materials & Methods: A total of 410 adults, bothmale and female, of ages 18 and above years were selected from the District Peshawar; onthe basis of multistage probability sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was usedto collect data regarding the prevalence and risk factors of depression along with importantvariables. Data was analysed by Microsoft Office and SPSS, and results were presented intables. Results: Results showed that the prevalence of depression was 85.85%. Out of thetotal depression, 24.88% had positive medical history; 57.8% had tobacco smoking; 29.02 %had history of abuse or neglect; 60.24% had sleep problems; and 18.29% & 10.49% wereaffected by terrorism and flood respectively. Conclusions: It was concluded that the prevalenceof depression among the adult population of district Peshawar was high and shows strongassociation with predisposing determinants. Moreover, whole population needs to be screento estimate the accurate prevalence and to treat high burden of mental illnesses among thecommunity.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF STROKE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 484-488
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Lohano ◽  
Adnan Samie ◽  
Noor Nabi Siayal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Department ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Improve Patient

Objective: To determine the frequency of intracerebral hemorrhage inhypertensive patients. Study design: Cross sectional study. Setting: This study was conductedat Medical department of Peoples Medical College & Hospital Nawabshah, from 01-01-2012 to31-12-2012. Material and methods: Admitted patient through emergency department withhistory of hypertension more than two years, meeting the inclusion criteria taken consent fromattendant. Patient was referred for C.T scan brain presence of hyperdense area was consideredas intracerebral hemorrhage. Inclusive criteria were age >20 years, either sex and patients withhistory of hypertension more than two year with any two or more sign and symptoms like suddenunconsciousness or with hemiplegia, hemiparesis, dysarthria. Aphasia, cranial nerve palsies.Exclusion criteria were age less than 20 years, normotensive patients with cerebral hemorrhageand patients with traumatic hemorrhage. Results: Among 281 patients that had stroke, therewere 147 males and 134 females with a sex ratio males: female 1:1. Mean age of patientsadmitted with intracerebral hemorrhage was 37.89 ± 7.33 years with an average age amongmales and females was same. Duration of hypertension was greater than 20-25 years in most ofthe patients nearly 63.7%. Patients with long duration of diabetes and hypertension presentedwith intracerebral hemorrhage. Nearly all the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage weresmokers 145, only 2 patients were non smokers and nearly all had long history of smoking. The127 patients who presented with intracerebral hemorrhage were obese. All risk factors werestatistically significant and were responsible for intracerebral hemorrhage. Conclusions:Hypertension is a risk factor for intra cerebral hemorrhage. An effort should be made to controlblood pressure and other modifiable risk factors to reduce incidence of intra cerebralhemorrhage and improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Depression-anxiety in Adult Population of Qatar during the First Year of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Mawfek Khaled ◽  
Iman Amro ◽  
Lina Bader ◽  
Tarek Bellaj ◽  
Yousri Marzouki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Arabic Speaking

