scholarly journals Gaya hidup penderita diabetes mellitus Tipe 2 pada masyarakat di daerah perkotaan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-368
Author(s):  
Heironimus Billy Febriyan

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 is a disease characterized by high glucose levels in the blood exceed the standard value. The condition causes the disruption of the function of organs, causing all sorts of problems, among others such as eye disorders, heart, healing wounds, and stroke. Diabetes mellitus type 2 has some risk factors such as gender, age, family history, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, less activity, fat and carbohydrate intake high. The residence also can be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus where urban areas are associated with a change in lifestyle and dietary habits compared with the countryside. It became one of the causes of the increase in type 2 diabetes mellitus in urban areas. Conclusion It was found that type 2 diabetes mellitus is very influential, especially in decreased quality of life, especially in urban areas.

Author(s):  
R. Siddarama ◽  
G. Thrinath ◽  
J. Bhagyasree ◽  
S. Afshaan Anjum ◽  
R. Anjanamma

Background: The aim of this study is to observe the prevalence of complications of diabetes mellitus (Type 2) among patients and to minimize their occurrence through patient education. The study helps to assess the clinical data of patients with diabetes mellitus (Type 2) along with the analysis of patterns, frequencies and predictive factors of microvascular, macrovascular complications and to educate and minimize the complications of diabetes mellitus among patients.Methods: Prospective and observational study was conducted among the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Sree Diabetes Clinic for a period of 6 months. The patients were interviewed using the patient data collection form which included demographic details, chief complaints and different diagnostic tools to detect type of complications. Both micro and macrovascular complications were evaluated.Results: A total of 150 type 2 diabetic cases were collected. Out of these 38(25.33%) patients were having BMI <25, and 112(74.67%) were having BMI ≥25 (overweight and obese). Out of 150 diabetic cases collected, a total of 131 diabetic complications were found. Out of these, 64(42.6%) were neuropathy, 3(2%) were nephropathy, 20(13.3%) were retinopathy and 17(11.3%) were having cardiovascular complications. Out of 112 patients with BMI ≥25, 60(54%) were found to have diabetic complications and out of 38 patients with BMI <25, 18(47%) were found to have diabetic complications. 90 out of 150 patients had a history of hypertension and 17 out of 150 patients had an abnormal lipid level.Conclusions: In this study, author found that obesity is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus and its complications.


2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1848-51
Author(s):  
Asma Tasneem ◽  
Samina Naeem ◽  
Nasir Uddin ◽  
Maria Farid ◽  
Shehneela Jabeen ◽  
...  

Objective: To find out the association of type 2 diabetes mellitus with ABO and Rh blood groups. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Jul to Dec 2020. Methodology: A total 179 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy individuals were inducted into the study. Five (5ml) blood from the patients was taken via clean aseptic venipuncture in a tube containing EDTA. HbA1C was generated through automated analyzer Cobas c501 and blood grouping was carried out using tube method by an experienced technician. Results: A total of 179 (77.8%) individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 and 50 (21.7%) healthy cases were inducted into the study as a control group. A statistically significant difference was observed with blood group B being the most prevalent among them (p=0.001). There was a greater frequency of Rh-negative blood group in patients having diabetes mellitus type 2 as compared to the control group. Conclusion: There is a strong association found between ABO and Rh blood group with diabetes mellitus type 2. Blood group B negative was the most common among the patients having diabetes mellitus type 2. Blood group O positive showed the least association.


Author(s):  
Beatriz Silva de Magalhães ◽  
Juliana Valéria De Melo ◽  
Fernanda De Sousa Marinho ◽  
Claúdia Regina Lopes Cardoso ◽  
Gil Fernando Da Costa Mendes de Salles

O Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), o tipo mais prevalente na população, pode interferir em hábitos e rotinas presentes na vida de um sujeito e consequentemente pode acarretar mudanças nos papéis ocupacionais. Avaliar e intervir nos papéis ocupacionais dos indivíduos é parte do domínio da Terapia Ocupacional. Objetivo: Analisar a produção acadêmica sobre o impacto nos papéis ocupacionais de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa da literatura, realizada na base de dados PUBMED. Foram criadas três categorias para análise: Entendendo o contexto do paciente com Diabetes Tipo 2; Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 e Papéis Ocupacionais; e Rede de suporte. Resultados: Selecionaram-se nove artigos para análise e, desses, um foi relacionado ao processo terapêutico ocupacional. Os demais referiam-se ao impacto nos papéis ocupacionais de maneira indireta. Não foram encontrados estudos que utilizassem a Lista de Identificação de Papéis Ocupacionais para verificar quais destes foram modificados após o diagnóstico. Discussão: Percebeu-se que o contexto do indivíduo com DM2 após o diagnóstico sofre mudanças que impactam nos hábitos e na rotina. Os papéis ocupacionais identificados foram: de maneira direta, Membro da Família e Trabalhador; e de forma indireta, Cuidador e Amigo. Considerações finais: Os papéis ocupacionais podem ser alterados em indivíduos com DM2. Nessa direção, espera-se que essa revisão motive novos estudos que façam uso da Lista de Identificação de Papéis Ocupacionais junto a indivíduos com DM2, para abordar de forma direta essa temática. AbstractDiabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), the most prevalent type in the population, can interfere with habits and routines present in the life of a subject and consequently can lead to changes in the occupational roles. Assessing and intervening in the occupational roles of individuals is part of the field of Occupational Therapy. Objective: To analyze the academic production on the impact on the occupational roles of people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methodology: This work is an integrative bibliographical review of the literature, carried out in the PUBMED database. Three categories were established for analysis: Understanding the context of the patient with Type 2 Diabetes; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Occupational Roles; and Network Support. Results: Nine articles were selected for analysis, of which one was related to the occupational therapeutic process. The others referred to the impact on occupational roles indirectly. No studies were found that used the Role Checklist to verify which roles were modified after diagnosis. Discussion: It was noticed that the context of the individual with DM2 after the diagnosis undergoes changes that impact the habits and routine. The occupational roles identified were: directly, Family Member and Worker; and indirectly, Caregiver and Friend. Conclusion: The occupational roles can be altered in individuals with DM2. In this direction, it is expected that this review will motivate new studies that make use of the Role Checklist with individuals with DM2 to approach this issue in a direct way.Keywords: Role Performance; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Role Checklist; Occupational Roles; Occupational Therapy. ResumenLa Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), el tipo más prevalente en la población, puede interferir en hábitos y rutinas presentes en la vida de un sujeto y consecuentemente puede acarrear cambios en los papeles ocupacionales. Evaluar e intervenir en los papeles ocupacionales de los individuos es parte del dominio de la Terapia Ocupacional. Objetivo: Analizar la producción académica sobre el impacto en los papeles ocupacionales de personas con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integrativa de la literatura, realizada en la base de datos PUBMED. Se crearon tres categorías para el análisis: Entendiendo el contexto del paciente con Diabetes Tipo 2; Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 y Papeles Ocupacionales; y Red de soporte. Resultados: Se seleccionaron nueve artículos para análisis y, de éstos, uno fue relacionado al proceso terapéutico ocupacional. Los demás se refirieron al impacto en los papeles ocupacionales de manera indirecta. No se encontraron estudios que utilizaran la Lista de Identificación de Papeles Ocupacionales para verificar cuáles de éstos fueron modificados después del diagnóstico. Discusión: Se percibió que el contexto del individuo con DM2 después del diagnóstico sufre cambios que impactan en los hábitos y en la rutina. Los papeles ocupacionales identificados fueron: directamente, Miembro de la Familia y Trabajador; y indirectamente, Cuidador y Amigo. Consideraciones finales: Los papeles ocupacionales pueden ser alterados en individuos con DM2. En esta dirección, se espera que esta revisión motive nuevos estudios que hagan uso de la Lista de Identificación de Papeles Ocupacionales junto a individuos con DM2, para abordar de forma directa esa temática.Palabras clave: Rendimiento de Papeles; Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2; Lista de identificación de papeles ocupacionales; Papeles ocupacionales; Terapia ocupacional. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (225) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Kushwaha ◽  
Anuj Raj Kadel

