scholarly journals Conceptions of organization of informatively-intellectual technologies and intellectual support of social-economic processes: multiple-valued tools.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
O.I. Povzun ◽  
N.B. Kozel ◽  
О.А. Karataiev ◽  
G.G. Chetverykov
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Mathematical Operations

The article is devoted the analysis of problem of creation of the intelligence systems, which allow to design at logical and vehicle levels economic decisions described mathematical operations above a human language, and which are the elements of multiple-valued of structural organization of informatively-intellectual technologies. A necessity and possibility of development of general theory of construction of intellectual management and intelligence systems is shown, which would become methodological basis of purposeful creation of new technologies of informations.

METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF GENERAL THEORY OF LAW J.-L. BERGEL

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Вадим Леонидович Афанасьевский
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
Existential Philosophy ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theory Of Law

Предметом статьи является экспликация методологического базиса разработанной французским правоведом Жаном-Луи Бержелем концепции общей теории права. Автор фиксирует, что методология этой конструкции отличается принципиальной спецификой от классического рационализма научного знания. Бержель для разработки проблем теории права использовал импрессионистский метод, принципиально выходящий за рамки научной методологии. Это приводит к тому, что читатель превращается в соавтора, выстраивая свое представление о предмете теории права. Причем фантазия автора и читателя ничем не ограничена, ибо она уходит от исторических трансформаций развития правовой реальности и традиций теоретического правового дискурса. В статье показано, что предложенная методология привела Бержеля к размытости и непроясненности понятийного аппарата и «терминологическому анархизму». Представив свой анализ его концепции общей теории права, автор статьи приходит к выводу, что основанием методологии Бержеля являются характерные для французской социогуманитарной мысли принципы экзистенциальной философии и постмодернистских штудий. Именно в этом коренится отсутствие целостности в теоретических построениях, наличие эклектизма и туманности употребляемых терминов и понятий. В эту парадигму прекрасно укладывается импрессионистский метод, используемый французским правоведом. Если читатель сам определяет понимание читаемого текста, то смысл уже не определяется объективной реальностью. Он выступает проблемой изолированного индивида, находящегося в произвольно выстроенном им фрагментированном мире, в том числе и мире права The subject of the article is the explication of the methodological basis of the concept of the general theory of law developed by the French jurist Jean-Louis Bergel. The author notes that the methodology of this construction differs in fundamental specificity from the classical rationalism of scientific knowledge. Bergel used the impressionist method to develop problems in the theory of law, which fundamentally went beyond the framework of scientific methodology. This leads to the fact that the reader turns into a co-author, building his own idea of the subject of the theory of law. Moreover, the imagination of the author and the reader is not limited by anything, for it moves away from the historical transformations of the development of legal reality and the traditions of theoretical legal discourse. The article shows that the proposed methodology led Bergel to a vague and unclear conceptual apparatus and «terminological anarchism». Having presented his analysis of his concept of the general theory of law, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that the basis of Bergel's methodology is the principles of existential philosophy and postmodern studies that are characteristic of French socio-humanitarian thought. This is the root of the lack of integrity in theoretical constructions, the presence of eclecticism and the vagueness of the terms and concepts used. The impressionistic method used by the French jurist fits perfectly into this paradigm. If the reader himself determines the understanding of the text being read, then the meaning is no longer determined by objective reality. It acts as a problem of an isolated individual who is in a fragmented world arbitrarily built by him, including the world of law

scholarly journals The Challenge of Human Dignity in the Era of Autonomous Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Paola Inverardi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ethics In Science ◽  
European Group

AbstractAutonomous systems make decisions independently or on behalf of the user. This will happen more and more in the future, with the widespread use of AI technologies in the fabric of the society that impacts on the social, economic, and political sphere. Automating services and processes inevitably impacts on the users’ prerogatives and puts at danger their autonomy and privacy. From a societal point of view, it is crucial to understand which is the space of autonomy that a system can exercise without compromising laws and human rights. Following the European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies 2018 recommendation, the chapter addresses the problem of preserving the value of human dignity in the context of the digital society, understood as the recognition that a person is worthy of respect in her interaction with autonomous technologies. A person must be able to exercise control on information about herself and on the decisions that autonomous systems make on her behalf.

