scholarly journals Spatial Disaster Risk Assesment of Kelud Eruption, Indonesia, using Fuzzy

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Titis Octary Satrio ◽  
Arna Fariza ◽  
Mu'arifin Mu'arifin
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Fuzzy Methods ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
The Face ◽  
Active Volcanoes

Indonesia is one of the countries included in the area of the Ring of Fire or the Ring of the Pacific. This fact can be seen that in Indonesia there are 129 active volcanoes and 10 of them are the most active volcanoes. Mount Kelud is the most active volcano in the province of East Java, Indonesia. This mountain is recorded as actively erupting with a relatively short span of time (9-25 years), making it a volcano that is dangerous for humans. Readiness of citizens is very necessary as an effort to prevent and anticipate the eruption of Mount Kelud in the future. Disaster risk level assessments are needed to provide information for citizen and government preparedness in the face of volcanic eruptions. In this paper a new approach is proposed to assess the level of disaster risk of Kelud eruption using Fuzzy methods in each village in the disaster-prone area (KRB). Fuzzy methods classify disaster risk levels based on criteria of hazards, vulnerabilities and index of capacities. The level of disaster risk is divided into low, medium, and high which are spatially mapped. The result of calculations and spatial visualization show that the approach used produces a level of disaster risk that is fairer than only based on hazard.

scholarly journals ANALISIS RISIKO BENCANA TANAH LONGSOR DI KECAMATAN SUKASADA, KABUPATEN BULELENG

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
I Wayan Gede Eka Saputra ◽  
I.P.G. Ardhana ◽  
I Wayan Sandi Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Threat Level ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Mitigation Effort ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Risk

Sukasada Sub-District is a region that is largely a hilly area with steep slopes, rainfall intensity is high enough and unstable ground conditions. This leads that the Sub-District of Sukasada becomes potential for the occurrence of landslides. Mitigation effort is therefore necessary to reduce the risk of landslides that may occur. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of threats, vulnerabilities and capacities of level landslides in Sub-District of Sukasada. In addition to the above objectives, the study also aims to formulate strategies for disaster risk reduction of landslides in the Sub-District of Sukasada. The results showed the threat of landslides in the Sub-District of Sukasada is covering 11.169 hectares or 69,51% of the total area. High threat level area is around 727 hectares, the threat level is covering 7.717 hectares and a low threat level area is around 2.725 hectares. The level of vulnerability of landslides in Sub- District of Sukasada ranges from moderate to high. The highest vulnerability level (0.83) is located in some villages, such as: Pancasari, Pegayaman, Panji and Panji Anom Village. While the lowest level of vulnerability (0.66) is in Padangbulia Village. The level of local capacity to landslides in the Sub-District of Sukasada is low, with the resistance area index of 40,25 or capacity level of 0,2349. The level of risk of landslides in the Sub-District of Sukasada is classified as moderate to high. Areas with moderate risk levels are covering 2.032 hectares and a high level of risk covering 7.171 hectares. Strategies that can be done to cope with disaster risk are to reduce the threat, reduce vulnerability and increase capacity. Areas with moderate risk level can be done non-structural mitigation. Structural mitigation can be done in areas with a high level of risk.

scholarly journals Analisa Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Di Kawasan Resiko Bencana ( KRB III) Desa Dukun Kecamatan Dukun Kabupaten Magelang

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Margono Margono ◽  
M Khoirul Amin ◽  
Retna Tri Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
Community Source

