scholarly journals Effect of aqueous extract of Allium sativum (Garlic) on fertility in male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
IO Osonuga ◽  
AS Faponle ◽  
EN Ezima ◽  
TK Adenowo ◽  
AA Adelegan
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Recovery Groups

Background: Allium sativum (Garlic) is widely used as a food flavour and it has antimicrobial medicinal purposes. It has other beneficial effects such as improving the cardiovascular and immune systems. The likely effect of garlic on the testicular functions remains controversial. Objective: To investigate the effects of fresh garlic on the fertility of male Wistar rats by quantitative determination of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and Luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, as well as the sperm properties. Methods: The aqueous extracts of garlic were administered to the animals through the oral route. Thirty-five male rats were categorized into seven groups, with five rats each distributed as follows: high-dose, medium-dose, low-dose that were administered 750, 500, and 250 mg/kg body weight dosages of the aqueous extracts, respectively. Others were the control group, which received no extract, and the recovery groups received the same doses of the extract. The recovery groups were left for additional twenty-one days without receiving the extract. Results: The results showed an increase in testosterone levels at medium to high-doses of the extract including sustained high levels in recovery groups. Also, there were increases in sperm motility and sperm viability. Conclusions: These findings suggest garlic may play beneficial roles in the reproductive functions of male Wistar rats. The mechanisms for these effects may involve the interplay of many currently unknown factors.

scholarly journals Aqueous Extract of Allium sativum (Linn.) Bulbs Ameliorated Pituitary-Testicular Injury and Dysfunction in Wistar Rats with Pb-Induced Reproductive Disturbances

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun O. Ayoka ◽  
Aderonke K. Ademoye ◽  
Christian E. Imafidon ◽  
Esther O. Ojo ◽  
Ayowole A. Oladele
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Congestion ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Testicular Injury ◽  
Toxic Group

AIM: To determine the effects of aqueous extract of Allium sativum bulbs (AEASAB) on pituitary-testicular injury and dysfunction in Wistar rats with lead-induced reproductive disturbances.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups such that the control group received propylene glycol at 0.2 ml/100 g intraperitoneally for 10 consecutive days, the toxic group received lead (Pb) alone at 15 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal route for 10 days while the treatment groups were pretreated with lead as the toxic group after which they received graded doses of the extract at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day via oral route for 28 days. RESULTS: Pb administration induced significant deleterious alterations in the antioxidant status of the brain and testis, sperm characterization (counts, motility and viability) as well as reproductive hormones (FSH, LH and testosterone) of exposed rats (p < 0.05). These were significantly reversed in the AEASAB-treated groups (p < 0.05). Also, there was marked improvement in the Pb-induced vascular congestion and cellular loss in the pituitary while the observed Pb-induced severe testicular vacuolation was significantly reversed in the representative photomicrographs, following administration of the extract.CONCLUSION: AEASAB treatment ameliorated the pituitary-testicular injury and dysfunction in Wistar rats with Pb-Induced reproductive disturbances.

scholarly journals Upregulation of Kiss-1 and Gpr54 Genes Expression in Pituitary of Male Rats Following the Central Administration of Neuropeptide Y

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Vahid Azizi ◽  
Shahrbanoo Oryan ◽  
Homayuon Khazali ◽  
Abdolkarim Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Introduction: The neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the neural circuits of the hypothalamus has a stimulating effect on reproductive activities in mammals. Kisspeptin (KiSS1) is a quintessential neurotransmitter in the reproductive axis which directly stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamus. The distribution of KiSS1 expressing cells in the pituitary was described previously. Despite earlier reports showing the KiSS1 receptor, G-protein coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) expression in the pituitary, the potential physiological roles of kisspeptin at this gland have remained obscure. Accordingly, this study investigated the role of NPY on the relative expression of Kiss1 and Gpr54 genes in the pituitary gland in male Wistar rats. Methods: In general, 20 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g in 4 groups (5 in each group) received saline, NPY (2.3 nM), BIBP3226 (NPY receptor antagonist, 7.8 nM), and NPY+ BIBP3226. Then, they received the simultaneous injection of these molecules through the third ventricle of the brain. Finally, the relative mean expressions of Kiss1 and Gpr54 genes in the anterior pituitary were quantitatively analyzed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The central injection of NPY increased the relative mean expressions of Kiss1 and Gpr54 genes in the pituitary gland compared to the control group although the injection of BIBP3226 eradicated these effects. However, the gene expression of Gpr54 in the rats receiving NPY coupled with BIBP3226 in hypophysis in comparison to the group receiving only NPY demonstrated a significant reduction (P<0.05). Conclusion: Overall, the central injection of NPY stimulated the gene expression of Kiss1 and Gpr54 in the pituitary gland.

