scholarly journals Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical application of Ginkgo biloba

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-240
Author(s):  
Manisha P. More ◽  
Anuja S. Motule ◽  
Prajakta N. Dongare ◽  
Prerna A. Patinge ◽  
Rahul D. Jawarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Ginkgolide B ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Ginkgolide A ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Different Parts

In the present review, we are highlighted various pharmacognostic and pharmacological aspects of the different parts of plant Ginkgo biloba. Leaves are mainly potential source of phytochemical constituents. The plant encompasses variety of pharmacological activities namely antioxidant, hypolipidemic, antibacterial, etc. The pharmacological profile of plant is mainly attributed to the presence of chemicals such as Ginkgolide A, Ginkgolide B, Ginkgolide C, Bilobalide, Ginkgotoxin, ginkgolides and bilobalide are the major constituents. The pills with the highest concentration of plant extract (100 mg) allow the intake of the highest antioxidants concentration. It is also used along with 5-flurouracil in cancer treatment. There is need to explore more activities of the plant.

Quantitative GC-FID and UHPLC-DAD Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Ginkgo biloba

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 893-904
Author(s):  
Alessandra von Ahn ◽  
João Henrique Z. dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ginkgolide B ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Ginkgolide A ◽  
Terpene Trilactones

Background: The official compendium of the quantification of ginkgo flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba extract has been proposed using HPLC. The drawbacks of this technique appear to be due to the restricted efficiency in terms of the recovery results and suitability of the system for the quantification of these compounds. This study investigated the potential advantages and limitations of the development of efficient extraction methods for the recovery of flavonol glycosides (quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin) and terpene trilactones (bilobalide, ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B and ginkgolide C) using extraction, quantification and detection techniques, namely, GC-FID and UHPLC-DAD, which are alternatives to those techniques available in the literature. Methods: Two different extraction methodologies have been developed for the determination of flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin) and terpene trilactones (bilobalide, ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B and ginkgolide C) using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector. Results: In this study, the Ginkgo biloba extract mass, hydrolysis preparation method (with or without reflux), and volume of the extraction solution seemed to affect the ginkgo flavonoid recovery. The UHPLC-based method exhibited higher extraction efficiency for ginkgo flavonoid quantification compared to the pharmacopoeial method. The developed method exhibited higher extraction efficiency for terpene quantification compared to the previous method that used extractive solution without pH adjustment, with less time of extraction and less amount of the sample and organic solvent aliquots. Conclusion: The UHPLC and GC analysis methods established in this study are both effective and efficient. These methods may improve the quality control procedures for ginkgo extract and commercial products available in today´s natural health product market. The results indicate that redeveloped extraction methods can be a viable alternative to traditional extraction methods.

scholarly journals A Review on Ethnopharmacological Applications, Pharmacological Activities, and Bioactive Compounds ofMangifera indica(Mango)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meran Keshawa Ediriweera ◽  
Kamani Hemamala Tennekoon ◽  
Sameera Ranganath Samarakoon
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Diverse Plant ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Mangifera indica(family Anacardiaceae), commonly known as mango, is a pharmacologically, ethnomedically, and phytochemically diverse plant. Various parts ofM. indicatree have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of different ailments, and a number of bioactive phytochemical constituents ofM. indicahave been reported, namely, polyphenols, terpenes, sterols, carotenoids, vitamins, and amino acids, and so forth. Several studies have proven the pharmacological potential of different parts of mango trees such as leaves, bark, fruit peel and flesh, roots, and flowers as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antiplasmodial, and antihyperlipemic. In the present review, a comprehensive study on ethnopharmacological applications, pharmacological activities, and bioactive compounds ofM. indicahas been described.

scholarly journals CONNECTION APPROACHES BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND MODERN PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SHOREA ROBUSTA GAERTN. F.: A REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Manish Pal Singh ◽  
Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Different Parts

Shorea robusta is regarded as an important medicine in Ayurveda. S. robusta Gaertn. f. belongs to family Dipterocarpaceae, and traditionally, it is used to treat wounds, ulcers, leprosy, cough, gonorrhea, earache, and headache and many more. The use of different parts of this plant such as leaves, resin, and bark as a medicament for the treatment of various conditions is well documented in literature. It is the rich source of flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, phenols, etc. mainly triterpenoids, which play the prominent role for their therapeutic potential in the drug. These compounds are believed to be responsible for the pharmacological activities of plant extract. The present review clarified the main active ingredients and pharmacological effects of S. robusta as a promising plant as a result of effectiveness and safety. Further studies should be carried out this plant to discover the unrevealed part of it which may serve for the welfare of humankind.

