SYSTEMATICAL REVIEW: PENGARUH MENDENGARKAN MUROTTAL AL QURAN TERHADAP PENURUNAN KECEMASAN PADA IBU HAMIL

Kecemasan pada masa kehamilan apabila sampai tahap kronis berdampak buruk bagi ibu ataupun bagi bayi. Pada ibu dapat menyebabkan arteri uterus berkontraksi, menurunkan blood flow plasenta dan menurunkan suplai oksigen kepada janin sehingga hal tersebut berdampak pada kondisi bayi seperti detak jantung bayi abnormal, meningkatkan kemungkinan bayi lahir prematur, bayi lahir dengan skor psikomotor yang rendah, dan meningkat kelainan pada perilaku bayi. Salah satu terapi non farmakologis adalah terapi mendengarkan murottal Al Quran. Murottal Al Quran memiliki harmoni nada yang memiliki jenis frekuensi dan panjang gelombang tertentu. Saat rangkaian gelombang tersebut sampai pada pendengaran manusia akan memengaruhi sel-sel otak untuk memulihkan keseimbangan dan koordinasi sehingga dapat menurunkan hormon stres dan mengaktifkan endorfin alami (serotonin). Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh mendengarkan murottal Alquran pada tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang diambil dengan metode systematical review articles (random clinical trial dan quasi experimental) pada kelima jurnal yang telah di-review. Penelitian ini akan dinilai secara PICOS untuk ditentukan sebagai kriteria eligible pada PRISMA dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel yang sesuai yaitu Populasi (ibu hamil yang mengalami kecemasan yang diukur menggunakan berbagai macam kuesioner kecemasan), Intervention (mendengarkan murottal Al Quran), Faktor Prognostik, atau Exposure, Comparition (yang tidak diberikan paparan murottal Al Quran atau dibanding dengan jenis musik lainnya), Outcome (penurunan kecemasan ibu hamil). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dengan mendengarkan murrotal Al Quran dalam tempo yang lambat dan suasana yang tenang dapat menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada ibu hamil. Harmoni nada dari murottal Al Quran merupakan spiritual music, memiliki panjang audio dengan jenis frekuensi dan panjang gelombang tertentu, menghasilkan suatu getaran yang dapat memulihkan keseimbangan dan koordinasi, mengaktifkan aktivitas gelombang otak sehingga dapat mengontrol pikiran dan jiwa untuk menurunkan kecemasan. Systematical Review: The Effect of Listening to the Murottal Al-Quran on Reducing Anxiety in Pregnant WomenAnxiety during pregnancy when it reaches a chronic stage can develop into depression and stress. This is very bad for the mother and the fetus. For the mother, it can causes the contraction of placental artery and result in limiting oxygenating, reduce placental blood flow and decrease oxygen supply to the fetus. So that it has an impact on the fetus's condition. It can cause an abnormal fetal heart rate, increase the likelihood of a baby being born prematurely, a baby born with a low psychomotor score and increased abnormalities in infant behavior. One of the non-pharmacological therapies is listening to the Murottal Al Quran therapy. Murottal Al Quran has harmonic tone which has a certain type of frequency and wavelength. When the wave sequence reaches human hearing, it affects brain cells to restore balance and coordination so as to reduce stress hormones and activate natural endorphins (serotonin). The aim of this study is to determine the effect of listening to the Quranic Murottal on the anxiety level of pregnant women. This research is a study that was taken using the original research articles method (RCT and Quasi Experimental) with the research subject pregnant women who have anxiety. This research will be assessed by PICOS to be determined as an Elegibelity criterion in PRISMA and presented in an appropriate table form. The Criterion are Population (pregnant women who experience anxiety), Intervention (listening to murottal Al Quran), Prognostic Factors, or Exposure, Comparition (those who are not given exposure murottal Al Quran or compared to other types of music), Outcome (decreased anxiety of pregnant women). The results showed that listening to the murrotal Al Quran in a slow tempo, and a calm atmosphere can significantly reduce anxiety levels in pregnant women. The harmony of the tone of the murottal Al Quran is spiritual music, has an audio length with a certain type of frequency and wavelength, produces a vibration that can restore balance and coordination, activates brain wave activity so that it can control the mind and spirit to reduce anxiety.