Abstract Introduction: Magelang Regency is one of the areas on the slopes of Merapi Mountain with the greatest disaster risk is volcanic eruptions. Dukun Village is one of the volcanic disaster-prone areas located approximately 8 km from the top of the mountain and included as Disaster Risk Area III in Magelang Regency. In the eruption on 2010 most of the Dukun community evacuated to other districts avoiding the hot clouds. The volcano in Magelang was on alert status from May 21, 2018. Within a period of 1.5 years, several volcanoes emitted volcanic ash and earthquakes. Under these circumstances, the risk of disaster in the community is very high, especially those in the Disaster Risk Area III of Merapi Mountain. Community based disaster management needs to be improved, especially in preparation for disaster preparedness. Method: the type of this research is descriptive quantitative, with a field survey analysis method using a questionnaire about the community preparedness at Dukun Village in Disaster Risk Area III dealing with disasters. Results: The results showed the community analysis of disaster risk in the Dukun village was a volcanic eruption with a percentage of 96% of the community, source of information obtained by the community about the disaster 89% showed from village officials, as many as 74% of families had participated in the socialization of the disaster but the majority were only the family heads, as much as 66% have sought disaster risk reduction and as many as 33.5% of the community if there is a plan to evacuate siblings. Family preparedness in preparing first aid kits was still very low. Conclusion: The Dukun Village community has realized that being in a disaster-prone area, at present the majority of families have participated in preparedness socialization but in disaster risk reduction and preparation is still lacking.

scholarly journals From Sensor to Cloud: An IoT Network of Radon Outdoor Probes to Monitor Active Volcanoes

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Terray ◽  
Laurent Royer ◽  
David Sarramia ◽  
Cyrille Achard ◽  
Etienne Bourdeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Data Loss ◽  
Etna Volcano ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Private Network ◽  
Soil Gases ◽  
Potential Precursor ◽  
Active Volcanoes

While radon in soil gases has been identified for decades as a potential precursor of volcanic eruptions, there has been a recent interest for monitoring radon in air on active volcanoes. We present here the first network of outdoor air radon sensors that was installed successfully on Mt. Etna volcano, Sicily, Italy in September 2019. Small radon sensors designed for workers and home dosimetry were tropicalized in order to be operated continuously in harsh volcanic conditions with an autonomy of several months. Two stations have been installed on the south flank of the volcano at ~3000 m of elevation. A private network has been deployed in order to transfer the measurements from the stations directly to a server located in France, using a low-power wide-area transmission technology from Internet of Things (IoT) called LoRaWAN. Data finally feed a data lake, allowing flexibility in data management and sharing. A first analysis of the radon datasets confirms previous observations, while adding temporal information never accessed before. The observed performances confirm IoT solutions are very adapted to active volcano monitoring in terms of range, autonomy, and data loss.

Dynamics of Living Subsistence Systems in Merapi Disaster Prone Area and Non-Merapi Disaster Prone Area, Cangkringan District, Sleman Regency, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 20181-20185
Author(s):  
Surani Hasanati ◽  
Alia Fajarwati ◽  
Estuning Tyas Wulan Mei
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Merapi Volcano ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Volcano Eruption ◽  
The World ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
Research Analysis

Merapi is one of the most active Volcano in the world with more than 70 eruptions since 1548. Merapi Volcano Eruption in 2010 was incline destroyed most of the assets, activities or access of households capability by loss of any assets that put the victims at the desperate situation, especially to those who got direct impact of Merapi Volcano Eruption. This research explain how the household that live in KRB (Merapi disaster prone area) and non-KRB developed system for their living subsistence to fulfill the minimum survival subsistence after Merapi Eruption in 2010. This study linked to disaster risk reduction that needed as one of way of mitigation by local people. This research held in selected village that are fix settlement relocation “Plosokerep” in KRB and “Kuwang” in non-KRB, Cangkringan District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Those location is the representative of rural community in Merapi area. The research analysis is descriptive qualitative. The unit of analysis is household. Result shows that living subsistence systems in each household may varied but in general, one village has the likely same system, but differs in KRB and Non-KRB.

scholarly journals Genetic information and insurance: some ethical issues

1997 ◽  
Vol 352 (1357) ◽  
pp. 1087-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onora O'neill
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Commercial Insurance ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
The Face ◽  
It Support ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Way

