scholarly journals On the Subject of Social Philosophy

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Irina Sizemskaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Epistemology ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Communicative Practice ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Life

Social philosophy is knowledge that is called to answer the question about the goals of human existence and human historical life. In this sense, it is a valuative philosophy. This determines the specificity and boundaries of its object. It includes: 1) society as self-organizing system of sociality reproduction, 2) historical process in its relation with value meanings and constants of human existence, and 3) social epistemology, exploring the possibilities and ways of adequately social reality comprehension. Social philosophy conceptually crosses theoretical sociology and the philosophy of history within the boundaries of its problem field. The main theme of social philosophy is a theme of human, focusing research interest on the question “Who are we and where are we going?” Today boundaries of social philosophy are blurring under the postmodern influence on the humanities. Philosophical vision of social reality is replaced by the description of narratives designed by communicative practice that cannot be represented as a whole and do not obey to general analytical logic. This actualizes an appeal to social philosophy as a way of explanation of socio-cultural realities and, in this connection, to the problematics specifying the existing ideas about its object.

N. A. Berdyaev’s method of cognition of history in light of possible socio-philosophical interpretations of modernity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Renat Nursakhievich Yusupov
Keyword(s):  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Reflection ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Historical Life ◽  
Actual Formation

The subject of this research is the methods of philosophical-historical cognition developed in the writings of N. A. Berdyaev, his triadic scheme of subject’s relation to history. The first period of direct, cohesive presence in some conventional historical structure does not portend the emergence of historical reflection. The second period, which Berdyaev associates with the era of “Enlightenment”, is characterized by disintegration in the historical life and human consciousness, contraposition of historical object and subject. However, the actual formation of the philosophy of history is possible only on condition of the transition into the third state of human spirit, which invokes acuity of mind, propensity to reflection and comprehension, which allows to return and in a new way, deliberately tap into the sanctuaries of historical life. The scientific novelty consists in interpretation of the method of cognition of history, developed by Berdyaev through the prism of such methodological capabilities that has the modern social philosophy. It is concluded that the main difference between the first and third levels of subject’s relation to history in Berdyaev’s scheme consists in the change of the object of cognition, when the object is not just an empirical givenness, but a special, superordinate reality. Such reorientation allows to predetermine a situation of the first period in a new way, which opens additional opportunities for correlating the active development of existence with the standards of everyday experience, as well as reinterpret the nature of the second period, when in can be perceive not as a crisis, but a routine question, an essential condition for transition into the third, most productive period.

scholarly journals Historiosophical Sources and Meanings of the Russian Philosophy of History

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Irina Sizemskaya
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Progressive Movement ◽  
Spiritual Senses ◽  
The Subject

The article analyzes the socio-cultural and theoretical origins of the Russian philosophy of history. These origins determined the development of the philosophy of history as a special feld of philosophical knowledge. This process took place in the second half of the 19th century, a significant factor of which was the split within the cultural and spiritual unity of Russian society on the wave of Alexander II’s reforms associated with the abolition of serfdom. In this period the subject-matter of the philosophy of history was defned. In the author’s opinion, the subject-matter of the philosophy of history includes: 1) the historical process in its universal human dimensions and in “past – present – future” movement, 2) the life of society in historically concrete forms of the organization of human community, 3) historical epistemology. The article shows why the philosophy of history, formed in this research feld, was established in the public consciousness and intellectual context as historiosophy, i.e. knowledge of spiritual senses, the beginning and end of history. This philosophical-historical paradigm excluded the oppositions, on the one hand, between philosophical knowledge and historical science and, on the other hand, between the philosophy of the history and social philosophy. As the main ideas of the Russian philosophy of history during that period, the author considers the idea of the integrity of historical existence as an “organic life” (Granovsky) and the idea of the variability of the historical process, interpreted as the constant inclination of history to “permanent improvisation” (Herzen). The author pays special attention to the development of the concepts of “transitional form” and “chaos,” which provide the acceleration of the progressive movement of history and the possibility of an active and responsible participation of an individual and masses in it. The attention to this problem introduced the spiritual and moral component into the ontological basis of the historical process as well as the concept of necessity and chance, freedom and violence, revolution and evolution into the conceptual apparatus of philosophical and historical knowledge. As a result, simultaneously with the metaphysical principles, the principles of concrete historical and axiological analysis were integrated into the methodology of the philosophy of history. This approach to the analysis of the historical process has preserved its heuristic potential to the present day.

scholarly journals VL. Solovyov and N.I. Kareev: the question of the creative history of the “Justification of the Moral Good”

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
V.V. Sidorin
Keyword(s):  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Scholarly Activity ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Moral Good ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
The Individual