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Endothelial dysfunction and its role in the prevention, treatment and complications of critical conditions in obstetrics

Infusion & Chemotherapy ◽

10.32902/2663-0338-2020-3.2-120-122 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 120-122

Author(s):

Kim Jong-Din

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Standard Therapy ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Group I ◽

Placental Blood ◽

Placental Blood Flow

Background. Preeclampsia (PE) remains the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. As of today, there is no treatment for PE, and the childbirth is the only way to completely eliminate this condition. However, early childbirth is associated with a high risk of fetal morbidity and mortality. Objective. To describe the role of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in the development of PE and the possibility of its correction; to evaluate the effectiveness of Tivortin (“Yuria-Pharm”) in the correction of uterine-fetal-placental dysfunction. Materials and methods. Analysis of literature sources on this topic; own PLACENTA study. The study involved 535 women with mild PE at 26-29 weeks of gestation. Group I received standard therapy, group II – standard therapy in combination with Tivortin (4.2 g per day for 7-10 days). Results and discussion. Until the fetus reaches viability, PE treatment is aimed at correcting hypertension, however, antihypertensive therapy does not have a beneficial effect on the condition of the kidneys and placental blood flow. Decreased blood flow in placenta leads to the syndrome of limited fetal development (SLFD) and multisystem ED. The development of PE is inextricably linked with the systemic damage to maternal endothelial cells and a further decrease in endothelium-dependent vasodilators, which promotes vasospasm and activates the coagulation cascade. PE is accompanied by the imbalance in the systems of prostacyclin and nitric oxide (NO), as well as thromboxane and endothelin. Superficial placentation with insufficient remodeling of the spiral arteries and impaired response to changes in blood flow is one of the main causes of PE. ED is the most studied pathogenetic mechanism of PE. NO has a potent vasodilating effect and is involved in inhibiting thromboxane formation, platelet aggregation and stimulating prostacyclin formation. NO-synthase of endothelial cells, the substrate of which is L-arginine, is the main enzyme of NO production. Disorders of vasodilation in pregnant women with PE can be eliminated by prescribing L-arginine. Literature data show that L-arginine is successfully used in the need to continue pregnancy, as well as to eliminate hypertension and correct SLFD. Canadian guidelines for the treatment of hypertensive complications of pregnancy state that L-arginine is able to improve uteroplacental blood flow. According to a study by J. Chen (2016), the inclusion of L-arginine contributes to both maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnancy. The effect of L-arginine on fetal growth is mediated by promoting the production of creatine, skeletal muscle protein and growth hormone. L-arginine also promotes the synthesis of polyamines, which can stimulate the growth and development of placenta. Own studies have shown that the use of L-arginine (Tivortin, “Yuria-Pharm”) in the combined PE therapy had improved the growth rate of the fetus and its functional condition, which allowed to prolong pregnancy to the optimal term of childbirth, as well as improve the consequences of childbirth and adaptation of newborns in the early neonatal period. PE is not the only field of application of Tivortin: its intravenous administration in community-acquired pneumonia and pyelonephritis of pregnant women helps to quickly eliminate the pathological process. The results of the PLACENTA study found that Tivortin helped to improve uterine-fetal-placental blood flow and reduce the centralization of blood circulation. In the Tivortin group there was a smaller number of cesarean sections, a tendency to lower blood loss (by 19.5 %), a higher average score of newborns on the Apgar scale. Comparison of clinical and morphological changes showed that the administration of Tivortin in the late second and early third trimester of pregnancy reduces the likelihood of premature placental maturation by 2.1 %, halves the likelihood of placental necrosis, 10 times reduces the signs of hypoxia. Conclusions. 1. ED, caused by a decrease in NO, is the main link in the PE pathogenesis. 2. In the human body NO is produced from L-arginine. 3. The use of L-arginine (Tivortin) improves uterine-fetal-placental blood flow, growth rate and functional status of the fetus, reduces fetal distress and allows to prolong pregnancy to the optimal term of childbirth.