Life is risky, and insurance provides one of the best developed ways of controlling risks. By pooling, and so transferring risks, those who turn out to suffer antecedently uncertain harms can be assured in advance that they will be helped if those harms arise; they can then plan their lives and activities with confidence that they are less at the mercy of ill fortune. Both publicly organized and commercial insurance can organize the pooling of risk in ways that are beneficial for all concerned. They provide standard ways of securing fundamental ethical values such as solidarity and mutuality. Although policy holders do not know or contract with one another, each benefits from the contribution of others to a shared scheme for pooling and so controlling risk. Although there is a limit to the degree to which commercially–based insurance, where premiums depend on risk level, can go beyond mutuality towards solidarity, in practice it too often achieves a measure of solidarity by taking a broad brush approach to pooling risk However, the ordinary practices of insurance, and in particular of commercial insurance, also raise ethical questions. These may be put in simple terms by contrasting the way in which an insurance market discriminates between different people, on the basis of characteristics that (supposedly) determine their risk level, and our frequent abhorrence of discrimination, in particular on the basis on religious, racial and gender grounds. Are the discriminations on which insurance practice relies upon as standard acceptable or not? The increasing availability of genetic information, which testing (of individuals) and screening (of populations) may provide, could lend urgency to these questions. Genetic information may provide a way of obtaining more accurate assessment of individual risks to health and life. This information could be used to discriminate more finely between the risk levels of different individuals, and then to alter the availability and the costs of health, life and unemployment insurance to them. Since all of these forms of insurance bear very directly on the way most people live, it will matter to them how (if at all) insurers take account of genetic information. Will use of this information improve or damage the capacity of insurance to provide confidence in the face of uncertain harms, and help if they happen? Will it discriminate in acceptable or in unacceptable ways? Will it support or damage the sorts of mutuality and solidarity various sorts of insurance schemes have successfully institutionalized?

scholarly journals Evaluasi Kebijakan Penanggulangan Bencana (Studi Pada BPBD Kabupaten Kediri)

2020 ◽  
Vol 006 (02) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
Mochamad Rizki Fitrianto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Organization And Administration ◽  
Management Agency ◽  
Disaster Policy ◽  
The Face

Kediri Regency is one of the regions in the province of East Java with various potential natural disasters except tsunami. Some potential natural disasters in Kediri Regency are volcanic eruptions, floods, landslides, nipples, earthquakes. Referring to the IRB (Disaster Risk Index) released by BNPB in 2013, shows that Kediri regency is included in one of the administrative areas in East Java that has a high disaster index. The policy on disaster relief in Kediri Regency has been arranged in regional regulation No. 2 year 2015 which governs the Organization and administration of BPBD (Regional disaster management Agency). The policy has been running for almost 5 years, therefore seeing the various potential disasters owned by Kediri district, researchers want to examine the extent to which the policy has been implemented and observe about readiness in the face of various potential future threats in the future. The findings in the field indicate that in implementing a disaster policy there are currently some indicators in the evaluation (Dunn, 1999) that has not been achieved optimally.

scholarly journals Comparative preparedness in New Zealand and the Philippines for response to, and recovery from, volcanic eruptions

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-476
Author(s):  
V. Manville ◽  
D. Johnston ◽  
S. Stammers ◽  
B. Scott
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Large Island ◽  
Response Systems

New Zealand and the Philippines are two of the most tectonically and volcanically active regions in the world, due to their setting as large island chains on the convergent margin of the Pacific Plate. The Philippines has experienced numerous volcanic disasters over the past 400 years with the loss of over 7000 lives and considerable damage to infrastructure. The 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, after 500 years of dormancy, was the largest volcanic eruption globally in the last 50 years, with serious socio-economic consequences for the Philippines. The 1995-6 eruptions of New Zealand's Mount Ruapehu, were the most serious volcanic activity experienced in the country over the last 50 years, but occurred at a frequently active volcano for which monitoring, hazard assessment, and response systems were already in place. Although the eruptions differ in size by two orders of magnitude, they illustrate how volcanic activity impacts infrastructure and society at different levels of economic development and vulnerability. Two of New Zealand's volcanic centres, Taupo and Okataina, have the potential to generate eruptions of a similar, or even greater, scale than Pinatubo. Therefore, lessons learnt from the Philippine experience will be of vital importance in planning for the mitigation of future volcanic disasters in New Zealand.