scholarly journals Interaction Between Acute Exercise and Carnitine Supplementation on the Expression of Genes Involved in Liver Metabolism in Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4348-4356
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Liver Metabolism ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Serum Factors ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Acute exercise induces rapid and dramatic induction of transcription in the liver. The beneficial effects of carnitine on serum factors and gene expression have been proven. This study examined the interaction between acute exercise and carnitine supplementation on the expression of genes involved in liver metabolism. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 8): Group 1 control, Group 2 received 200 mg/kg/day LCAR, Group 3 performed acute exercise, and Group 4 received LCAR and performed acute exercise. Gene expression in the liver was evaluated by Real-time PCR. Acute exercise significantly increased PDK4 expression compared to other groups. Also, carnitine administration, performing an acute exercise, and combination of LCAR-Acute significantly increased AMPK and PGC-1a expression compared with the control group. The expression of SREBP-1c and SCD1 was not significantly changed between studies. The combination of acute exercise and carnitine administration increased PGC-1a expression, indicating the importance of carnitine with exercise as a beneficial supplement.

scholarly journals The Effect of Soy Milk on Mounting Latency, Mounting Frequency, and Reproductive Development in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 670-678
Author(s):  
Nurdiana Nurdiana ◽  
Pradnyawati Chania ◽  
Rifzi Nurvitasari ◽  
Azmiatun Nisa ◽  
Styan Wahyu Diana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

AIM: This research aims to examine the effects of soy milk on mounting latency (ML), mounting frequency (MF), estrogen levels, androgen-binding protein (ABP) expression, and spermatogenesis in male rats (Rattus norvegicus). METHODS: Twenty-four male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 4 weeks were divided into four groups. Control group (given a normal diet), P1; P2; P3 (given the normal diet and soy milk powder at doses of 7.1; 14.2; 21.3 g/KgBW/day, respectively) for 6 weeks. Observation of ML and MF were performed at 9 weeks 5 days of age, and rat surgery was performed at 10 weeks of age. Analysis of estrogen hormone levels was conducted by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ABP staining was using immunohistochemistry method, testicular spermatogenesis was observed using histopathological methods, and observation of spermatozoa was performed under the microscope.  RESULTS: The results showed no significant reduction of ML and MF, estrogen levels, and ABP expression (p ≤ 0.256; 0.865; 0.959, respectively) in male rat, but there was a significant decrease in the number, morphology, motility of spermatozoa, and testicular histophatology, (p ≤ 0.000, 0.003, 0.008, 0.000, respectively). CONCLUSION: The administrassion of soy milk in various doses (7.1;14.2;21.3 g/KgBW/day) in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) had showed significantly difference on histopathological evaluation using Johnson’s scoring system, sperm quantity and quality, while on mounting latency and frequency, estrogen levels, and ABP expressions did not show significantly difference between groups. That describe of isoflavone in soy milk can affect several aspects related to male endocrine and reproductive development.

scholarly journals Analysing the Hypolipidemic Activities of the Tea Extracts of Moringa oleifera, Glycyrrhiza glabra and their Blend at Different Concentrations, Orally Induced on Adult Male Wistar Rats.