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Features of placental blood flow in pregnant women with noncarrying

Bukovinian Medical Herald ◽

10.24061/2413-0737.xix.1.73.2015.10 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (1 (73)) ◽

pp. 40-44

Author(s):

L. V. Herman ◽

I. V. Kalinovska

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Placental Blood ◽

Placental Blood Flow

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Estimation of the Functional Condition of a Fetus of Pregnancy in Chronic Pyelonephritis

Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences ◽

10.15690/vramn112 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 68 (12) ◽

pp. 80-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sh.G. Kadimova

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Middle Cerebral Artery ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Umbilical Artery ◽

Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽

Performance Ratio ◽

Control Group ◽

Placental Blood ◽

Placental Blood Flow

Aim of this study was to investigate the condition of the fetus and feto placental system in chronic pyelonephritis by identifying features in the feto- placental blood flow and middle cerebral artery system. Patients and methods. We examined 68 pregnant women with chronic pyelonephritis and 50 healthy pregnant women as a control group . The study conducted a qualitative assessment of fetus and placental blood flow and blood flow in the middle cerebral artery of the fetus . The data on the condition of feto- placental blood flow and blood flow in the middle cerebral artery in the examined pregnant and control group show a higher incidence of elevated systolic and diastolic performance ratio in the umbilical artery in patients with chronic pyelonephritis than somatically healthy women. Results. Studies have shown that the most accurate and informative indicator of violations feto- placental circulation is an increase in the umbilical artery whose value ( 2.9 and above) reflects the high degree of suffering of the fetus on a background of chronic pyelonephritis. Conclusions. Diagnostically significant is the indicator of the middle cerebral artery blood flow, which reflects the mechanism of enhancement of cerebral circulation in chronic hypoxia due to violation of feto- placental circulation in patients with renal disease.Key words: placentary insufficiency, nephritic pathology, pregnancy.

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Efektivitas Aroma Terapi Lemon untuk Menangani Emesis Gravidarum

Jurnal Keperawatan ◽

10.32583/keperawatan.v11i4.598 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 277-284

Author(s):

Vitrianingsih Vitrianingsih ◽

Sitti Khadijah

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

T Test ◽

The Body ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

P Value ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Body Tissues ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Paired T Test