The prospects of occupational risk management during reforms of regulatory legislation basis

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim B. Alekseev ◽  
Nina V. Zaitseva ◽  
Pavel Z. Shur
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Work Safety ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Legal Principles

Despite wide legislation basis of regulating relations in work safety and workers’ health, one third of workplaces demonstrate exceeded allowable normal levels of workers’ exposure to occupational hazards and present occupational risk for health disorders.In accordance to national legislation acts, evaluation should cover factors of occupational environment and working process, and occupational risk is understood in context of mandatory social insurance. This approach has been formed due to mostly compensatory trend in legal principles of work safety in Russia by now. Implementation of new preventive concept of work safety, based on idea of risk management for workers, necessitates development of legal acts that regulate requirements to evaluation of occupational risk and its reports with consideration of changes in Federal Law on 30 March 1999 №52 FZ “On sanitary epidemiologic well-being of population”.Those acts can include Sanitary Rules and Regulations “Evaluation of occupational risk for workers’ health”, that will contain main principles of risk assessment, requirements to risk assessment, including its characteristics which can serve as a basis of categorizing the risk levels with acceptability.To standardize requirements for informing a worker on the occupational risk, the expediency is specification of sanitary rules “Notifying a worker on occupational risk”. These rules should contain requirements: to a source of data on occupational risk level at workplace, to informational content and to ways of notifying the worker. Specification and implementation of the stated documents enable to fulfil legal requirements completely on work safety — that will provide preservation and increase of efficiency in using work resources.

Applying the risk principle to optimize accuracy and equity in correctional risk assessment: Results From a Simulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2098652
Author(s):  
Grant Duwe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Risk Principle ◽  
Changes In Risk ◽  
The Impact

As the use of risk assessments for correctional populations has grown, so has concern that these instruments exacerbate existing racial and ethnic disparities. While much of the attention arising from this concern has focused on how algorithms are designed, relatively little consideration has been given to how risk assessments are used. To this end, the present study tests whether application of the risk principle would help preserve predictive accuracy while, at the same time, mitigate disparities. Using a sample of 9,529 inmates released from Minnesota prisons who had been assessed multiple times during their confinement on a fully-automated risk assessment, this study relies on both actual and simulated data to examine the impact of program assignment decisions on changes in risk level from intake to release. The findings showed that while the risk principle was used in practice to some extent, the simulated results showed that greater adherence to the risk principle would increase reductions in risk levels and minimize the disparities observed at intake. The simulated data further revealed the most favorable outcomes would be achieved by not only applying the risk principle, but also by expanding program capacity for the higher-risk inmates in order to adequately reduce their risk.

Disaster Risk Assessment Among Iranian Exceptional Schools

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Samaneh Miresmaeeli ◽  
Nafiseh Esmaeili ◽  
Sepideh Sadeghi Ashlaghi ◽  
Zahra Abbasi Dolatabadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Disaster Risk Assessment ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: Exceptional children, like other children, have the right to be educated in a safe environment. Disasters are considered as serious issues regarding safety and security of educational environments. Following disasters, vulnerable groups, especially children with handicaps and disabilities are more likely to be seriously injured. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the safety and disaster risk assessment of exceptional schools in Tehran, Iran. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in exceptional schools in Tehran, 2018. First, 55 exceptional schools in all grades were selected based on census sampling method and evaluated by using a checklist designed by Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO) and Ministry of Education in 2015. The data were analyzed using Excel software and statistical descriptive tests. Result: Based on the results, school facilities are worn and have unsafe elevators (least safety: 7.69%), yards (least safety: 9.52%), laboratories (least safety: 16.67%), libraries (least safety: 24.24%), fire extinguishing systems (least safety: 28.99%), and storage rooms and kitchens (least safety: 33.33%) which require immediate considerations. In total, the safety of exceptional schools in this study was 70.13%, which suggests medium-risk level. Conclusion: The educational settings must be reconsidered, along with identifying the risk and safety at school. In addition, a standard should be established for evaluating safety, especially in exceptional schools.

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