Introduction: Diabetes is a health problem on the rise in developing countries like Nepal. Oftenin the suburban and rural areas, patients are diagnosed in the late stages with complications. Theaim of this study is to find out the prevalence of diabetes type 2 in a community hospital of Nepal. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done in a community hospital from January toMarch of 2019 after ethical clearance (Registration number: 150320192) from the institutional reviewcommittee of Kathmandu Medical College. Convenient sampling technique was used. Glucometerusing glucose sticks is used to measure random blood sugar level and relevant questions were askedin a short interview. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20version. Results: Out of a total of 114 people, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 5 (4.38%). Amongthose 5 (4.385%) people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 2 (1.75%) were female and 3 (2.63%) were male.The minimum age of the patient was 17 years and the maximum age was 92 years. Five out of 95patients with mild physical activity had random blood sugar more than 200 mg/dl and five out of46 alcoholic patients had random blood sugar levels more than 200 mg/dl. Only 1 out of 26 smokershad a random blood sugar level of more than 200 mg/dl. Conclusions: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 in our study population is quite high. Earlydetection of diabetes mellitus type 2 can be a good screening tool for early treatment and preventionof complications.  


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
Gilbert Sterling Octavius ◽  
Alvita Suci Edgina ◽  
Stefany Tanto ◽  
Werlison Tobing

Pendahuluan    : Terdapat peningkatan prevalensi pasien diabetes mellitus (DM) dan morbiditasnya, termasuk retinopati diabetik. Retinopati diabetik adalah penyebab paling sering dari kasus baru kebutaan di antara orang dewasa berusia 20-74 tahun yang akan mempengaruhi produktivitas kelompok usia ini jika dibiarkan atau tidak diobati. Tujuan : Mengevaluasi kemungkinan tingkat kalsifediol sebagai prediktor keparahan retinopati diabetik pada pasien dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Metode : Kami mencari di PubMed, Kemajuan Oftalmologi, Laporan Ilmiah dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Langsung menggunakan istilah “25(OH)D3 Level”, “Diabetic Retinopathy”, “Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus”, “Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus”, dan “Predictor” dalam berbagai kombinasi dan menemukan 7 studi yang digunakan dalam ulasan ini. Hasil                : Kami menemukan 4 literatur yang menyatakan bahwa ada hubungan positif antara level 25 (OH) D3 sebagai prediktor untuk keparahan retinopati diabetik sementara ada 3 literatur yang menyatakan sebaliknya. Enam literatur menggunakan desain cross sectional sedangkan satu dilakukan dengan menggunakan case control. Tingkat pemotongan 25(OH)D3 pada pasien dengan masing-masing 18,9-24,3 ng/ml, 17,4-21,7 ng/ml, dan 14,7-21,1 ng/ml. Kesimpulan      : Sementara penggunaan 25(OH)D3 sebagai prediktor tingkat keparahan retinopati diabetik masih tidak meyakinkan, hubungan proporsional terbalik terlihat antara kedua variabel.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
Ida Faridah ◽  
Ade Purnama ◽  
Yati Afiyanti

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 cannot be cured but can be controlled by controlling blood sugar levels and improving the quality of life of diabetics. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus based on doctor's diagnosis and age ≥15 years in Banten province has increased in 2013 by 1.3% while in 2018 it was 2.2% (Riskesdas, 2018). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the cdmt2 application model on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research methods: the method used in this study was one group pre test post test. The sampling technique in this study used a total sampling with a total of 384 respondents with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Banten. The instruments used were the DQOL questionnaire and the cdmt2 application model. Results: The Paired Simple T-Test showed the effect of the cdmt2 application model on the quality of life of diabetic patients (P value = 0.000) P <0.05. The cdmt2 application significantly affects the quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: The cdmt2 application model significantly influences the quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. health promotion regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Cdmt2 Application Model, quality of life, type 2 diabetes mellitus Bibliography: 2010-2020