Studi memperkirakan emesis gravidarum terjadi pada 50-90% kehamilan. Mual muntah pada kehamilan memberikan dampak yang signifikan bagi tubuh dimana ibu menjadi lemah, pucat dan cairan tubuh berkurang sehingga darah menjadi kental (hemokonsentrasi). Keadaan ini dapat memperlambat peredaran darah dan berakibat pada kurangnya suplay oksigen serta makanan ke jaringan sehingga dapat membahayakan kesehatan ibu dan janin. Salah satu terapi yang aman dan dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi keluahan mual muntah pada ibu hamil adalah pemberian aromaterapi lemon. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas aroma terapi lemon untuk menangani emesis gravidarum. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Quasi experiment dengan one group pre-post test design. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang mengalami emesis gravidarum di Kecamatan Berbah, Sleman. Jumlah sampel 20 ibu hamil trimester pertama yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengukuran mual muntah dilakukan debelum dan setelah pemberian aromaterapi lemon menggunakan Indeks Rhodes. Analisa data menggunakan uji Paired t-test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata skor mual muntah sebelum pemberian aromaterapi lemon berdasarkan Indeks Rhodes pada Ibu Hamil dengan emesis gravidarum yaitu 22,1 dan terjadi penurunan skor setelah pemberian aromaterapi lemon menjadi 19,8. Ada pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi lemon dengan pengurangan mual muntah pada ibu hamil (p-value = 0.017). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan pemberian aromaterapi lemon efektif untuk mengurangi emesis gravidarum pada ibu hamil trimester pertama. Kata kunci: aromaterapi lemon, emesis gravidarum THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON AROMATHERAPY FOR HANDLING EMESIS GRAVIDARUM ABSTRACT Studies estimate that nausea and vomiting (emesis gravidarum) occur in 50 – 90% of pregnancies. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy have a significant impact on the body in which it makes a mother becomes weak, pale, and decreasing body fluid so that the blood becomes thick (hemoconcentration). This situation can slow down blood circulation and inflict the lack of oxygen and food supplies to the body tissues so that it can endanger the health of the mother and fetus. One of the therapies that is safe and can be conducted to reduce nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is by giving the lemon aromatherapy treatment. The research aims to determine the effectiveness of the aroma of lemon therapy to deal with emesis gravidarum. This study applied quasi-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study was pregnant women who experienced emesis gravidarum. Furthermore, samples were 20 mothers from Berbah, Sleman taken by using a purposive sampling technique. Nausea and vomiting were assessed between before and after giving lemon aromatherapy using the Rhodes Index. The data were analyzed using the paired t-test. The mean score of nausea and vomiting before giving lemon aromatherapy on mother with emesis gravidarum based on the Rhodes Index was 22.1. However, it decreased after given lemon aromatherapy treatment to 19.8. Therefore, there was an effect on giving lemon aromatherapy treatment toward the decrease of nausea and vomiting for pregnant women (p-value = 0.017). Lemon aromatherapy is effective to reduce emesis gravidarum. Keywords: lemon aromatherapy, emesis gravidarum

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Pregnancy-Related Cardiovascular Complications: Case Presentation and Review of Literature

The Heart Surgery Forum ◽

10.1532/hsf.1654 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. E248-E254 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hasan Baki Altinsoy ◽

Ozkan Alatas ◽

Salih Colak ◽

Hakan Atalay ◽

Omer Faruk Dogan

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Median Time ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Prosthetic Heart Valve ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Time To Diagnosis ◽

Valve Thrombosis ◽

Placental Blood

Background: Cardiovascular complications that can cause severe catastrophic outcomes for both the mother and the fetus are rarely seen during pregnancy. Time to diagnosis is often delayed by a low degree of suspicion and atypical presentation. We report surgical strategies in three pregnant women with cardiovascular complications. Methods: A retrospective search from 2009 to 2016 identified three pregnant women who underwent urgent cardiac surgery. We used extracorporeal circulation (ECC) without cesarean section with careful follow-up of the fetuses during the perioperative and postoperative period. We used levosimendan as a potent inodilator in all patients to increase feto-placental blood flow and fetal heart rhythm.Results: Median time to diagnosis was 23.8 h (range 11.7-120 h) and median time from diagnosis to arrival in the operating theater was 9.8 h (range 7.4-19.8 h). One patient with prosthetic heart valve thrombosis underwent concomitant cesarean section prior to cardiac surgery. In a young pregnant woman who had spontaneous dissection of the left anterior descending artery, on-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting was performed without cross clamping. Two and three months after surgery, cesarean sections were performed without any complication in two pregnant women.Conclusion: Because unusual cardiovascular complications are the main cause of maternal and/or fetus death during pregnancy, prompt and exact diagnosis is very important. Life-saving surgical strategy with the help of appropriate teams are necessary to optimize outcome for both mother and baby.