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Olanrewaju Roland Akinseye
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Herbal teas ofMoringa oleifera(Moringa) andGlycyrrhiza glabra(Licorice)were known to have many beneficial effects, their possible hypolipidemic effects were investigated in this paper. Albino wistar rats were fed with aqueous extracts ofM. oleifera,G. glabraand their blend teas(10, 30 and 50 mg/kg.BW/ml). The teas were found to lower the serum cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL, LDL, and atherogenic index at their higher concentration, but were found to slightly increase the HDL as compared to the corresponding normal healthy rats fed with clean water (control). The phytochemicals screening of the teas aqueous extract were also investigated, the chemicals (tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids and glycosides) which were known to exhibit cholesterol lowering effect by inhibiting its absorption and simultaneous increase its excretion were found to be present in the teas extract. Thus, the study demonstrates and validates thatM.oleifera,G. glabraand their blend possess hypolipidemic effect at higher concentration.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF NICOTINE EXPOSURE PER INHALATION TO THE CHANGE OF MOTILITY AND MORPHOLOGY OF THE RAT’S SPERM

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puruhito Eko Nugroho ◽  
Fikri Rizaldi ◽  
Wahjoe Djati Soesanto
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Difference

Objective: Smoking are known to have detrimental effect on sperm. The effects are suspiciously come from nicotine as its main pharmacologic component. This study is carried out to analyze the effect of nicotine exposure per inhalation to the difference of motile sperm percentage and normal morphology sperm percentage of male wistar rats. Material & Methods: Thirty male rats were used for this research. They were randomly divided into 5 groups and treated with nicotine inhalation 0.5 mg/kgBW,  1 mg/kgBW, 2 mg/kgBW and 4 mg/kgBW for 30 days while the control rats were not given any treatment. At the end of experiment, sperm analysis was carried out to measure the percentage of motile sperm and percentage of sperm with normal morphology. Results: Percentage of motile sperm significantly decreased (p<0.05) in all treatment groups compared to control group. Comparison between treatment groups revealed that the percentage of motile sperm significantly decreased in 0.5 mg/kgBW vs 2 mg/kgBW, 0.5 mg/kgBW vs 4 mg/kgBW, and 1 mg/kgBW vs 4 mg/kgBW. Percentage of normal morphology sperm decreased significantly (p<0.05) in 1 mg/kgBW, 2 mg/kgBW, and 4 mg/kgBW compared to control groups. Comparison between treatment groups revealed that there were no significant decreased between each treatment groups. Conclusion: This research conclude that nicotine exposure per inhalation can deteriorate the percentage of motile sperm and the percentage of normal morphology sperm of male wistar rats.

scholarly journals Testicular and epididymal histomorphometric assessment in F1 male Wistar rats after gestational Ricinus communis oil exposure

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (03) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Salami ◽  
J. Omirinde ◽  
M. Balogun ◽  
Y. Raji
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Function ◽  
Tubular Diameter

Abstract Introduction: Fetal programming hypothesis presupposes that stimulus or insult acting during critical periods of uterine growth and development do alter tissue structure and function. In the present study changes in histomorphometric integrity of the testes and epididymis in adult F1 male rats maternally exposed to Ricinus communis oil (RCO) at different gestation periods were assessed. Materials and Methods: Therapeutic dose of RCO 950 mg/kg BW was administered to pregnant Wistar rats at gestation days GD 1-7, 7-14, 14-21 and 1-21 respectively. Testes and epididymis of adult male F1 offspring were then harvested for Histomorphometry assessment under Light microscope. Seminiferous tubular diameter (STD), seminiferous luminal diameter (SLD) and Seminiferous epithelial height (EH) of both peripheral and central seminiferous tubules were measured in the testes. Epididymal tubular diameter (ETD), epididymal luminal diameter (ELD) and epididymal epithelial height (EEH) were measured in epididymis. Results: Results were expressed as the mean ± SEM and significance taken at p<0.05. STD significantly (p<0.001) increased in F1 males from GD1-7, 7-14, 14-21 relative to control group. SEH significantly (p<0.001) decreased in F1 males from GD1-7,7-14 and 1-21. SLD increased significantly (p<0.001) in F1males from GD1-7, 7-14, 14-21 and 1-21. ETD significantly (p<0.01) increased in F1 males from GD1-7, 7-14, 14-21. EEH significantly (p<0.001) increased in F1 males from GD1-7 and GD7-14. ELD however increased significantly (p<0.001) only in F1 males from GD1-7. Conclusion: Maternal RCO exposure at different gestation periods impaired negatively histomorphometry of the testis and epididymis in male offspring.

scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Plumbagozeylanica L. Roots and Its Aphrodisiac Effect in Male Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Patrick Onen ◽  
Daniel Ocira ◽  
Timothy Omara ◽  
Jacob Nyeko ◽  
Augastine Okwir
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Aim: To perform phytochemical screening of Plumbago zeylanica L. root extracts and assess the claim of its use in traditional management of erectile dysfunction in Uganda through evaluation of the aphrodisiac effect of its aqueous extracts in male Wistar rats. Study Design: This study employed both qualitative and quantitative research designs. Place and Duration of Study: All research work were performed at the Department of Biological Sciences, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda between August 2019 and December 2019. Methodology: Classical phytochemical screening of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Plumbago zeylanica roots were performed following standard methods. Aqueous extracts were administered to Male Wistar rats and the effect of the extracts on the mounting and intromission frequencies were determined. Results: Glycosides, phenols, saponins, quinones, terpenoids and steroids were present in both methanolic and aqueous extracts. Alkaloids were present in methanolic extracts only while tannins and phlobatannins were only present in aqueous extracts. Flavonoids, coumarins and anthraquinones were not detected in both extracts. Aqueous root extracts of Plumbago zeylanica produced pro-sexual stimulatory effects in male rats when administered at 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: The results support the use of Plumbago zeylanicaroots by indigenous people in Uganda to increase libido, treat premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction. The extracts had low sexual enhancement in sexually inexperienced male rats and therefore, further studies using experienced animal models are needed to better apprehend the prosexual effects of P. zeylanica roots. The toxicity of the extracts as well as structural elucidation and pharmacological evaluation of the responsible bioactive compounds merit further studies.

scholarly journals Diosmin Alleviates Doxorubicin-Induced Liver Injury via Modulation of Oxidative Stress-Mediated Hepatic Inflammation and Apoptosis via NfkB and MAPK Pathway: A Preclinical Study

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1998
Author(s):  
Abdullah F. AlAsmari ◽  
Metab Alharbi ◽  
Faleh Alqahtani ◽  
Fawaz Alasmari ◽  
Mohammed AlSwayyed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Pre Treatment

Hepatotoxicity caused by chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., doxorubicin) is of critical concern in cancer therapy. This study focused on investigating the modulatory effects of diosmin against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group I was served as control, Group II was treated with doxorubicin (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.), Group III was treated with a combination of doxorubicin and low-dose diosmin (100 mg/kg orally), and Group IV was treated with a combination of doxorubicin and high-dose diosmin (200 mg/kg orally) supplementation. A single dose of doxorubicin (i.p.) caused hepatic impairment, as shown by increases in the concentrations of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Doxorubicin produced histological abnormalities in the liver. In addition, a single injection of doxorubicin increased lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Importantly, pre-treatment with diosmin restored hepatic antioxidant factors and serum enzymatic activities and reduced the inflammatory and apoptotic-mediated proteins and genes. These findings demonstrate that diosmin has a protective effect against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals Anti-fertility effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) seed in male Wistar rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esrafil Mansouri ◽  
Majid Asadi-Samani ◽  
Wesam Kooti ◽  
Maryam Ghasemiboroon ◽  
Damoon Ashtary-Larky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Fertility Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Right

AbstractIntroduction: The study aimed to investigate the anti-fertility effect of fennel (Foeniculim vulgare Mill) seed extract in male rats.Material and Methods: Forty Wistar rats were divided into five equal groups. The control group received distilled water and the experimental groups were orally administered 1 ml of hydro-alcoholic extract of fennel seed in four doses of 35, 70, 140, and 280 mg/kg/b.w. daily for 60 days. After the last gavage, the rats were anaesthetised and the caudal part of the right epididymis was used for sperm counting. After fixation of the testes, microscopic sections were prepared and histological changes were evaluated.Results: The number of spermatogonia after doses of 140 and 280 mg/kg and Sertoli cells after a dose of 140 mg/kg decreased significantly as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The number of primary spermatocytes and sperm count decreased significantly in the experimental groups (70, 140, and 280 mg/kg) when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, thickening of the basement membrane, cell apoptosis, and irregular arrangement of the germinal epithelium were observed in the experimental groups.Conclusion: Hydro-alcoholic fennel seed extract at these doses could reduce reproductivity and has anti-fertility activity in male rats.

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