2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Natalya Ivanovna Volkova ◽  
Maria Igorevna Antonenko ◽  
Liliya Alexandrovna Ganenko

Current review discusses novel data concerning prevalence of Cushing syndrome without characteristic clinical signs among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We also provide detailed analysis of difficulties in diagnostics and management of this condition


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
S.Yu. Mogilevskyy ◽  
A.S. Hudz ◽  
Yu.O. Panchenko ◽  
O.V. Bushuyeva ◽  
G.E. Zakharevych

Background. According to the International Diabetes Federation, the number of people with diabetes mellitus is going to increase from 366 to 552 million by 2030. More than 1.5 million patients with diabetes are registered in Ukraine, of which 84–95 % have type 2 diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the common diabetes complications, being one of the leading causes of blindness and low vision, in particular in people of occupational age. Metabolic disorders, including activation of the polyol pathway of glucose utilization, play an important role in the pathogenesis of DR, with aldose reductase playing a key role, the activity of which is associated with the polymorphism of its gene, AKR1B1. The study of new meta­bolic and genetic mechanisms for the development and progression of DR in type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients from the Ukrainian population is an actual task of modern ophthalmology. Purpose: to investigate and generalize new genetically determined risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. The study involved 409 participants, who were divided into four groups: 1 — comparison cohort (98 people without diabetes mellitus type 2); 2 — 76 patients (stage I DR, without fundus chan­ges); 3 — 64 individuals with non-proliferative DR; 4 — 64 patients with proliferative DR; control group for genetic researches included 107 ophthalmologically healthy individuals. All patients underwent blood sampling for molecular genetic research by puncture of the ulnar vein and aspiration of 2.5 ml of blood through a 23G 5.0 ml disposable syringe (Hemoplast, Etalon+, Ukraine), followed by a release into a 3.0 ml container (Vacuette K3E K3EDTA, Greiner Bio-One, Austria). Distribution of polymorphic alleles and genotypes of rs759853 and rs9640883 aldose reductase gene (AKR1B1) in patients with non-proliferative DR, proliferative DR and in the control group and their association with disease and effects on the occurrence, mechanisms of development and progression of DR were studied. Based on the conducted researches, a model of DR development prognosis was developed by construction of multiple regression with sufficient reliability of degree of influence of independent variables on a calculated indicator. Results. As a result of our research, we identified new genetically determined risk factors for the development and progression of the different stages of DR in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, namely the role of polymorphic alleles and genotypes rs759853 and rs9640883 of the AKR1B1 gene. The deve­loped logistic regression models found that the risk of DR incidence is five times lower in carriers of the G/G and G/A genotypes compared to carriers of the A/A genotype rs759853 polymorphism (p < 0.001). It was found that the risk is twice as high (p = 0.01) for carriers of the G/G genotype rs9640883 compared to the A/A + G/A genotypes. The risk of developing proliferative DR is 3.3 times lower in carriers of the G/G genotype and 2.5 times lower in carriers of the G/A genotype compared to carriers of the A/A genotype rs759853. Conclusions. Therefore, on the basis of our clinical, ophthalmological, molecular genetic and statistical studies we have identified new risk factors for the development and progression of different stages of DR in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Mathematical models of development and progression of different stages of DR in patients with diabetes type 2 were built.


Author(s):  
Sri Bintang

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 is a metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in blood sugar due to decreased insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells and or insulin function disorders (insulin resistance). This study aims to evaluate oral antidiabetics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Regional General Hospital dr. Soegiri Lamongan. This research design is descriptive with a population of all type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from July to August 2019 using a total sampling technique. The number of samples in this study were 64 patients. The results showed that the most prescribed oral antidiabetic in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the RSUD in Lamongan was an oral combination of antidiabetic, namely Gliclazid and Metformin (29.70%), in terms of the correct dose and method of administration of the drug, in accordance with the guidelines in the Ministry of Health. and FRS (100%), in the data of patients who experienced a decrease in GDA, it was seen that the combination therapy of sulfonylurea and biguanide compared to single therapy was 92.5%. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Oral Antidiabetic, Blood Glucose


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