Prevention of Violence against Children: Challenges and Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debotosh Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Displaced Children ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Global Evidence

This book is a compilation of papers authored by academicians, practitioners, researchers who are the witnesses to increasing challenges in mitigating violence against children. Children are considered to be the backbone of human development. Violence against children is a multi-dimensional phenomenon which consists of all forms of physical, mental torture, injury, abuse, neglect, maltreatment and sexual abuse perpetrated on them. It is very evident that children experience certain forms of violence at their various stages of life. Global evidence suggests that girls and boys in certain contexts are more vulnerable to violence (UNICEF, 2017). For instance, vulnerability may be heightened for children living with disabilities, in institutional care and deprived of liberty; those living in extreme poverty, unaccompanied or separated from family; children on the move (migrants, refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced children); and children living with HIV, facing discrimination for their sexual orientation or gender identity, belonging to marginalized social or ethnic groups, and those living with other social and economic disadvantages. While individual factors that increase the risk of violence are clearly important, there is broad consensus in the field that violence prevention and response must not focus too narrowly on individual characteristics of victims and perpetrators rather the focus should be enlarged to give more attention to broader social, economic, normative and institutional environments in which children and adolescents live.

scholarly journals The Protection of Internally Displaced Children in Africa: A Doctrinal Analysis of Article 23(4) of the African Children's Charter

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Romola Adeola ◽  
Benyam D Mezmur
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Welfare Of The Child ◽  
Displaced Children ◽  
African Charter

Abstract This article considers the protection of, and assistance for, internally displaced children (IDCs) in Africa. Internal displacement has become one of Africa's most pressing human rights challenges. Over the last decade, millions of persons have been internally displaced on the continent by conflict, disaster and other causes. Children are one of the most affected categories of persons, given the implications of displacement for them. Article 23(4) of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child incorporates specific protection for IDCs. This article examines the protection of IDCs in the context of this regional framework. It argues that, while article 23(4) requires that both refugee children and IDCs should be accorded the same protection from a rights-based perspective, it also requires that the protection of IDCs should be construed with reference to the Kampala Convention, which is the most recent applicable regional regime governing internal displacement.

scholarly journals “Do you understand (me)?” negotiating mutual understanding by using gaze and environmentally coupled gestures between two deaf signing participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Sivunen ◽  
Elina Tapio
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seeker ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
The State ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Multimodal Analysis ◽  
Semiotic Resources ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Language Competencies ◽  
Unrealistic Expectations ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractIn this paper we explore the use of multimodal and multilingual semiotic resources in interactions between two deaf signing participants, a researcher and an asylum seeker. The focus is on the use of gaze and environmentally coupled gestures. Drawing on multimodal analysis and linguistic ethnography, we demonstrate how gaze and environmentally coupled gestures are effective semiotic resources for reaching mutual understanding. The study provides insight into the challenges and opportunities (deaf) asylum seekers, researchers, and employees of reception centres or the state may encounter because of the asymmetrical language competencies. Our concern is that such asymmetrical situations may be created and maintained by ignoring visual and embodied resources in interaction and, in the case of deaf asylum seekers, by unrealistic expectations towards conventionalized forms of international sign.

Protection of orphans and children left without parental care from violence and abuse: legal grounds and psychological assistance

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Ul'yanina ◽  
Olga Gavrilova ◽  
Olga Timur
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Legal Grounds ◽  
Special Category ◽  
Consequences Of Violence

The paper deals with the problem of abuse and violence against minors, among which the authors distinguish a special category: orphans and children left without parental care. Approaches to the definition and forms of violence and ill-treatment of minors are described. The psychological causes and consequences of violence and ill-treatment are analyzed. Technologies for providing psychological assistance to child victims of violence and abuse are offered. A significant part of the work is devoted to the consideration of the features of interdepartmental interaction on prevention and timely detection of signs and consequences of abuse and violence against children. The result of such an analysis was the development of a model regulation describing the procedural and legal issues of coordinating such interaction between specialists from different departments in order to protect the interests of minors. The work is addressed to psychologists, teachers, specialists of organizations for children.

scholarly journals Refugees, Persons of Concern, and People on the Move: The Broadening Boundaries of UNHCR

Refuge ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
The Way

 This article examines the way in which UNHCR has expanded its range of policy interests and operational activities since its establishment in 1951, focusing on the extension of the organization’s mission from refugees to groups such as asylum seekers, returnees, stateless popula­tions, internally displaced persons, and victims of natural disasters.The article identifies the different factors that have contributed to this expansionist process, examines its implications for UNHCR’s core mandate, and asks whether the process is an irreversible one.

scholarly journals Characteristics of violence against children in the family and its consequences on health

Temida ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Stevkovic
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Introductory Part ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Vulnerability, dependence and helplessness which characterize life situation of a child, carry a risk of its victimization by different forms of violence. Violence against children, an appearance as old as human civilization, leaves multiple, deep and lasting consequences on physical and mental health, development and future life of victimized child. The aim of this paper is to point out basic characteristics of victim, violent parent and way of execution, with particular emphasis on health consequences, through brief overview of previous empirical knowledge about children victimization with domestic violence. In the introductory part of the paper a definition of violence against children and its forms is given. In the second part, on the basis of the analysis of research findings, its basic characteristics, with the emphasis on health consequences, are reviewed. In the final part of the paper author?s concluding considerations about this sensitive problem are given. .