Effect of Levopimaradiene on Terpene Trilactones Biosynthesis and Gene Expression Profiling in Ginkgo biloba Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Jianhua Zhu ◽  
Pu Wang ◽  
Minghua Qian ◽  
Chuxin Liang ◽  
Jiachen Zi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Mep Pathway ◽  
Ginkgolide B ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Ginkgolide A ◽  
Terpene Trilactones

Ginkgolides (GKs) and Bilobalide (BB) are rare terpene trilactones obtained from Ginkgo biloba, but their biosynthetic pathway is still unclear. In this paper, effects of levopimaradiene (LP) on increasing the production of terpene trilactones of G. biloba dedifferentiated cells (DDCs) and cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) were reported. The productions of ginkgolide A (GA) and ginkgolide B (GB) were 1.61 and 1.32 folds larger than that of the control groups when G. biloba DDCs was treated with LP, and the productions of ginkgolide C (GC) and BB reached 234 and 161 μg L−1 after treated with LP for 60 h. The production of GA, GB, GC and BB was 2.03, 1.43, 1.22 and 1.19 folds larger than that of the control groups in LP-treated CMCs groups. The results demonstrated that BB could be produced from the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. qRT-PCR experiments showed that LP was a significant precursor manipulated the biosynthesis of terpene trilactones via affecting the transcript levels of several related genes in the MEP pathway.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Pharmacological profile of Colebrookea oppositifolia Smith

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Flavone Glycoside ◽  
Flavone Glycosides ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Methoxy Flavone ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Colebrookea oppositifolia commonly known as ‘Bhaman’ is distributed throughout India from the Himalayas down to Deccan. The plant is used traditionally as such as dermatitis, dysentery, fever, headache, peptic ulcer, haemostatic, wounds, as anti-fertility agent, fungicide, and the roots of the plant has been most widely used for the treatment of epilepsy.. Medicinally, it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like treating corneal opacity or conjunctivitis, sore eyes due to its anti-inflammatory properties, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antihelmintic, antifungal, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, cytotoxic activity, anticonvulsant, antiulcer, antimicrobial, anti-fertility, antipyretic and insecticide. Further, studies reveal the presence of various phytochemical constituents mainly flavone glycosides viz. chrysin, negletein, landenein; leaves contain 5,6,7- tri-methoxyflavone, 5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone, acteoside, and quercetin in the bark; root contains stearic, palmitic, oleic acids, triacontanol, flavone glycoside echioidin, 5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone and 4',5,6,7- tetra methoxy flavone; sugars and vitamins have also been isolated from this plant. These studies reveal that Colebrookea oppositifolia is a source of medicinally active compounds and have various pharmacological effects; hence, this drug encourage finding its new therapeutic uses. Keywords: Colebrookea oppositifolia, wound healing, anticonvulsant, Lamiaceae

scholarly journals FivePistaciaspecies (P. vera,P. atlantica,P. terebinthus,P. khinjuk, andP. lentiscus): A Review of Their Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbubeh Bozorgi ◽  
Zahra Memariani ◽  
Masumeh Mobli ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Salehi Surmaghi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Shams-Ardekani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses ◽  
Different Parts

Pistacia, a genus of flowering plants from the family Anacardiaceae, contains about twenty species, among them five are more popular includingP. vera, P. atlantica, P. terebinthus, P. khinjuk,andP. lentiscus. Different parts of these species have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes like tonic, aphrodisiac, antiseptic, antihypertensive and management of dental, gastrointestinal, liver, urinary tract, and respiratory tract disorders. Scientific findings also revealed the wide pharmacological activities from various parts of these species, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antidiabetic, antitumor, antihyperlipidemic, antiatherosclerotic, and hepatoprotective activities and also their beneficial effects in gastrointestinal disorders. Various types of phytochemical constituents like terpenoids, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and sterols have also been isolated and identified from different parts ofPistaciaspecies. The present review summarizes comprehensive information concerning ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of the five mentionedPistaciaspecies.

