Prevalence of Shielding in Diagnostic X-ray Centers in the Islamic Republic of Iran: A Systematic Review

Shielding has been recommended as an effective tool against radiation exposure. Several studies have published on the availability and use of shielding tools in diagnostic X-ray centers across the country and contradictory results been reported. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to find out the status of radiation protection in term of availability and use of shielding tools in diagnostic X-ray centers in Iran. An extensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Embase, ISI, Cochrane Library, SID, Magiran, IranMedex, Irandoc and Google-Scholar search engine. We also manually searched the reference lists of the relevant studies. Two authors independently assessed the eligibility of all studies and extracted data. Thirty-seven studies published from 1998 to 2019 were included in this systematic review. In all, 1089 diagnostic X-ray centers, 4439 radiographs and performance of 1472 radiographers were covered in these studies. The availability of lead apron, gonad shield and thyroid collar were ranged from 7 to 95.5%, 26.6 to 94% and 7 to 94%, respectively. Moreover, their usage was ranged from 0 to 85.5%, 0 to 35% and 0 to 38.4%, respectively. In addition, lens shield was discussed in one study with availability of 0%. During 1998 to 2019, the status of shielding had not improved across the country. Therefore adherence to the safety guideline as far as possible is required to protection patients from undue exposure to radiation.

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Musculoskeletal biomechanics in sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit activities with stroke subjects: a systematic review

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/s0103-51502010000100004 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 35-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais Faria ◽

Viviane Amaral Saliba ◽

Luci Fuscaldi Teixeira-Salmela

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Manual Search ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Extensive Literature Search

INTRODUCTION: Sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit are two of the most mechanically demanding activities undertaken in daily life and which are usually impaired in stroke subjects. OBJECTIVES: To determine the distinguishing characteristics in musculoskeletal biomechanical outcomes of the sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit activities with stroke subjects, with an emphasis on the clinical management of stroke disabilities, in a systematic review. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An extensive literature search was performed with the MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, LILACS, and SciELO databases, followed by a manual search, to select studies on musculoskeletal biomechanical outcomes in both activities with stroke subjects, without language restrictions, and published until December/2007. RESULTS: Out of the 432 studies, only 11 reported biomechanical outcomes of both activities and none reached the total score on the selected quality parameters. The majority of the experimental studies which compared groups did not achieve acceptable scores on their methodological quality (PEDRo). The investigated conditions and interventions were also restricted. Only one study compared biomechanical outcomes between the activities, but only evaluated the time spent to perform them. Few musculoskeletal biomechanical outcomes have been investigated, being weight bearing on the lower limbs and duration of the activities the most investigated. CONCLUSION: There is little information regarding musculoskeletal biomechanical outcomes during these activities with stroke subjects and no definite conclusions can be drawn regarding the particularities of these outcomes on their performance with stroke survivors.

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Impact of dental implant diameter on the efficiency of fatigue - a systematic review analysis

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.1040 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Mohamed Tharwat Hamed ◽

Hisham Abdullah Mously ◽

Moayyad Motaz Ghulman ◽

Ghada Hussein Naguib

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Wide Diameter ◽

Review Analysis ◽

Body Fracture ◽

Extensive Literature Search ◽

Technical Complication ◽

Performance Results ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objective: The present study explains the success and failure of dental implant diameter on the efficiency of fatigue by conducting a systematic review analysis. Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted to carry out systematic review using different scholarly platforms and libraries. A total of 12 studies published within the past 20-year time (1999-2019) were included following the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the PRISMA guidelines. Additionally, the study outcomes were evaluated to determine their perceptions regarding the role of dental implant diameter in influencing the implant’s fatigue performance. Results: The implant diameter can be categorized into wide diameter (5-6 mm), regular diameter (3.75-4 mm), and small/narrow diameter (3-3.4 mm). The narrow diameter implants are indicated through thin alveolar ridges and mesiodistal spaces (less than 7 mm). The implants with narrow diameter would offer greater risk of fatigue failure for clinical situations with significant functional loading. No significant differences were found either in success or failure of dental implant diameter on fatigue efficiency after 1-year and 3-year follow-up. Conclusion: The technical complication of dental implant include abutment screw loosening or fracture, abutment and superstructure fracture, and implant body fracture. The study has study has mainly focused on the impact of dental implant diameter on the efficiency of fatigue and reviewed a significant impact of dental implant diameter on the fatigue efficiency. Keywords: Dental Implants, Efficiency, Perception. Continuous...