There is limited data from Arabic-speaking countries on risk factors for depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-specific data is necessary given differences in culture, demographics, and COVID-19 infection and mortality rates. This study intended to identify the factors associated with symptoms of depression-anxiety in the adult population of Qatar during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Qatar between July and December 2020 after Qatar’s first COVID-19 wave and before the beginning of the second wave. Depression-anxiety was defined as a cut-off of 20 or higher on the PHQ-ADS scale. Of 1138 participants, 71.05% were female, 69.0% Arabs, and 70.0% Non-Qataris. 77 % were < 40 years (the median age in Qatar is 32 years). In a fully-adjusted model, six variables were significantly associated with PHQ-ADS; Arab ethnicity (OR=1.67, p=0.026), never married (OR=1.69, p < 0.015), prior psychiatric history (OR=1.80, p=0.009), Social Media induced worries (OR=1.72, p=0.003), history of COVID-19 (OR=1.76, p=0.039), loneliness (OR=1.91, p < 0.001), and lower levels of religiosity (OR=0.96, p=0.039). The potential risk factors identified may assist with anxiety and depression prevention in future COVID-19 waves, similar national events and assist with early intervention to treat sufferers.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents at governmental high schools of Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enguday Tirfeneh ◽  
Mengesha Srah
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Neglect ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Background depression is one of the most serious and prevalent mental illnesses that can result in serious disability and ending life by committing suicide and homicide. The risks of having depression are substantially higher in persons who have parental neglect when compared to the general population.Objective To detect prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents in governmental high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia 2019Method A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1-30/2019 at Aksum town high schools. Public health questionnaire was used in this study to detect Depression. Study participants were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected with face to face interview. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social science version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between depression and parental neglect. Adjusted Odds ratio at a p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance of variables.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety in the Adult Population of Qatar in the First Year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from an Online Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma M. Khaled ◽  
Iman Amro ◽  
Lina Bader ◽  
Peter Woodruff ◽  
Majid A Alabdulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Prior History ◽  
First Year ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: There is limited data from Arabic-speaking countries on risk factors for depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-specific data is necessary given differences in culture, demographics, COVID-19 infection and mortality rates.Aim: To identify factors associated with symptoms of depression-anxiety in the adult population of Qatar during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Qatar between July and December 2020 after the first COVID-19 wave and before the beginning of the second wave. Depression-anxiety was defined as a cut-off of 20 or higher on the PHQ-ADS scale. Results: Of 1138 participants, 71.05% were female, 69.0% Arabs, and 70.0% Non-Qataris. 77% were < 40 years (the median age in Qatar is 32 years). In a fully-adjusted model, six variables were significantly associated with PHQ-ADS; Arab ethnicity (OR=1.67, p=0.026), never married (OR=2.04, p < 0.001 (versus married), prior history of psychiatric disorder (versus no history) (OR=1.76, p=0.039), increased worries due to social media use for COVID-related news/updates (OR=1.72, p=0.003), those with a history of COVID-19 (OR=1.76, p=0.039), loneliness (OR=1.91, p < 0.001), and lower levels of religiosity (OR=0.96, p=0.039). These associations also pertained in the reduced model, with exception of religiosity which was only marginally statistically significant (OR=0.97, p=0.055).Conclusions: The potential risk factors identified may assist with anxiety and depression prevention in future COVID-19 waves, and similar crises, and assist with early intervention to treat sufferers.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR HEPATITIS;

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (05) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ASHRAF CHAUDHRY ◽  
BUSHRA GHULAM ◽  
LAILA KHALID ◽  
Marryam Shaheen Ahmed ◽  
Amnah -
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Large Reservoir ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of

Background: Infections with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) are worldwide public health problem. Thisis related to the continued occurrence of new infections and the presence of a large reservoir of chronically infected persons. Objective:To determine the frequency of risk factors (causes of transmission) for HBV and HCV infections in hospitalized patients of CMH, Lahoreand Sheikh Zayed hospital, Lahore. Design: Descriptive (cross sectional). Setting: The study was carried out in CMH, Lahore and SheikhZayed hospital, Lahore from January, 2012 to July, 2012. Methods: The patients were selected by consecutive (non-probability)sampling technique. The data was collected through questionnaire. Informed written consent was obtained SPSS version 16.0 was usedto calculate the descriptive statistics. Results: Out of total of 100 subjects, 50 were cases and 50 were controls. Out of 50 cases, 26%were HBV positive and 74% were HCV positive with female preponderance. The history of injections was very high in both the groups,making a total of 64% (14% HBV; 16% HCV) the important contributors for different types of hepatitis were blood transfusion (HBV =10%; HCV = 28%; controls = 14%). Surgical procedures (4% HBV, 28% HCV; 8% controls). History of piercing in the last six months(HBV = 6%; HCV = 22% and control = 8%). History of dental procedures in the last six months was higher in HCV patients (18% HCV and4% HBV). History of HBV or HCV positive patients or relatives at home. (HBV 18%; HCV 36%; control 30%). Conclusions: In Pakistan thereis an urgent need to raise the public awareness about importance of properly screened blood transfusion, use of disposable needles andusing new blades for shaving and haircuts especially at barber shops. In our study, the important contributors for different types ofhepatitis were blood transfusion, surgical procedures and history piercing in the last 6months.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression and anxiety and their association with cardiovascular risk factors in Northeast Brasil primary care patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Antônio Oliveira Santos-Veloso ◽  
Maria Isa Souza Lacerda de Melo ◽  
Roberta Azevedo Neves Cavalcanti ◽  
Lucas Soares Bezerra ◽  
Ândrea Virgínia Chaves-Markman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Basic Care ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
History Of