MATHEMATICAL ALGORITHMS OF GAME THEORY AS AN APPLIED TOOL FOR MAKING EFFECTIVE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC DECISIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 45-62
Author(s):  
L.S. Zvyagin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
New Production ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Production Concept ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Mathematical Algorithms

The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that today the digital economy determines that the market leaders are determined not by a longterm success story, not by the value of real estate and assets, not by the number of patents or access to capital, but by the ability to change and adapt their business to new conditions. Digital technologies, which have emerged over the past decade, help to find sources of increased efficiency and opportunities for rapid competitive development of enterprises. At the same time, they demand to change the existing management models, reformat communications, technologies and the organizational structure of enterprises based on new values, priorities and guidelines based on partnership, customer focus, innovation and synergy. Today's global manufacturing landscape is changing rapidly. The current technological development and the development of big data allow managers to better understand their activities. Big data provides companies with huge opportunities to improve their performance. Industry 4.0 and the Internet make it possible to create intelligent factories where machines and networks are able to exchange and respond to information, as well as independently manage the production process. Recently, the Russian Government has been advocating a new production concept, namely redistributed production, which uses a number of new technologies, such as 3D printing, additive manufacturing, and big data, to provide numerous advantages over existing systems. As such, businesses will need to adapt to changing data usage patterns to operate effectively in the growing digital age.

scholarly journals Sharing Economy and Fast Fashion (Sustainability and virtual consumer behavior: A review and research agenda)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Ruiz Navarro ◽  
Carolina Hintzmann ◽  
August Corrons
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Fast Fashion ◽  
Holistic Understanding

<p>The main objective of this work, through a literature review, is to contextualize the importance of fashion consumer behavior towards a more sustainable economy, emphasizing the sharing economy as an alternative to fast fashion through virtual networks, and therefore also highlights the use that consumers make of new technologies (social networks, mobile applications, or collaborative platforms). The specific objectives are none other than showing the need to contribute to the reduction of pollution, damage to the environment and the overconsumption of natural resources (water, energy, or materials) involved in the manufacture of clothing. All this linked to consumer behavior, innovation, electronic commerce, the sharing economy, and the entrepreneurship of the social and solidarity economy. It is for this reason that this work is approached from a perspective that can help to promote the exchange of fashion, examining the antecedents of the intention of consumers to participate in virtual fashion networks.</p> <p>The consolidation of the sharing economy in the fashion industry could offer social, economic, and environmental benefits, so this research also wants to highlight the convenience of identifying and analyzing the different beliefs of people with similar behaviors using this type of virtual fashion networks and platforms, and that, due to the confinement of COVID-19, seems to have increased exponentially.</p> <p>The value that is provided is to establish a common framework for discussion, within which the research has been carried out, since there is still much to analyze about consumer behavior in this context, and therefore the future of research in this area must bring together social, economic, and technological research to provide a more holistic understanding.</p> <p>It is desirable that sustainability and the need for more sustainable consumption are a motivating influence for future research on the sharing economy related to fast fashion and virtual consumer behavior.</p>

scholarly journals Cystic fibrosis as a social-economic burden

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
A. S. Kolbin ◽  
Yu. M. Gomon ◽  
O. I. Karpov ◽  
Yu. E. Balykina ◽  
M. A. Proskurin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Main Part ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Social Burden

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic genetic disease with social significant weight because it influences on social humanitarian part of health and on sources of health care system as well. Materials and methods. Data of CF Register and treatment methodology based on clinical guidelines were used for analysis. Direct and indirect medical costs as well as indirect costs have been calculated per one patient per year. Direct costs included diagnostic costs and treatment based on Obligatory medical Insurance fund tariffs, costs of drugs and medical devices, rehabilitation, payments due to disability; indirect costs included loss of GDP. Results. Total expenditures were calculated as 3,1 mln RUR for one patient annually, direct medical costs were 71 % of total. Main part of expenditures was allocated for out-patient stage of treatment — 1,57 mln RUR. Exacerbations costs were estimated as 399,4 thousand RUR. Indirect medical cost was 314,6 thousand RUR, and indirect cost as 582,9 thousand RUR as well annually. Total economic burden of CF for Russian Federation was calculated as 10,37 bln RUR/year, main part was a direct medical expenditures — 73 %. Conclusion. CF is a big social-economic burden in the Russian conditions. Reducing the number of exacerbations and improving lung function, as well as increasing the life expectancy of patients with CF due to introduction of new technologies in health care (targeted therapy) is aimed at reducing the social burden of the disease, which will require increasing the availability of effective (targeted) drugs in the future.