Pharmacognostical and pharmacological activity of Justicia gendarussa burm.f.: a comprehensive review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3384-3390
Author(s):  
Ashish ◽  
Anjali ◽  
Dixit Praveen K ◽  
Nagarajan K ◽  
Sahoo Jagannath
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Andaman Islands ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Different Parts

Justicia gendarussa Burm .f. (family Acanthaceae) which is also known as willow-leaves and commonly known as Nili-Nirgundi, it is very commonly found nearby to China and its availability is very common in larger parts of India and Andaman islands. Traditionally it is used to treat various sorts of disorders such as wound healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antiproliferative, anti-arthritic etc. Justicia gendarussa is one of the crucial herbs which has been used in the Ayurveda. Majorly leaves parts of the plant shows the pharmacological activity but the root of the plant Justicia gendarussa is also have the important medicinal values. A large variety of pharmacologically active constituents i.e., alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, carbohydrates, steroids, triterpenoids, carotenoids, aminoacids, tannins, phenolics, coumarines and anthaquinones are also present in this plant and they makes the plant pharmacologically important. The activity of the plant is also dependent on the solvent which is used for the extraction the various vital chemical constituents. The different- different parts of the plants having the different medicinal values also differ in the chemical values. This review is not only focused on the essential phytochemical constituents which is available in the plant but it also explains their necessary medicinal value to shows the essential biological action and phytopharmacological actions of various parts of the plant.

Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, Toxicity and Clinical Application of Momordica cochinchinensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Yue Lan ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
Yu-Li Shen ◽  
Xiao-Qin Li ◽  
Su-Juan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Momordica Cochinchinensis

Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng (M. cochinchinensis) is a deciduous vine that grows in Southeast Asia. It is known as gac in Vietnam and as Red Melon in English. Gac is reputed to be extremely benificial for health and has been widely used as food and folk medicine in Southeast Asia. In China, the seed of M. cochinchinensis (Chinese name: Mu biezi) is used as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of various diseases. More than 60 chemical constituents have been isolated from M. cochinchinensis. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practice demonstrate that some chemical constituents of M. cochinchinensis possess wide pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, etc. This paper reviews the phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicity, and clinical application of M. cochinchinensis, aiming to bring new insights into further research and application of this ancient herb.

An Overview on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile of Morus alba Linn.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpita Paul ◽  
Monami Rajiung ◽  
Kamaruz Zaman ◽  
Sushil Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Hans Raj Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
White Mulberry

Background: Morus alba Linn. commonly known as white mulberry, belongs to the family Moraceae, is a promising traditional medicine. In Asia, besides its use in the preparation of delicacies, every part of this plant is utilized in traditional medicine. Over the past decade, studies related to identification and isolation of biologically active compounds, with flavonoids as the major class of phytoconstituents, from this plant has been reported. These phytoconstituents are not only found to be beneficial for the maintenance of general health but also are associated with a range of potential pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective to name a few. Objective: This review aims to provide upgraded and comprehensive information regarding the phytochemical, ethnomedicinal use and pharmacological profile of the plant Morus alba Linn. Method: The significant information has been collected through various database viz. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct based on the recent findings, using different terms of Morus alba. Results: The outcome of the study suggests that Morus alba is a multifunctional plant numerous phytochemicals, and possess a range of pharmacological activities. Conclusion: The data assembled on Morus alba will be beneficial to trigger research in various fields of pharmaceutical and allied science to explore the medicinal importance of this unique plant.

Bioprospecting Cryptogams as Potential Source of Unique Biodynamic Phytochemicals with Diverse Pharmaceutical Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brahma N. Singh ◽  
Garima Pandey ◽  
Prateeksha ◽  
J. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Structures

With the advent of green pharmaceuticals, the secondary metabolites derived from plants have provided numerous leads for the development of a wide range of therapeutic drugs; however the discovery of new drugs with novel structures has declined in the past few years. Cryptogams including lichens, bryophytes, and pteridophytes represent a group of small terrestrial plants that remain relatively untouched in the drug discovery process though some have been used as ethnomedicines by various tribes worldwide. Studies of their secondary metabolites are recent but reveal unique secondary metabolites which are not synthesized by higher plants. These compounds can have the potential to develop more potential herbal drugs for prevention and treatment of diseases The present article . deals with the secondary metabolites and pharmacological activities of cryptogams with an objective to bring them forth as potential source of biodynamic compounds of therapeutic value.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document