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety disorders (DAD) are the most prevalent mental health conditions worldwide. Among the adult population served in basic care, it is estimated that depression affects about 14.3% of these individuals worldwide, and between 21.4% and 31% in Brasil. Anxiety affects up to 33.7% of the population during their lifetimes. OBJECTIVES: estimate the prevalence proportions of DAD among patients in a municipality in Northeast Brasil and study the association between DAD and cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: a cross-sectional study with the medical records of patients from primary care centers in Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco. Patients aged ≥ 18 years and regularly followed-up were included. Exclusion criteria: a history of traumatic brain injury, alcohol or drug abuse, previous stroke, medical conditions or medications that mimic DAD symptoms. Subjects were divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of DAD, and cardiovascular risk factors were compared between groups. RESULTS: A total of 1030 subjects were initially included, of whom 215 (20%) were excluded. No-DAD subjects had more history of myocardial infarction and alcoholism. The prevalence of depression was 10.3%, anxiety disorder was 27.1%, and mixed DAD represented 4.5%. There was a significant association between DAD and hypertension (OR = 2.11; 95%CI: 1.16 –3.84; p=0.01), obesity (OR = 4.47; 95%CI: 1.74 –11.46; p=0.002), and hyperlipidemia (OR = 3.88; 95%CI: 1.81-8.3; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: DAD were associated with an increased risk for arterial hypertension, obesity, and hyperlipidemia.

scholarly journals Morbidity and behavioural problems among adolescents in Hajipur village of Katihar district, Bihar

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4503
Author(s):  
Shahin Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Makhmoor Alam ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Khichi ◽  
Mohd Haroon Khan
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abused Drugs

Background: Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and mental development that occurs between childhood and adulthood. Adolescence is a gateway to health promotion since key behavior patterns that influence health and longevity have their origin in adolescence. The aim and objectives of the study were to study the morbidity and behavioural problems among adolescents.Methods: A community based cross sectional descriptive study was at Hajipur village, a rural field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Katihar Medical College, Katihar, Bihar. 400 adolescents (213 boys and 187 girls) were included in the study. Systematic random sampling technique was used.Results: Among 400 adolescents, 25% of the adolescents having some health problem during the survey; predominant problems were psychological and behavioral in nature. 6.25% of adolescents were addicted (tobacco chewing), 1.5% abused drugs, 9.75% were depressed and 7.5% had anxiety disorder. Higher number of adolescents (29%) had history of worm infestation. 9.75% adolescents were suffering from upper respiratory tract infection and also had ear, nose, throat, eye, skin, and or dental problems.Conclusions: The adolescents had higher rate of morbidity and behaviour problems.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TATAH MAKMUR KABUPATEN BANJAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Nor Isna Tauhidah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRAK  Stunting merupakan sebuah kondisi di mana tinggi badan anak lebih pendek dibanding tinggi badan anak seusianya. Kejadian anak stunting di Kalimantan Selatan khususnya di Kab Banjar masih berada pada angka kejadian yang sangat tinggi 13.3% dan di Puskesmas Tatah Makmur 38,06%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan riwayat penyakit infeksi, riwayat imunisasi dasar, riwayat ASI eksklusif dan pemberian MP-ASI terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tatah Makmur Kabupaten Banjar.Penelitian ini merupakan survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah ibu yang mempunyai balita mengalami stunting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tatah Makmur Kecamatan Tatah Makmur Kabupaten Banjar tahun 2018 sebanyak 537 orang. Sampel berjumlah 50 orang dengan teknik pengambilan accidental sampling. Analisis data melalui uji Spearman Rank. Hasil penelitian sebagian besar memiliki riwayat penyakit infeksi sebanyak 26 orang (52%), telah mendapatkan imunisasi lengkap sebanyak 32 orang (64%), pemberian MP-ASI sebagian besar cukup 32 orang (64%), riwayat pemberian ASI parsial 40 orang (80%) dan balita sebagian besar pendek sebanyak 33 orang (66%). Terdapat hubungan riwayat penyakit infeksi, kelengkapan imunisasi, pemberian MP-ASI, riwayat ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian Stunting. Puskesmas hendaknya meningkatkan pemberian informasi kepada ibu hamil tentang faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya Stunting sehingga bahwa faktor risiko dapat dikendalikan lebih dini.  Kata Kunci : Imunisasi Dasar, Penyakit Infeksi, Pemberian MP-ASI, ASI eksklusif, Stunting   ABSTRACT   Stunting is a condition in which a person's height turns out to be shorter than the height of another person's age. Stunting in Banjar District by 13.3% and in Tatah Makmur Health Center 38.06%.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between infectious diseases and basic immunization against the incidence of stunting in infants in Tatah Makmur Health Center. The study design was an analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The population is mothers who have toddlers stunted in Tatah Makmur Health Center in 2018 as many as 537 people. Samples amounted to 50 people with a purposive sampling technique. Analysis of data through the Spearman Rank.  The results of the study of toddlers mostly have a history of infectious diseases as many as 26 people (52%), have received complete immunization as many as 32 people (64%) and toddlers are mostly short as many as 33 people (66%). There is a relationship between the history of infectious diseases, the completeness of immunization with the incidence of stunting. Health centers should increase the provision of information to pregnant women about factors that influence the occurrence of stunting so that risk factors can be controlled earlier. Keywords: History of Basic Immunization, History of Infectious Diseases, Stunting

