scholarly journals Epigenetics, exposome and development of the intestinal microbiota in the neonate

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Paola Sánchez Benitez ◽  
Rocío Pérez y Terrón
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Abdominal Route ◽  
The Relationship

The intestinal microbiota is currently known as a "metabolic organ" that significantly influences the health of the host from the first years of life, being a crucial factor for optimal development of immunity and regulation of different physiological processes such as digestion, absorption, metabolism and synthesis of nutrients. This work aims to show the relationship between epigenetics, the exposome and the development of the intestinal microbiota in the newborn according to the route of birth. A documentary review of the literature of the last 5 years was carried out and it was found that the majority of non-communicable diseases are due to epigenetic modifications that can occur in the prenatal stages, together with environmental factors that also contribute to these epigenetic changes, term known as an exposome. In this sense, the greatest exposure of microorganisms for the development of intestinal colonization is at the time of birth, being Bifidobacterium one of the most important genera that contribute to immune function, found to a lesser extent in newborns born by abdominal route (cesarean section ), this type has been associated with dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota, generating consequences in the development of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, asthma, food allergy and autism spectrum disorder. Allowing to conclude that both epigenetics and the exposome and the intestinal microbiota are simultaneously related from the early stages of life and can be the cause of various non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Strengthening management of non-communicable diseases in primary care, Malawi: A short report

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos Mailosi ◽  
Christina Miller ◽  
Catherine Hodge ◽  
Serah Msimuko
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Initial Focus

Within the community-orientated primary care module for training family physicians at the Kamuzu University of Health Sciences in Malawi, a relationship was formed between Nkhoma Mission Hospital’s Family Medicine Department and the Diamphwe Community Health Centre (HC) to strengthen the continuity of healthcare and capacity team building. The initial focus was on improving the management of hypertension and diabetes in terms of diagnosis, tracking of the patients in a registry and timely referral to secondary care facilities The relationship has received positive support from Diamphwe healthcare workers, which then improved the management of non-communicable diseases and patient care at Diamphwe. It has also shown how family medicine physicians can improve HC capacity through support and mentorship.

scholarly journals Mobile health for non-communicable diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review of the literature and strategic framework for research

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald S Bloomfield ◽  
Rajesh Vedanthan ◽  
Lavanya Vasudevan ◽  
Anne Kithei ◽  
Martin Were ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Strategic Framework ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Gender differences in the relationship between built environment and non-communicable diseases: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Sara Valson ◽  
V. Raman Kutty
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Relationship

Non-communicable diseases are on the rise globally. Risk factors of non-communicable diseases continue to be a growing concern in both developed and developing countries. With significant rise in population and establishment of buildings, rapid changes have taken place in the built environment. Relationship between health and place, particularly with non-communicable diseases has been established in previous literature. This systematic review assesses the current evidence on influence of gender in the relationship between built environment and non-communicable diseases. A systematic literature search using PubMed was done to identify all studies that reported relationship between gender and built environment. All titles and abstracts were scrutinised to include only articles based on risk factors, prevention, treatment and outcome of non-communicable diseases. The Gender Analysis Matrix developed by the World Health Organization was used to describe the findings of gender differences. Sex differences, biological susceptibility, gender norms/ values, roles and activities related to gender and access to/control over resources were themes for the differences in the relationship. A total of 15 out of 214 articles met the inclusion criteria. Majority of the studies were on risk factors of non-communicable diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases. Gender differences in physical access to recreational facilities, neighbourhood perceptions of safety and walkability have been documented. Men and women showed differential preferences to walking, engaging in physical activity and in perceiving safety of the neighbourhood. Girls and boys showed differences in play activities at school and in their own neighbourhood environment. Safety from crime and safety from traffic were also perceived important to engage in physical activity. Gender norms and gender roles and activities have shown basis for the differences in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases. Sparse evidence was found on how built environment affects health seeking behaviour, preventive options or experience with health providers. Though yet unexplored in the developing or low/middle income countries, there seems to be a major role in the gendered perception of how men and women are affected by noncommunicable diseases. Large gaps still exist in the research evidence on gender-based differences in non-communicable diseases and built environment relationship. Future research directions could bring out underpinnings of how perceived and objective built environment could largely affect the health behaviour of men and women across the globe.