scholarly journals Kekerasan terhadap Anak dalam Panti Sosial Asuhan Anak

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Ismet Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Physical Force ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Degrading Treatment ◽  
Save The Children ◽  
Physical And Psychological Violence ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Social Affairs

Violence against children in Indonesia continues to increase. Many cases of violence, one of them, as happened at the childcare institution (orphanage). Forms of violence and crime are physical, psychological, sexual, and neglect. Results of the study conducted by Ministry of Social Affairs, UNICEF, and Save the Children showed that the factors that support the physical and psychological violence to the children are associated with the method in educating and disciplining children. Often used physical force or by means of humiliating and degrading treatment of children. Ironically, the staff and caregivers view it as an important part of their role in doing the job. Keywords: kekerasan, kekerasan terhadap anak, kejahatan kekerasan.

MENGENALKAN RAGAM BENTUK KEKERASAN, SANKSI PIDANA DAN PENCEGAHANNYA MELALUI KEGIATAN PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT

2021 ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Imelda Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Helping Others ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Legal Subjects ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Children are one of the legal subjects who have the potential to become victims of violence. Violence faced by children can be in the form of physical, psychological, sexual and neglect. Against these various types of violence, the Domestic Violence Law and the Child Protection Law can serve as the basis for criminalizing the perpetrators. In the Child Protection Law, even criminal sanctions against perpetrators of sexual violence against children are weighted for punishment. Furthermore, the law is equipped with additional penalties in the form of announcing the identity of the perpetrator, and action sanctions in the form of chemical castration and installation of electronic detection devices. However, efforts to overcome violence against children are not enough to rely on criminal sanctions. This is evidenced by the rise in the number of violence against children. Therefore, prevention efforts are needed through increasing understanding of the importance of making helping others a basic need of human life. So that each individual will always help and provide assistance to children who need help. The method of implementing this community service activity is carried out using the lecture, discussion and question and answer method at Loyola High School Semarang. The activity begins with material exposure regarding forms of violence, sanctions and prevention. After the presentation, there was a discussion session and a question and answer session regarding the material that had been presented. The results of the service implementation activities were obtained by understanding various information about child violence and its prevention.Anak menjadi selah satu subjek hukum yang berpotensi menjadi korban kekerasan. Kekerasan yang dihadapi oleh anak dapat berupa kekerasan fisik, psikis, seksual dan penelantaran. Terhadap berbagai kekerasan tersebut, UU KDRT dan UU Perlindungan Anak dapat menjadi dasar pemidanaan terhadap pelaku. Dalam UU PerlindunganAnak bahkan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku kekerasan seksual terhadap anak terdapat pemberatan pemidanaan. Lebih lanjut dalam undang-undang tersebut dilengkapi pidana tambahan berupa pengumuman identitas pelaku, dan sanksi tindakan berupa kebiri kimia dan pemasangan alat pendeketksi elektronik. Namun upaya penanggulangan kekerasan terhadap anak tidak cukup hanya mengandalkan sanksi pidana. Hal ini terbukti dengan maraknya angkakekerasan terhadap anak. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan upaya pencegahan melalui peningkatan pemahaman tentang pentingnya menjadikan menolong orang lain sebagai kebutuhan dasar hidup manusia. Sehingga setiap individu akan senantiasa menolong dan memberikan bantuan kepada anak yang membutuhkan bantuan. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi dan tanyajawab di SMA Kolese Loyola Semarang. Kegiatan diawali dengan paparan materi berkenaan dengan bentuk kekerasan, sanksi dan pencegahannya. Setelah paparan dilakukan sesi diskusi dan tanya jawab berkenaan dengan materi yang telah disampaikan. Hasil kegiatan pelaksanaan pengabdian diperolehnya pemahaman mengenai berbagai informasi seputar kekerasan anak dan pencegahannya.

scholarly journals Economic Approach to Combat Violence Against Children in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 08013
Author(s):  
Ermania Widjajanti ◽  
Rusmilawati Windari
Keyword(s):  
Current Problem ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Crucial Problem ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Normative Problem ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Economic Considerations ◽  
Source Of Information

The current problem of crime countermeasure should be viewed not only as a mere juridical-normative problem, but also cover other areas of life. Aside from being a violation of human rights, the existence of these sanctions are not more than a state shortcut because the conventional sanctions function less optimally. Proportionality of the costs expended compared with the benefits gained is important to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of how crime is overcome. Nowadays, violence against children, a crucial problem for Indonesia, requires countermeasures that are not only effective but also efficient, it is necessary for an economic approach to estimate potential costs of violence against children, therefore it can be a source of information for policy makers or authorities in order to protect children from all forms of violence. It is a reasonable demand if crime countermeasure in the era of globalization does not only empower the strength of the normative aspects of legislation an sich, but it also needs to involve economic considerations in it. The legal issues examined in this article are the urgency of cost analysis as a policy to overcome the crime of violence against children

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