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Impact of eating disorders on paid or unpaid work participation and performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Journal of Eating Disorders ◽

10.1186/s40337-021-00525-2 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatima Safi ◽

Anna M. Aniserowicz ◽

Heather Colquhoun ◽

Jill Stier ◽

Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Work Participation ◽

Unpaid Work ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

And Performance ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Eating disorders (ED) can reduce quality of life by limiting participation and performance in social and occupational roles, including paid or unpaid work. The association between ED pathologies and work participation and performance must be well understood to strengthen vocational rehabilitation programmes and prevent occupational disruptions in the ED population. The aims of this study are: (1) to examine the degree of association between ED pathologies and work participation and performance in 15-year-olds and older; (2) to highlight the specific ED symptoms that are most correlated with changes in work performance and participation; (3) to compile the most common metrics and assessments used to measure work participation and performance with ED. Methods Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library will be searched for observational and experimental studies that meet the following criteria: (1) a clinical sample of typical or atypical ED; (2) paid or unpaid employment or training; (3) an association between ED pathologies and work participation or performance. Unpublished data will also be examined. Title and abstract, and full-text screening will be conducted in duplicate. Risk of bias and quality of evidence assessments will be completed. A random-effect meta-analysis will be performed. Discussion This synthesis can clarify knowledge and gaps around the impact of ED on work functioning, thereby allowing better evaluation, improvements and development of current workplace assessments, interventions, and policies. Trial registration The registration number for this systematic review on PROSPERO is CRD42021255055.

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The Added Effect of Artificial Intelligence on Physicians’ Performance in Detecting Thoracic Pathologies on CT and Chest X-ray: A Systematic Review

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11122206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2206

Author(s):

Dana Li ◽

Lea Marie Pehrson ◽

Carsten Ammitzbøl Lauridsen ◽

Lea Tøttrup ◽

Marco Fraccaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Original Research ◽

Quality Assessment Tool ◽

Bias Assessment ◽

X Ray ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Our systematic review investigated the additional effect of artificial intelligence-based devices on human observers when diagnosing and/or detecting thoracic pathologies using different diagnostic imaging modalities, such as chest X-ray and CT. Peer-reviewed, original research articles from EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane library, SCOPUS, and Web of Science were retrieved. Included articles were published within the last 20 years and used a device based on artificial intelligence (AI) technology to detect or diagnose pulmonary findings. The AI-based device had to be used in an observer test where the performance of human observers with and without addition of the device was measured as sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, AUC, or time spent on image reading. A total of 38 studies were included for final assessment. The quality assessment tool for diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS-2) was used for bias assessment. The average sensitivity increased from 67.8% to 74.6%; specificity from 82.2% to 85.4%; accuracy from 75.4% to 81.7%; and Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) from 0.75 to 0.80. Generally, a faster reading time was reported when radiologists were aided by AI-based devices. Our systematic review showed that performance generally improved for the physicians when assisted by AI-based devices compared to unaided interpretation.

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Rituximab for Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: a Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keab046 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vincenzo G Menditto ◽

Giulia Rossetti ◽

Diletta Olivari ◽

Alessia Angeletti ◽

Marco Rocchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Biologic Agents ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis

Abstract Objective to analyze the available evidence about the use of rituximab (RTX) and other biologic agents in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) patients and to provide useful findings to inform the design of future, reliable clinical trials. Methods A systematic review was performed. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane library databases and an extensive literature search on other biologic agents. Results 45 papers pertinent to our questions were found: 16 retrospective cohort studies, 8 case series, 3 prospective cohort studies and 18 single case reports, for a total of 368 EGPA patients. More than 80% of evaluable patients achieved complete or partial remission with a tendency towards a higher rate of complete response in pANCA positive subgroup. Conclusion Although the majority of the evaluable EGPA patients treated with RTX appears to achieve complete remission, we strongly believe that a number of sources of heterogeneity impairs a clear interpretation of results and limits their transferability in clinical practice. Differences in design, enrollment criteria, outcome definition and measurement make a comparison among data obtained from studies on RTX and other biologic agents unreliable.

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Estimation of the Genetically Significant Dose from Diagnostic X-ray Procedures in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Health Physics ◽

10.1097/00004032-198307000-00003 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 21-29

Author(s):

M. Sohrabpour ◽

N. P. Saheli ◽

P. Zarsav ◽

Reza D. Esmaeeli

Keyword(s):

Islamic Republic ◽

X Ray ◽

Islamic Republic Of Iran

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Analysis of the Status of Sustainable Entrepreneurship in Macro and Sectorial Agricultural Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Journal of Rural Research ◽

10.21859/jjr-08016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 80-97

Author(s):