scholarly journals Microbiome and ischemic stroke: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245038
Author(s):  
Yee Teng Lee ◽  
Nor Ismaliza Mohd Ismail ◽  
Loo Keat Wei
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Stroke Outcome ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Relationship

Background Ischemic stroke is one of the non-communicable diseases that contribute to the significant number of deaths worldwide. However, the relationship between microbiome and ischemic stroke remained unknown. Hence, the objective of this study was to perform systematic review on the relationship between human microbiome and ischemic stroke. Methods A systematic review on ischemic stroke was carried out for all articles obtained from databases until 22nd October 2020. Main findings were extracted from all the eligible studies. Results Eighteen eligible studies were included in the systematic review. These studies suggested that aging, inflammation, and different microbial compositions could contribute to ischemic stroke. Phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes also appeared to manipulate post-stroke outcome. The important role of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and trimethylamine N-oxide in ischemic stroke were also highlighted. Conclusions This is the first systematic review that investigates the relationship between microbiome and ischemic stroke. Aging and inflammation contribute to differential microbial compositions and predispose individuals to ischemic stroke.

Combating non-communicable diseases: potentials and challenges for community health workers in a digital age, a narrative review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Raj Mishra ◽  
Charilaos Lygidakis ◽  
Dinesh Neupane ◽  
Bishal Gyawali ◽  
Jean Paul Uwizihiwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Recommendations on Complementary Feeding as a Tool for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)—Paper Co-Drafted by the SIPPS, FIMP, SIDOHaD, and SINUPE Joint Working Group

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Margherita Caroli ◽  
Andrea Vania ◽  
Maria Carmen Verga ◽  
Giuseppe Di Mauro ◽  
Marcello Bergamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Local Foods ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cultural Choices ◽  
The Relationship

Adequate and balanced nutrition is essential to promote optimal child growth and a long and healthy life. After breastfeeding, the second step is the introduction of complementary feeding (CF), a process that typically covers the period from 6 to 24 months of age. This process is, however, still highly controversial, as it is heavily influenced by socio-cultural choices, as well as by the availability of specific local foods, by family traditions, and pediatrician beliefs. The Società Italiana di Pediatria Preventiva e Sociale (SIPPS) together with the Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri (FIMP), the Società Italiana per lo Sviluppo e le Origine della Salute e delle Malattie (SIDOHaD), and the Società Italiana di Nutrizione Pediatrica (SINUPE) have developed evidence-based recommendations for CF, given the importance of nutrition in the first 1000 days of life in influencing even long-term health outcomes. This paper includes 38 recommendations, all of them strictly evidence-based and overall addressed to developed countries. The recommendations in question cover several topics such as the appropriate age for the introduction of CF, the most appropriate quantitative and qualitative modalities to be chosen, and the relationship between CF and the development of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) later in life.

scholarly journals Relationship of Compliance with Medication With hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kesmas Kesmas
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Medication Compliance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Adherence Scale ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Elderly or Elderly is a group that due to age, physiological function of the body decreases due to the aging process so that non-communicable diseases get older and more diseases will appear in the elderly, and due to degenerative impairment occurs the body so it is susceptible to infectious diseases . Based on Riskesdas (2013), the most common diseases in the elderly are non-communicable diseases or PTM, namely Hypertension of 45.9% at age 55-64 years and 63.8% at age 75 years above. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between regularity of taking drugs with hypertension. This type of research is correlation analytic research with observational observational and retrospective approaches. The study population is all elderly with hypertension in Karang Werda Sejahtera Kelurahan Bendul Merisi Surabaya, sample size 24, sampling with total sampling. Hypertension variable data collection is done by observing measurements and compliance variables using the MMAS-8 questionnaire or Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, spearmen correlation test data analysis with α = 0 , 05 . The results obtained 1) there is a relationship between adherence to take antihypertensive medication with Hypertension with ρ = 0.010, 2) there is a relationship between knowledge of taking antihypertensive medication with Hypertension with ρ = 0.012, 3) There is a relationship between motivation to take antihypertensive medication with Hypertension with ρ = 0.012. Maintaining medication compliance is important to reduce morbidity and mortality in the elderly .

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