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Optimisation of tactics of conducting pregnancy and labours at women after auxiliary reproductive technologies

HEALTH OF WOMAN ◽

10.15574/hw.2016.111.160 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 160-164

Author(s):

D.N. Maslo ◽

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Resistance Index ◽

First Trimester ◽

Reproductive Technologies ◽

Premature Delivery ◽

Control Group ◽

Uterine Arteries ◽

Placental Dysfunction ◽

Placental Blood ◽

Two Stages

The objective: frequency decrease perinatal pathologies at women after ART on the basis of studying clinical-ehografical, endocrinological, biochemical, dopplerometrical, cardiotokografical and morphological researches, and also improvement of algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Patients and methods. The work basis is made spent by us from 2012 on 2015 by complex inspection of 300 pregnant women from which 250 were after ART and 50 – firstlabours which pragnency without ART, and also their newborns. For the decision of an object in view of research spent to two stages. At 1 stage spent prosperctive research which included 150 pregnant women: з them 100 women pregnancy at which has come out ART (1 group) and 50 healthy women (control group). At 2 stage spent prospective randomization in which result of patients after ART have divided on two equal groups by therapy principle: 2 basic group - 75 pregnant women after ART at which used the algorithm improved by us; 3 group of comparison - 75 pregnant women after ART which have been spent on the standard treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Results. The results suggest that women after using ART is a high frequency of reproductive losses in the first trimester (10.0%), 3.0% of spontaneous abortion from 16 to 22 weeks, and 3.0% "early" premature delivery (22 to 28 weeks of pregnancy). The frequency of violations of the functional state of placenta in women after using IVF is 63.0%, which is the main cause of high levels of perinatal losses (40.0 ‰), and delivery by cesarean section (96.0%). Placental dysfunction in women after using ART characterized by retrohorialnyh hematoma (21.0%); size mismatch fruit (30.0%) and hypertonicity of the uterus (73.0%) against changes in fruit-placental blood flow - increased resistance index in umbilical artery and increased vascular resistance in the uterine arteries. Endocrinological and biochemical changes in placental dysfunction in women after using IVF starting from 28 weeks of pregnancy and are in significant reduction in progesterone, placental b1-microglobulin, B2-microglobulin of fertility and trophic в-glycoprotein. Conclusion. The received results: use of the algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions improved by us allows to lower frequency of spontaneous interruption of pregnancy till 22 weeks – from 13.0% to 5.7%; «early» premature birth – from 3.0% to 1.0%; placentary dysfunction from 63.0% to 40.6%; cesarean sections – from 96.0% to 56.5%, and also perinatal losses – from 40.0‰ to 16.2‰. Key words: pregnancy, childbirth, auxiliary reproductive technologies.

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Physical Activity Advice and Counselling by Healthcare Providers: A Scoping Review

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9050609 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 609

Author(s):

Uchenna Benedine Okafor ◽

Daniel Ter Goon

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Post Partum ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Original Research ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Physical Activity Advice ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Physical Activity And Exercise

Background: Despite scientific evidence on prenatal physical activity and exercise, synthesized evidence is lacking on the provision of prenatal physical activity and exercise advice and counselling by prenatal healthcare providers. The scoping review seeks to fill this gap by synthesizing available literature on the provision of prenatal physical activity and exercise advice and counselling by prenatal healthcare providers to women during antenatal visits. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) search framework for scoping reviews was applied to retrieve original research articles on the prenatal physical activity and exercise practices of healthcare providers with pregnant women, published between 2010–2020, and available in English. The search databases included Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, EMBASE, The Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), BIOMED Central, Medline and African Journal Online. Studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were retrieved for analysis. Results: Out of the 82 articles that were retrieved for review, 13 met the eligibility criteria. Seven of the articles were quantitative, four qualitative, one mixed-method and one controlled, non-randomised study, respectively. Three themes emerged as major findings. Healthcare providers affirmed their responsibility in providing prenatal physical activity advice and counselling to pregnant women; however, they seldom or rarely performed this role. Major barriers to prenatal physical activity and exercise included insufficient time, lack of knowledge and skills, inadequate or insufficient training, and lack of resources. Conclusion: This review highlights salient features constraining the uptake of prenatal physical activity and exercise advice/counselling by prenatal healthcare providers in both community and clinical settings. Prenatal physical activity advice and counselling are key components to the promotion of physical activity adherence during and post-partum pregnancy; this requires adequate knowledge of physical activity prescriptions and recommendations, which are personalised and contextual to environment. Research is needed to examine the prenatal physical activity advice and counselling from prenatal healthcare providers on issues hindering effective delivery of the aforementioned in the context of promoting prenatal physical activity in clinical or community settings.