The following essay analyzes the context in which Vl. Solovyov wrote his philosophical treatise “Justification of the Moral Good”. Such an analysis is a necessary condition for a conscientious reconstruction of the treatise’s creative history and thus for a proper analysis of the concepts and ideas expressed therein. The aim of this study is a detailed restoration of the intellectual atmosphere in which Solovyov's work was created. Such a project requires a turn to the philosophical activities of less eminent contemporaries of Solovyov, including N.I. Kareev, whose work Solovyov closely followed, responding to him not just critically, but also with a certain amount of sympathy. We also take up here a well-known discussion between the two concerning the philosophy of history and the theory of the historical process. Solovyov's position in this discussion is shown as containing the kernel of a plan embodied in the parts of the “Justification” dealing with social philosophy and philosophy of history. In addition, a textual, conceptual, and comparative analysis of Solovyov’s treatise shows that Kareev’s scholarly activity was an important factor in the intellectual context in which the plan of the treatise arose, was realized, and corrected. The essay also examines the notes in the text of the Justification that are complementary to N. Kareev (and to N. Mikhailovsky) and that were deleted by the author in preparing the 1899 edition. As we know, this later edition became the basis of all subsequent editions and reprintings. We see that Solovyov was sympathetic and to a certain degree close not only to Kareev's attempts to create an integral philosophical and historical standpoint, but also to his ideas about the high historical vocation of the individual. However, he was also sympathetic to the general pathos of Kareev’s theory, which consists in understanding moral activity as a key factor in historical change, taking the historical process as a sphere of the objectification of moral ideals.

Fakir Baykurt’un Almanya öykülerinde Türk göçmen çocukları

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-28
Author(s):  
Efnan Dervişoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Home Life ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Life Education

Almanya’ya işçi göçü, neden ve sonuçları, sosyal boyutlarıyla ele alınmış; göç ve devamındaki süreçte yaşanan sorunlar, konunun uzmanlarınca dile getirilmiştir. Fakir Baykurt’un Almanya öyküleri, sunduğu gerçekler açısından, sosyal bilimlerin ortaya koyduğu verilerle bağdaşan edebiyat ürünleri arasındadır. Yirmi yılını geçirdiği Almanya’da, göçmen işçilerle ve aileleriyle birlikte olup işçi çocuklarının eğitimine yönelik çalışmalarda bulunan yazarın gözlem ve deneyimlerinin ürünü olan bu öyküler, kaynağını yaşanmışlıktan alır; çalışmanın ilk kısmında, Fakir Baykurt’un yaşamına ve Almanya yıllarına dair bilgi verilmesi, bununla ilişkilidir. Öykülere yansıyan çocuk yaşamı ise çalışmanın asıl konusunu oluşturmaktadır. “Ev ve aile yaşamı”, “Eğitim yaşamı ve sorunları”, “Sosyal çevre, arkadaşlık ilişkileri ve Türk-Alman ayrılığı” ile “İki kültür arasında” alt başlıklarında, Türkiye’den göç eden işçi ailelerinde yetişen çocukların Almanya’daki yaşamları, karşılaştıkları sorunlar, öykülerin sunduğu veriler ışığında değerlendirilmiş; örneklemeye gidilmiştir. Bu öyküler, edebiyatın toplumsal gerçekleri en iyi yansıtan sanat olduğu görüşünü doğrular niteliktedir ve sosyolojik değerlendirmelere açıktır. ENGLISH ABSTRACTMigration and Children in Fakir Baykurt’s stories from GermanyThe migration of workers to Germany has been taken up with its causes, consequences and social dimensions; the migration and the problems encountered in subsequent phases have been stated by experts in the subject. Fakir Baykurt’s stories from Germany, regarding the reality they represent, are among the literary forms that coincide with the facts supplied by social sciences. These stories take their sources from true life experiences as the products of observations and experiences with migrant workers and their families in Germany where the writer has passed twenty years of his life and worked for the education of the worker’s children; therefore information related to Fakir Baykurt’s life and his years in Germany are provided in the first part of the study.  The life of children reflected in the stories constitutes the main theme of the study.  Under  the subtitles of “Family and Home Life”, “Education Life and related issues”, “Social environment, friendships and Turkish-German disparity” and “Amidst two cultures”, the lives in Germany of children who have been  raised in working class  families and  who have immigrated from Turkey are  evaluated under the light of facts provided by the stories and examples are given. These stories appear to confirm that literature is an art that reflects the social reality and is open to sociological assessments.KEYWORDS: Fakir Baykurt; Germany; labor migration; child; story

STORYTELLING AND MEANING RECONSTRUCTION: A METAPHORICAL PERSPECTIVE

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
M L Mojapelo
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Meaning Reconstruction ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Storytelling consists of an interaction between a narrator and a listener, both of whom assign meaning to the story as a whole and its component parts. The meaning assigned to the narrative changes over time under the influence of the recipient‟s changing precepts and perceptions which seem to be simplistic in infancy and more nuanced with age. It becomes more philosophical in that themes touching on the more profound questions of human existence tend to become more prominently discernible as the subject moves into the more reflective or summative phases of his or her existence. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the metaphorical character of a story, as reflected in changing patterns of meaning assigned to the narrative in the course of the subjective receiver‟s passage through the various stages of life. This was done by analysing meaning, from a particular storytelling session, at different stages of a listener‟s personal development. Meaning starts as literal and evolves through re-interpretation to abstract and deeper levels towards application in real life.