Pegah Moridsadat ◽

Abdol Reza Roknoddin Eftekhari ◽

Mahdi Pour Taheri ◽

Hossein Shabanali Fami

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Policies ◽

Islamic Republic ◽

Sustainable Entrepreneurship ◽

The Status ◽

Islamic Republic Of Iran

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Iraq's foreign policy and the regional context, the input of instability and mechanisms of normalization

مجلة العلوم السياسية ◽

10.30907/jj.v0i52.67 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 97-112

Author(s):

أ.م.د.اسامة مرتضى باقر ◽

أ.م.د.اسامة مرتضى باقر

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

The Political ◽

Islamic Republic ◽

Regional Environment ◽

The Past ◽

Syrian Arab Republic ◽

The Status ◽

Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽

Arab League ◽

Economic Developments

Iraq has suffered since 1991 from international sanctions imposed on it by the dictatorial regime that existed at the time, invading Kuwait, which led to the decline of the status of Iraq and the isolation of international and regional (Arab) and clear Iraq as a strange entity living within its regional environment, after April 2003 did not change much In fact, there were no signs of détente before the Arab League summit in Baghdad in 2011, and the signs of a break in the stalemate in inter-relations over the past years have become evident. Disruption and refraction was not high (Islamic Republic of Iran, Turkey, Syrian Arab Republic, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait). Each side is governed by perceptions about Iraq, especially after 2003, and the political and economic developments taking place.

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Tissue-Sparing Posterior Cervical Fusion With Interfacet Cages: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Global Spine Journal ◽

10.1177/2192568219837145 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 230-236

Author(s):

Joseph L. Laratta ◽

Karishma Gupta ◽

William D. Smith

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Cervical Fusion ◽

Cervical Spine Surgery ◽

Radiographic Outcomes ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Posterior Cervical Fusion ◽

Extensive Literature Search ◽

Tissue Sparing

Study Design: Literature review. Objectives: Posterior cervical interfacet cages are an alternative to lateral mass fixation in patients undergoing cervical spine surgery. Recently, a percutaneous, tissue-sparing system for interfacet cage placement has been developed, however, there is limited clinical evidence supporting its widespread use. The aim was to review studies published on this system for patient reported outcomes, radiographic outcomes, intraoperative outcomes, and complications. Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and MEDLINE) were queried for original published studies that evaluated the percutaneous, tissue-sparing technique for posterior cervical fusion with interfacet cage placement. All studies reporting on open techniques and purely biomechanical studies were excluded. Results: The extensive literature search returned 7852 studies. After systematic review, a total of 7 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies were independently classified as retrospective or prospective cohort studies and each assessed by the GRADE criteria. Patient reported outcomes, radiographic outcomes, intraoperative outcomes, and complications were extracted from each study and presented. Conclusions: Tissue-sparing, posterior cervical fusion with interfacet cages may be considered a safe and effective surgical intervention in patients failing conservative management for cervical spondylotic disease. However, the quality of evidence in the literature is lacking, and controlled, comparative studies are needed for definitive assessment.

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A Systematic Review on the Effect of Mechanical Stretch on Hypertrophic Scars after Burn Injuries

Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1016/j.hkjot.2016.11.001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yu-ting Zhang ◽

Cecilia W.P. Li-Tsang ◽

Ricky K.C. Au

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Mechanical Stretch ◽

Objective Evaluation ◽

Burn Injuries ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Control Group ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Hypertrophic Scars ◽

High Quality

Objective/Background To review the effect of mechanical stretch on hypertrophic scars after burn injuries. Methods A systematic review of all controlled trials related to the effect of mechanical stretch on post burn hypertrophic scars was conducted. Studies of conservative scar managements that applied mechanical forces parallel to the scar surface, including stretching exercise, massage, and splinting, were appraised. Eligible studies published in English between 1995 and 2016 were extracted from The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Science direct, SPORTDiscus, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro). The journals were further screened with inclusion and exclusion criteria. PEDro was selected for further analysis and appraisal. Results There were 853 articles identified. After a standardized screening mechanism stipulated, only nine full-text articles were selected for critical appraisal using PEDro. There were five articles of high quality, two of fair quality, and two of poor quality. Detailed training regime and outcomes of nine studies were summarised, including two studies with stretching exercise, six studies with massage, and one study with splinting. The physical parameters of scar assessments and the range of motion on affected areas were compared. Conclusion From extensive literature search, there was no strong evidence indicating the positive effect of mechanical stretch using stretching exercise, massage, or splinting on hypertrophic scars. A firm conclusion cannot be drawn for the discrepancy of outcome measures and varied effectiveness. Most of the included studies lacked objective evaluation or control group for comparison. Further high quality studies with larger sample size and using standardized measurements are needed.

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