scholarly journals Internal security in local development policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (20) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Piotr Hajduga ◽  
Andrzej Łuczyszyn
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Political Reality

In today’s social, economic, and political reality, security environment needs to have appropriate conditions for its functioning. Stabilising these conditions is becoming indispensable due to the ongoing changes in people’s economic activity manifested by new forms of management and based on new technologies. Internal security is determined by various factors and is of interest to different parties. Currently, as local communities are gaining vital importance, a large part of development initiatives is transferred to the local level. The links between internal and social security as well as local development policy, social policy, and welfare policy are becoming increasingly visible

scholarly journals Digital Inequalities in the Use of Self-Tracking Diet and Fitness Apps: Interview Study on the Influence of Social, Economic, and Cultural Factors (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faustine Régnier ◽  
Louis Chauvel
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Watchers

BACKGROUND Digital devices are driving economic and social transformations, but assessing the uses, perceptions, and impact of these new technologies on diet and physical activity remains a major societal challenge. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine under which social, economic, and cultural conditions individuals in France were more likely to be actively invested in the use of self-tracking diet and fitness apps for better health behaviors. METHODS Existing users of 3 diet and fitness self-tracking apps (Weight Watchers, MyFitnessPal, and sport apps) were recruited from 3 regions of France. We interviewed 79 individuals (Weight Watchers, n=37; MyFitnessPal, n=20; sport apps, n=22). In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with each participant, using open-ended questions about their use of diet and fitness apps. A triangulation of methods (content, textual, and quantitative analyses) was performed. RESULTS We found 3 clusters of interviewees who differed by social background and curative goal linked to use under constraint versus preventive goal linked to chosen use, and intensity of their self-quantification efforts and participation in social networks. Interviewees used the apps for a diversity of uses, including measurement, tracking, quantification, and participation in digital communities. A digital divide was highlighted, comprising a major social gap. Social conditions for appropriation of self-tracking devices included sociodemographic factors, life course stages, and cross-cutting factors of heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Individuals from affluent or intermediate social milieus were most likely to use the apps and to participate in the associated online social networks. These interviewees also demonstrated a preventive approach to a healthy lifestyle. Individuals from lower milieus were more reluctant to use digital devices relating to diet and physical activity or to participate in self-quantification. The results of the study have major implications for public health: the digital self-quantification device is intrinsically less important than the way the individual uses it, in terms of adoption of successful health behaviors.

scholarly journals St. John’s theorem

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404
Author(s):  
Sergey I. Mozzhilin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Belief ◽  
Abstract Thinking ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Truth ◽  
First Time ◽  
John's Theorem

The article analyzes the spiritual-mystical components underlying speech, language and self-consciousness of a person. The research is carried out on the basis of an interdisciplinary scientific approach. The main attention is focused on the prologue of St. John, considered as a scientific theorem that paves the way for solving the problem of the existence of language and human self-consciousness. The methodological basis of the study is the author's concept of the formation of a sign-symbol of a mystical, disembodied being – a spirit, which formed the basis of a face symbol, in the phylogeny of humanity, as a consequence of mental mechanisms of transfer and replacement. This concept is used for the first time in the aspect of comprehending the prologue of St. John, which is the novelty of the study. The work logically substantiates the impossibility of the existence of the human word, and at the same time of abstract thinking and self-consciousness, without the psychic reality of an incorporeal, mystical controller and verbal designer of thought – namely, the spirit that prompts the subject to incessant acts of identification with him. At the same time, the logic of the study allows us to draw a conclusion about the scientific truth of the prologue of St. John, with regard to the beginning of human language and self-consciousness. Also, as a conclusion, the author emphasizes the key importance of a religious belief in a mystical ruler for the realization of the existence of language and self-consciousness of a person.

scholarly journals Structural organization criminal law regulations of chapter 22 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation from the standpoint of legislative textology

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Alexandra I. Sitnikova
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article attempts to identify and provide solutions to a number of problems related to the design features of the criminal law prescriptions of Chapter 22 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of this scientific publication is the dialectical method of cognition, taken in unity with instrumental research methods. As a result of the study, the author came to the conclusion that in the text of Chapter 22 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation, it is possible to distinguish structural units, which include the headings of articles, descriptive and thematic elements of criminal law regulations, their compositional and graphic features and notes to articles.

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