Rhythm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexi Eikelboom
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contemporary Philosopher ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Theoretical Category

This book argues that, as a pervasive dimension of human existence with theological implications, rhythm ought to be considered a category of theological significance. Philosophers and theologians have drawn on rhythm—patterned movements of repetition and variation—to describe reality, however, the ways in which rhythm is used and understood differ based on a variety of metaphysical commitments with varying theological implications. This book brings those implications into the open, using resources from phenomenology, prosody, and the social sciences to analyse and evaluate uses of rhythm in metaphysical and theological accounts of reality. The analysis relies on a distinction from prosody between a synchronic approach to rhythm—observing the whole at once and considering how various dimensions of a rhythm hold together harmoniously—and a diachronic approach—focusing on the ways in which time unfolds as the subject experiences it. The text engages with the twentieth-century Jesuit theologian Erich Przywara alongside thinkers as diverse as Augustine and the contemporary philosopher Giorgio Agamben, and proposes an approach to rhythm that serves the concerns of theological conversation. It demonstrates the difference that including rhythm in theological conversation makes to how we think about questions such as “what is creation?” and “what is the nature of the God–creature relationship?” from the perspective of rhythm. As a theoretical category, capable of expressing metaphysical commitments, yet shaped by the cultural rhythms in which those expressing such commitments are embedded, rhythm is particularly significant for theology as a phenomenon through which culture and embodied experience influence doctrine.

scholarly journals Subjective Basis for Elucidating Communication in the Personalistic Perspective

Res Rhetorica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Gondek
Keyword(s):  
Human Existence ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Persuasive Communication ◽  
Communication Activity ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject

The paper examines man’s involvement in the communication process. While elucidating communication one needs to take into account the subjective factors which condition its existence. The article particularly highlights the personal dimension of human existence and an integrated action of his powers thanks to which man constitutes the subject and motive for all forms of communication activity. The basic types of communication are affected by virtue of a relation to human powers: intellective-cognitive and volitive-emotive. Yet, it is persuasive communication that, methodologically ordered within the framework of rhetoric, seems to fully recognize the communication determinants characteristic of man’s nature. The progressing technicization of the media also needs to be perceived through an integrated personalistic perspective accepting the subjective determinants of man participating in the communication process.

scholarly journals Jesse Shera, The Wars and The Pietá

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Porto Bozzetti ◽  
Gustavo Saldanha
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
Information Science ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Theoretical Formulation ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Future ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject

The purpose of this paper, considering the relevance of Shera thoughts and its repercussions, is to reposition, in epistemological-historical terms, Jesse Shera’s approaches and their impacts according to a relation between life and work of the epistemologist. Without the intention of an exhaustive discussion, the purpose is to understand some unequivocal relations between the Shera critique for the context of its theoretical formulation and the consequences of this approach contrary to some tendencies originating from the technical and bureaucratic roots of the field (before and after World War II). It is deduced that Shera, rather than observing the sociopolitical reality and technical partner in which the texture of alibrary-based thought (but visualized by him as documentaryinformational), establishes, in his own praxis, social epistemology as a sort of "critique of the future," that is, as a praxis of the reflexive activity of the subject inserted in this episteme. In our discussion, the epistemological-social approach represents a vanguard for the context of its affirmation, a reassessment for the immediate decades to its presentation(years 1960 and 1970) and a critique for the future of what was consolidated under the notion of information Science, anticipating affirmations of "social nature" of the 1980s and 1990s in the field of information.

scholarly journals Znaczenie empirii jako podstawy wyjaśniania, prognozowania i praktyki w naukach społecznych

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-49
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Scientific Paradigm ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Contemporary Research ◽  
Scientific Dispute ◽  
The Subject

The considerations presented in the article are to be an impulse to reflect on the foundations on which modern scientific discoveries are based. The aim of the analysis is to present a number of doubts as to the accuracy and perfection of contemporary research results in social sciences, in particular in the discipline of political science. In social reality there are still many limitations both on the part of the human being as the subject examining reality and the imperfections of the tools he uses. The article discusses attitudes towards scientific dispute consisting in the clash of the scientific paradigm based on empiricism and positivism with postmodern interpretivism within the hermeneutic paradigm will soon end.

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