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Effect of nutrition education by health professionals on pregnancy-specific nutrition knowledge and healthy dietary practice among pregnant women in Asmara, Eritrea: a quasi-experimental study

BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health ◽

10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000159 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bmjnph-2020-000159

Author(s):

Lidia Ghirmai Teweldemedhin ◽

Helen Gebretatyos Amanuel ◽

Soliana Amanuel Berhe ◽

Ghidey Gebreyohans ◽

Zemenfes Tsige ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

Dietary Practice ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Knowledge And Practice

BackgroundHealthy pregnancy and birth outcomes are greatly influenced by the intake of adequate and balanced nutrition. Pregnant women’s nutritional knowledge and practice have been identified as an important prerequisites for their proper nutritional intake. The antenatal period with the opportunities for regular contact with health professionals appears to be the ideal time and setting to institute the intervention which could maximise pregnant women’s outcome and that of their baby by motivating them to make nutritional changes.ObjectiveTo assess the effect of nutrition education on the appropriate nutritional knowledge and practice of pregnant women.MethodologyA facility-based single-group pre–post quasi-experimental study design was employed in five health facilities providing antenatal care (ANC) service in Asmara on 226 pregnant women. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data regarding nutritional knowledge via interview by trained data collectors during the pretest, immediate post-test and 6 weeks later. The practice was assessed at pre-intervention and 6 weeks later only. Repeated measures analysis of variance and paired t-test were used to make comparisons in knowledge and practice scores, respectively, using SPSS (V.22).ResultsTraining provided to pregnant women resulted in a significant increase on the mean scores of their knowledge from 29.01/47 (SE=0.35) pre-intervention to 42.73/47 (SE=0.24) immediate post-intervention. However, the score declined significantly from immediate after intervention to 6-week follow-up by 1.79 (SE=0.22). Although the score declined, knowledge at 6-week follow-up was still significantly greater than that of pre-intervention (p<0.0001). Health professionals (70.2%) were the primary source of information for pregnant women. The pregnancy-specific dietary practice score at 6-week follow-up (M=13.13/16, SE=0.09) was significantly higher than that of pre-intervention (M=12.55/16, SE=0.16). There was no significant interaction between the categories of demographic characteristics and change in practice and knowledge.ConclusionThis study has shown that the nutrition messages given to pregnant women by trained health professionals using a holistic approach in a sustained manner played a huge role in increasing their knowledge and in introducing positive dietary practices among them. Thus, ANC clinics must play a leading role in coordinating the effort of awareness creation regarding nutrition during pregnancy.

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Non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow: lessons from animal models

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/rep-16-0428 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 153 (3) ◽

pp. R85-R96 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

E Mourier ◽

A Tarrade ◽

J Duan ◽

C Richard ◽

C Bertholdt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Animal Models ◽

Ultrasound Contrast Agents ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Placental Blood ◽

2D And 3D ◽

Reliable Methods ◽

Placental Blood Flow ◽

Invasive Evaluation

In human obstetrics, placental vascularisation impairment is frequent as well as linked to severe pathological events (preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction), and there is a need for reliable methods allowing non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow. Uteroplacental vascularisation is complex, and animal models are essential for the technical development and safety assessment of these imaging tools for human clinical use; however, these techniques can also be applied in the veterinary context. This paper reviews how ultrasound-based imaging methods such as 2D and 3D Doppler can provide valuable insight for the exploration of placental blood flow both in humans and animals and how new approaches such as the use of ultrasound contrast agents or ultrafast Doppler may allow to discriminate between maternal (non-pulsatile) and foetal (pulsatile) blood flow in the placenta. Finally, functional magnetic resonance imaging could also be used to evaluate placental blood flow, as indicated by studies in animal models, but its safety in human pregnancy still requires to be confirmed.

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