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN TUBERCULOSIS PATIENT AT PATRANG DISTRICT INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Hasri Yulia Sasmita ◽  
Irma Prasetyowati ◽  
Pudjo Wahjudi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Tuberculosis Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of cause of death in infectious disease domain. The control of TB is complicated because the inclination of case numbers people with Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an important risk factor for TB development, with prove that more than ten percent of TB patient is DM patient. People with DM have risk three times more likely to suffer from TB than people without DM. The results of TB treatment with comorbid DM will be easier to be failed. Puskesmas Patrang have the highest bacteriologically confirmed BTA TB cases and DM cases in Jember during 2014 until 2016. The aim of this research is to know the DM prevalence in TB patients and to analyze the correlation between DM risk factors in TB patient to TB-DM incidence at Puskesmas Patrang Jember in 2017. The research uses observasional analytic with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling with 47 samples. The independent variables include respondent characteristics (age, sex, type of TB, medication category, and family history of DM), central obesity and smoking behavior. While the dependent variable is the DM status. The result shows that the prevelance of DM in TB patients at Puskesmas Patrang Jember regency is 23,4%. Factors associated with TB-DM are age (p-value = 0,012), family history of DM (p-value = 0,003), and smoking status (p-value = 0,035). Factors that do not associated with TB-DM are sex (p-value = 0,731), type of TB (p-value = 0,170), treatment category of TB (p-value = 0,560), central obesity (p-value = 0,435), the number of cigarette (p-value = 1,000) and smoking duration (p-value = 1,000). The most important factor of TB-DM is family history of DM that 10,850 times higher of getting TB-DM than patients without family history of DM.

scholarly journals Faktor - Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Hipertensi Pada Usia Dewasa

JKEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Ekarini ◽  
Jathu Dwi Wahyuni ◽  
Dita Sulistyowati
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
History Of

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease with an increasing number of events every year. There are two risk factors for hypertension, namely risk factors that cannot be modified, such as age, sex and genetics, and modifiable risk factors such as obesity, smoking, lack of physical activity, excessive salt consumption, dyslipidemia, alcohol consumption and psychososis and stress. This study aims to obtain an overview of the factors associated with hypertension in adulthood. The research design used was descriptive analytic research with cross-sectional studies. The number of samples is 70 people with simple random sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate (chi square) and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) component analyzes. Multivariate analysis showed that the variable that was significantly related to the occurrence of hypertension was the age variable (pvalue = 0.009). Variable overweight and physical activity as confounding variables. The analysis results obtained OR from the age variable is 2.9, meaning that patients in middle to upper adult age will experience hypertension 2.9 times higher than young adult patients after being controlled by obesity and physical activity variables. Recommendations from the results of this study are expected to be able to provide health care institutions that emphasize the promotive and preventive aspects of patients who have a history of hypertension.

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